B Acronyms
ABC—
airway-breathing-circulation
ACEP—
American College of Emergency Physicians
ACTH—
adrenal corticotropin hormone
ADH—
anti-diuretic hormone
ADP—
adenosine diphosphate
AMP—
adenosine monophosphate
APACHE—
acute physiology and chronic health evaluation
APAF- 1—
apoptosis-activating factor 1
AP 1—
activator protein 1
ARDS—
acute respiratory distress syndrome
ATLS®—
Advanced Trauma Life Support®
ATP—
adenosine triphosphate
ATPase—
adenosine triphosphatase
BTLS—
basic trauma life support
c-Fos—
protein
c-Jun—
protein
ced C.elegens—
death gene
Ca2+—
calcium
CD—
family of leukocyte adhesion molecules
cGMP—
cyclic guanosine monophosphate
CINC—
cytokine-induced chemoattractant
CNS—
central nervous system
CO2—
carbon dioxide
CPP32—
caspase 3
CPR—
cardiopulmonary resuscitation
CRADD—
a novel human apoptotic adaptor molecule for caspase-2
DCLHb—
diaspirin cross-linked hemoglobin
DFO—
desferoxamine
DHEA—
dihydroepiandrosterone
DIC—
disseminated intravascular coagulation
DNA—
deoxyribonucleic acid
DNase—
dioxyribonuclease
ECF—
extracellular fluid
eIF—
eukaryotic initiation factor
EKG—
electrocardiogram
EMS—
emergency medical services
eNOS—
endothelial nitric oxide synthase
EPR—
electron paramagnetic resonance
ER—
endoplasmic reticulum
FACS—
flow cytometry
FADD—
Fas-associated death domain
FDA—
U.S. Food and Drug Administration
Fe3+—
iron
FKBP12—
FK-binding protein
FLICE—
alternate name for caspase-8
GCSF—
granulocyte colony-stimulating factor
GCN2—
an eIF2α kinase
GSSH—
oxidized glutathione
H2—
hydrogen
H2O—
water
HES—
hydroxyethyl starch
HIV—
human immunodeficiency virus
HRI—
hemin regulated inhibitor
HSD—
hypertonic saline dextran
HTLV—
human T-cell leukemia virus
ICAM-1—
intracellular adhesion molecule 1
ICAM-2—
intracellular adhesion molecule 2
ICU—
intensive care unit
IGF—
insulin-like growth factor
IL—
interleukin
iNOS—
inducible NO synthase
IOM—
Institute of Medicine
IP-3—
inositol triphosphate
IP-3R—
inositol triphosphate receptors
IRES—
internal ribosome entry site
IRR—
insulin receptor-related receptor
IRS-1—
insulin-receptor substrate-1
ISS—
injury severity score
IV—
intravenous
K+—
potassium
K ATP
potassium-adenosine triphosphate
kDa—
kilodalton
kg—
kilogram
LD50—
fifty percent lethal dose
LMA—
intubating laryngeal mask airway
M—
molar
MEG—
mercaptoethylguanidine
meq—
milliequivalents
ml—
milliliters
mmHG—
millimeters of mercury
MODS—
multiple-organ dysfunction syndrome
MORT1—
a human protein that binds to the death domain of FAS/APO1 and induces apoptosis.
mosM—
milliosmolar
m7GTP—
where GTP is guanosine triphosphate
mRNA—
messenger ribonucleic acid
MTLS—
military trauma life support
mV—
millivolts
ρM—
micromolar
Na+—
sodium
NAD—
nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide
NADPH—
reduced nicotinamide adeninedinucleotide phosphate
NAS—
National Academy of Sciences
NEDD 2—
alternate name for caspase-2
NFκB—
nuclear factor κB
NO—
nitric oxide
NOS2—
inflammatory NO synthase
NRC—
National Research Council
NVC18
O2—
oxygen
OH—
hydroxide ion
p53—
p53 gene
PARP—
poly(ADP ribose)polymerase
PARS—
poly(ADP ribose)synthase
PHTLS—
pre-hospital trauma life support
PKA—
protein kinase A
PKR—
protein kinase
PNA—
polynitroxyl human serum albumin
PP—
phosphatase
RES—
reticuloendothelial system
RTS—
revised trauma score
RyR—
ryanodine receptor
ser-51—
serine at position 51
SH—
src homology
SOD—
superoxide dismutase
STAT-3—
signal transducer and activator of transcription
TNF-α—
tumor necrosis factor alpha
TNFR—
Tumor necrosis factor receptor
tRNA—
transfer ribonucleic acid
TRISS—
trauma injury severity score