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The following HTML text is provided to enhance online readability. Many aspects of typography translate only awkwardly to HTML. Please use the page image as the authoritative form to ensure accuracy. Page ii NOTICE: The project that is the subject of this report was approved by the Governing Board of the National Research Council, whose members are drawn from the councils of the National Academy of Sciences, the National Academy of Engineering, and the Institute of Medicine. The members of the committee responsible for the report were chosen for their special competences and with regard for appropriate balance. Support for this project was provided by the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration under Contract No. 50-DKNA-7-90052 and by Alcoa. Any opinions, findings, and conclusions or recommendations expressed in this publication are those of the author(s) and do not necessarily reflect the views of the NOAA or any of its sub-agencies or of Alcoa. International Standard Book Number 0-309-06891-6 Additional copies of this report are available from: National Academy Press Cover: Surface and lower to mid-tropospheric temperature trends for the period 1979–1998. The surface data (left panel) are comprised of surface air temperature over land and the temperature of water at the ocean's surface, and have been subjected to a slight additional smoothing to simplify the pattern (Jones et al., 1999). The lower to mid-tropospheric data (right panel) are derived from satellite observations from the Microwave Sounding Unit Channel 2 (the so-called "MSU 2LT") (Christy et al., 2000). For both datasets, the trends are computed using the method of ordinary least squares. The color key is the same as in Figure 6.2. The map views on the front cover are centered at 30° N and 110° W and the views on the back cover are centered at 30° S and 70° E. For the globe as a whole (see Figures 6.2 and 7.1 inside), warming has been prevalent at the earth's surface, but much less so in the lower to mid-troposphere. Copyright 2000 by the National Academy of Sciences. All rights reserved. Printed in the United States of America First Printing, January 2000
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