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Johnson and Bootman, 1995
Drug-related morbidity and mortality
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A probability pathway model was developed for drug-related morbidity and mortality based primarily on drug-related problems (DRPs). A panel of experts gave estimates on the numbers of patients affected by DRPs and monetary value data were taken from published reports and statistical reports.
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Telephone survey of 15 expert practicing pharmacists.
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Schneider et al., 1995
Cost of medication-related problems at a university hospital
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109 patients at a universityaffiliated medical center hospital who were known to have had clinical consequences from an adverse drug reaction (ADR) or medication error.
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Retrospective chart review.
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Bloom, 1988
Cost of treating arthritis and NSAID-related gastrointestinal side-effects
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Retrospective analysis of all direct costs related to the care of 527 Medicaid recipients treated for arthritis with non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) between December 1,1981 and November 30, 1983.
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Medicaid Management Information System of Washington, D.C.
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