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PAPERBACK list:$28.00 Web:$25.20 add to cart Rights & Permissions Free PDF Access Free Resources Sign in to download PDF book and chapters PDF EXECUTIVE SUMMARY Display this book on your site! Related Titles Review of Acute Human-Toxicity Estimates for Selected Chemical-Warfare Agents Risk Assessment and Management at Deseret Chemical Depot and the Tooele Chemical Agent Disposal Facility Other Related Titles Carbon Filtration for Reducing Emissions from Chemical Agent Incineration (1999) Commission on Engineering and Technical Systems (CETS) Web Search Builder Use this book's key terms to search within this book, across our collection, or across the Web. Skim This Chapter Skim this chapter and use this chapter's key terms to search within this book. Reference Finder Paste in your own text to find books that relate to your topic. Page 70   E-mail  Facebook  Digg  Stumble  Twitter More The following HTML text is provided to enhance online readability. Many aspects of typography translate only awkwardly to HTML. Please use the page image as the authoritative form to ensure accuracy. Appendix C Commercial Application of Carbon Bed Filters to Combustion Sources Carbon bed filters are widely used in the chemical processing industry to recover low-concentration chemicals from dilute gas streams. They are also used to control volatile organic emissions from production processes, like rotogravure printing and fiberglass and plastics forming. In the mid-1980s, carbon bed filters were first used in large combustion sources, like coal-fired utility boilers, hazardous waste incinerators, and municipal waste combustors, to polish effluent-gas streams. They are used to remove residual sulfur dioxide and hydrogen chloride, mercury, organic solvents, and semivolatile organics like dioxins and furans from exhaust-gas streams. Testing indicates that the depth-filter function of the activated carbon fill separates metals and organics associated with solid particulates. Table C-1 is a partial listing of commercial activated TABLE C-1 Partial List of Activated Carbon Bed Filter Installations Location Type of Facility/Incinerator Number and Capacity of Filters Start-up Year Lausward, Dusseldorf, FRG coal power plant 8 × 250,000 nm3/h 1989 Flingern, Dusseldorf, FRG coal power plant 2 × 250,000 nm3/h 1989 Garth, Dusseldorf, FRG coal power plant 1 × 65,000 nm3/h 1988 Energiever Sorgung Oberfranken, coal power plant 1 × 650,000 nm3/h 1990 Arzberg, FRG   1 × 45,000 nm3/h 1989 Hoechst, Hoescht, FRG coal power plant 1 × 1,330,000 nm3/h 1990 Zavin-Dordrecht, NL medical waste 1 × 13,750 sm3/h 1991 Universitastsheizwerk, Heidelberg, FRG medical waste 2 × 6,500 sm3/h 1991 AVR Chemi, NL chemical waste 1 × 77,000 sm3/h 1992 AVT-Rotterdam, NL municipal waste 6 × 155,000 sm3/h 1992/93a RWE-Energle, Essen, FRG municipal waste 4 × 168,000 sm3/h 1995 WAV, Wels, Austria municipal waste 1 × 55,000 sm3/h 1995 RHE, Mannheim, FRG municipal waste 2 × 206,000 sm3/h 1995 RZR Herten, AGR Essen, FRG industrial waste 2 × 70,000 sm3/h 1991/96a AVI ROTEB, Rotterdam, NL municipal waste 4 × 75,000 sm3/h 1993 Rozenburg, DTO-8, AVR Chemi Rotterdam, NL hazardous waste 1 × 70,000 sm3/h 1994 MVA Neu-Ulm, FRG municipal waste 2 × 57,000 sm3/h 1996 MVA Stapelfeld, Hamburg, FRG municipal waste 2 × 120,000 sm3/h 1996 MHKW Kassel, FRG municipal waste 2 × 70,000 sm3/h 1996 AEZ Kreis Wesel, FRG municipal waste 2 × 70,000 sm3/h 1996 HKW Nord MK4, Mannheim, FRG municipal waste 1 × 195,000 sm3/h 1997 RVA Bohlen, FRG hazardous waste 1 × 40,000 sm3/h 1998 MVA Koln, FRG municipal waste 4 × 95,000 sm3/h 1998 a Multiple start-up years indicate plant expansions. Page 70 Front Matter (R1-R14) Executive Summary (1-5) 1 Introduction and Background (6-10) 2 Trace Gaseous Emissions from Agent Incineration (11-19) 3 Controlling Trace Organics with Passive Activated Carbon Filters (20-30) 4 Facility Design with a Carbon Filter System (31-39) 5 Risk Assessments and Change Management: An Evaluation of the Army's Decision-Making Process (40-48) 6 Findings and Recommendations (49-51) References (52-54) Appendix A Reports of the Committee on Review and Evaluation of the Army Chemical Stockpile Disposal Program (Stockpile Committee) (55-57) Appendix B Consolidated Exhaust Gas Characteristics for the JACADS and TOCDF Baseline Incineration Systems (58-69) Appendix C Commercial Application of Carbon Bed Filters to Combustion Sources (70-71) Appendix D Theoretical Modeling of Adsorption (72-79) Appendix E Adsorption Separations: Alternative Modes of Operation (80-81) Appendix F Alternative Flue Gas Cleaning Systems for Substances of Potential Concern (82-83) Appendix G Biographical Sketches of Committee Members (84-87)

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Carbon Filtration for Reducing Emissions from Chemical Agent Incineration Appendix C Commercial Application of Carbon Bed Filters to Combustion Sources Carbon bed filters are widely used in the chemical processing industry to recover low-concentration chemicals from dilute gas streams. They are also used to control volatile organic emissions from production processes, like rotogravure printing and fiberglass and plastics forming. In the mid-1980s, carbon bed filters were first used in large combustion sources, like coal-fired utility boilers, hazardous waste incinerators, and municipal waste combustors, to polish effluent-gas streams. They are used to remove residual sulfur dioxide and hydrogen chloride, mercury, organic solvents, and semivolatile organics like dioxins and furans from exhaust-gas streams. Testing indicates that the depth-filter function of the activated carbon fill separates metals and organics associated with solid particulates. Table C-1 is a partial listing of commercial activated TABLE C-1 Partial List of Activated Carbon Bed Filter Installations Location Type of Facility/Incinerator Number and Capacity of Filters Start-up Year Lausward, Dusseldorf, FRG coal power plant 8 × 250,000 nm3/h 1989 Flingern, Dusseldorf, FRG coal power plant 2 × 250,000 nm3/h 1989 Garth, Dusseldorf, FRG coal power plant 1 × 65,000 nm3/h 1988 Energiever Sorgung Oberfranken, coal power plant 1 × 650,000 nm3/h 1990 Arzberg, FRG   1 × 45,000 nm3/h 1989 Hoechst, Hoescht, FRG coal power plant 1 × 1,330,000 nm3/h 1990 Zavin-Dordrecht, NL medical waste 1 × 13,750 sm3/h 1991 Universitastsheizwerk, Heidelberg, FRG medical waste 2 × 6,500 sm3/h 1991 AVR Chemi, NL chemical waste 1 × 77,000 sm3/h 1992 AVT-Rotterdam, NL municipal waste 6 × 155,000 sm3/h 1992/93a RWE-Energle, Essen, FRG municipal waste 4 × 168,000 sm3/h 1995 WAV, Wels, Austria municipal waste 1 × 55,000 sm3/h 1995 RHE, Mannheim, FRG municipal waste 2 × 206,000 sm3/h 1995 RZR Herten, AGR Essen, FRG industrial waste 2 × 70,000 sm3/h 1991/96a AVI ROTEB, Rotterdam, NL municipal waste 4 × 75,000 sm3/h 1993 Rozenburg, DTO-8, AVR Chemi Rotterdam, NL hazardous waste 1 × 70,000 sm3/h 1994 MVA Neu-Ulm, FRG municipal waste 2 × 57,000 sm3/h 1996 MVA Stapelfeld, Hamburg, FRG municipal waste 2 × 120,000 sm3/h 1996 MHKW Kassel, FRG municipal waste 2 × 70,000 sm3/h 1996 AEZ Kreis Wesel, FRG municipal waste 2 × 70,000 sm3/h 1996 HKW Nord MK4, Mannheim, FRG municipal waste 1 × 195,000 sm3/h 1997 RVA Bohlen, FRG hazardous waste 1 × 40,000 sm3/h 1998 MVA Koln, FRG municipal waste 4 × 95,000 sm3/h 1998 a Multiple start-up years indicate plant expansions.

OCR for page 71
Carbon Filtration for Reducing Emissions from Chemical Agent Incineration TABLE C-2 Performance of Activated Carbon Bed Filters SOPC Control Efficiency (%) Detection Limit Mercury 90-99.9   Particulates ~100 < 1 mg/dnm3 @ 11% O2 Metals ~100 < 2-200 μg/dnm3 @ 11% O2 SO2/HCl ~100 < 2-6 mg/dnm3 @ 11% O2 Dioxins/furans 99-99.9+   Polychlorinated phenols 94.7-99.9   Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons 61.7-97.9   Total hydrocarbons 41.7-96.2   Polychlorinated chlorobenzenes 97.5-9+   carbon bed filters. The list includes 22 facilities and 52 carbon bed filters. Capacities range from about a quarter of the size needed for individual baseline system incineration units to more than 50 times the required capacity. The published emissions control performance for activated carbon bed filters is summarized in Table C-2. Removal efficiencies are reported as greater than a specified percentage because the outlet concentrations are below the detection limits for existing measurement techniques.

Representative terms from entire chapter:

bed filters