National Academy Press
2101 Constitution Avenue, N.W. Washington, DC 20418
NOTICE: The project that is the subject of this interim statement was approved by the Governing Board of the National Research Council, whose members are drawn from the councils of the National Academy of Sciences, the National Academy of Engineering, and the Institute of Medicine. The members of the committee responsible for the interim statement were chosen for their special competencies and with regard for appropriate balance.
This interim statement has been reviewed by a group other than the authors according to procedures approved by a Report Review Committee consisting of the National Academy of Sciences, the National Academy of Engineering, and the Institute of Medicine.
The Institute of Medicine was chartered in 1970 by the National Academy of Sciences to enlist distinguished members of the appropriate professions in the examination of policy matters pertaining to the health of the public. In this, the Institute acts under both the Academy's 1863 congressional charter responsibility to be an adviser to the federal government and its own initiative in identifying issues of medical care, research, and education. Dr. Kenneth I. Shine is president of the Institute of Medicine.
Support of this project was provided by the Agency for Health Care Policy and Research, U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, under Contract No. 282-94-2008. Additional funds were provided by the Baxter Foundation.
Additional copies of this report are available in limited quantities from:
Division of Health Care Services
Institute of Medicine
2101 Constitution Avenue, N.W.
Washington, D.C. 20418
Copyright 1994 by the National Academy of Sciences. All rights reserved.
Printed in the United States of America.
The serpent has been a symbol of long life, healing, and knowledge among almost all cultures and religions since the beginning of recorded history. The image adopted as a logotype by the Institute of Medicine is based on relief carving from ancient Greece, now held by the Staalichemuseen in Berlin.
COMMITTEE ON HEALTH SERVICES RESEARCH: TRAINING AND WORK FORCE ISSUES
ROBERT E. TRANQUADA* (Chair),
Norman Topping/National Medical Enterprises
Professor of Medicine and Public Policy,
University of Southern California
PAULA K. DIEHR, Professor,
Department of Biostatistics, University of Washington
DEBORAH A. FREUND,
Vice Chancellor of Academic Affairs and Dean of Faculties,
Indiana University, Bloomington
WILLIAM T. FRIEDEWALD, Senior Vice President and Chief Medical Director,
Metropolitan Life Insurance Company, New York
JOHN C. GREENE* (Retired), Dean,
School of Dentistry, University of California, San Francisco
MERWYN R. GREENLICK,* Professor and Chair,
Department of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Oregon Health Sciences University, and Director,
Kaiser Permanente Center for Health Research, Portland
ADA SUE HINSHAW,* Dean,
School of Nursing, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor
DAVID A. KINDIG, Director,
Health Policy Program, University of Wisconsin-Madison School of Medicine
KENNETH W. KIZER, Professor and Chair,
Departments of Community and International Health, School of Medicine, University of California, Davis
KEVIN J. LYONS,
Associate Dean and Director,
Center for Collaborative Research, College of Allied Health Sciences, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia
ALBERT G. MULLEY, Chief,
General Internal Medicine Unit, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston
DONALD M. STEINWACHS,* Chair and Professor,
Department of Health Policy and Management, Johns Hopkins University School of Hygiene and Public Health
BAILUS WALKER, JR.,* Professor of Environmental and Occupational Medicine,
Department of Community Health and Family Practice, Howard University College of Medicine
Study Staff
SUSAN THAUL,
Study Director
KATHLEEN N. LOHR,
Director,
Division of Health Care Services
KAREN AUTREY,
Project Assistant
SUSAN KNASIAK,
Project Assistant
DOROTHY MAJEWSKI,
Project Assistant
* |
Member, Institute of Medicine |