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OCR for page 200
Glossary
Acellular or hypocellular specimen: A specimen that contains no
cells or has fewer cells than normal, such as when using a
f~ne-needle aspiration.
Activity: The amount of a radioactive nuclide in a particular energy
state at a given time. Units of activity are becquere! (Bq)
and curie (Ci); ~ Ci = 3.7 x 10~° disintegrations per second,
and ~ Bq = ~ disintegration per second.
Acute release: An instantaneous release into the environment,
similar to a puff of radioactivity.
Ascertainment bias: Systematic error due to a difference in
characteristics between those who choose to participate in a
study and those who do not.
Attenuation': In statistics, a bias in a study in which the estimated
strength of an observed dose response tends to be lower
than the true dose response. Attenuation is expected in a
dose-response study in which exposure is estimated with
error under the classical measurement-error model.
200
Representative terms from entire chapter:
radioactive nuclide