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Adding Value to the Facility Acquisition Process: BEST PRACTICES FOR REVIEWING FACILITY DESIGNS
Adding Value to the Facility Acquisition Process
BEST PRACTICES FOR REVIEWING FACILITY DESIGNSAuthored by
Ralph S. Spillingerin conjunction with the
Federal Facilities Council Standing Committee on Organizational Performance and Metrics
Federal Facilities Council Technical Report #139
NATIONAL ACADEMY PRESS
Washington, D.C.
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Adding Value to the Facility Acquisition Process: BEST PRACTICES FOR REVIEWING FACILITY DESIGNS
NOTICE: The Federal Facilities Council (FFC) (formerly the Federal Construction Council) is a continuing activity of the Board on Infrastructure and the Constructed Environment of the National Research Council (NRC). The purpose of the FFC is to promote continuing cooperation among the sponsoring federal agencies and between the agencies and other elements of the building community in order to advance building science and technology(particularly with regard to the design, construction, acquisition, evaluation, and operation of federal facilities. The following FFC-sponsor agencies provided funding for this study:
Department of the Air Force, Office of the Civil Engineer
Department of the Air Force, Air National Guard
Department of the Army, Assistant Chief of Staff for Installation Management
Department of Energy, Office of Field Management
Department of the Navy, Naval Facilities Engineering Command
Department of State, Office of Foreign Buildings Operations
Department of Veterans Affairs, Office of Facilities Management
Food and Drug Administration
General Services Administration, Public Buildings Service
Indian Health Service
International Broadcasting Bureau
National Aeronautics and Space Administration, Facilities Engineering Division
National Institutes of Health
National Institute of Standards and Technology, Building and Fire Research Laboratory
National Science Foundation
Smithsonian Institution, Office of Facilities Services
U.S. Postal Service
As part of its activities, the FFC periodically publishes reports that have been prepared by committees of government employees. Because these committees are not appointed by the NRC, they do not make recommendations, and their reports are considered FFC publications rather than NRC publications.
For additional information on the FFC program or FFC reports, please write to: Director, Federal Facilities Council, Board on Infrastructure and the Constructed Environment, 2101 Constitution Avenue, N.W., HA-274, Washington, D.C. 20418 or call 202-334-3374.
Printed in the United States of America
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Adding Value to the Facility Acquisition Process: BEST PRACTICES FOR REVIEWING FACILITY DESIGNS
FEDERAL FACILITIES COUNCIL STANDING COMMITTEE ON ORGANIZATIONAL PERFORMANCE AND METRICS 1997–1999
COMMITTEE CHAIRS
Tom Hodges, Co-Chair 1998–1999,
Office of Foreign Buildings Operations, U.S. Department of State
William May, Chair 1997–1998,
Advanced Broadcasting Technologies, International Broadcasting Bureau
William Stamper, Co-Chair 1998–1999,
Facilities Engineering Division, National Aeronautics and Space Administration
COMMITTEE MEMBERS
James Bartlett, Jr.,
Naval Facilities Engineering Command, Department of the Navy
Wade Belcher,
Public Buildings Service, General Services Administration
Mark Bellis,
Naval Facilities Engineering Command, Department of the Navy
Robert Bowen,
Office of Facilities Management, Department of Veterans Affairs
George Braun,
Headquarters, Army Corps of Engineers
Hallet Brazelton,
Air National Guard, Department of the Air Force
Tony Clifford,
Division of Engineering Services, National Institutes of Health
William Copeland,
Air National Guard, Department of the Air Force
David Eakin,
Public Buildings Service, General Services Administration
Jon Erikson,
Network Engineering, International Broadcasting Bureau
Jerome Frostman,
Program Planning and Coordination Service, Department of Veterans Affairs
Howard Hochman,
Division of Engineering Services, National Institutes of Health
Peter Johnson,
Public Buildings Service, General Services Administration
Stanley Kaczmarczyk,
Office of Governmentwide Policy, General Services Administration
Mary Kfoury,
Office of Physical Plant, Smithsonian Institution
Kurt Knight,
Consulting Support Office, Department of Veterans Affairs
William Lowe,
Program Development Branch, Indian Health Service
William Morrison,
Air National Guard, Department of the Air Force
Mark Prahl,
Network Engineering, International Broadcasting Bureau
Richard Rothblum,
Office of Foreign Buildings Operations, U.S. Department of State
Edward Tarasovich,
Office of Facilities Management, Department of Veterans Affairs
Terry Ulsh,
Naval Facilities Engineering Command, Department of the Navy
Carolyn Wilber,
Naval Facilities Engineering Command, Department of the Navy
Ray Willcocks,
Air National Guard, Department of the Air Force
FEDERAL FACILITIES COUNCIL STAFF
Lynda Stanley, Director
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Adding Value to the Facility Acquisition Process: BEST PRACTICES FOR REVIEWING FACILITY DESIGNS
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Adding Value to the Facility Acquisition Process: BEST PRACTICES FOR REVIEWING FACILITY DESIGNS
Contents
Executive Summary
1
1
Introduction
4
Background,
4
Defining Design Review,
5
Study Purpose and Objective,
5
How the Study Was Conducted,
6
Organization of the Report,
6
2
Facility Acquisition Practices and Industry Trends
8
Facility Acquisition Process,
8
A Brief History,
9
Downsizing of Facility Engineering Organizations,
10
Trends in Project Cost and Schedule,
11
Contracting Methods,
12
Teamwork and Collaborative Processes,
17
Owner as a “Smart Buyer,”
18
Conceptual or Advance Planning,
18
Cost Implications of Facility Acquisition Practices,
19
Benchmarking and Metrics,
20
Technology and Design Review,
21
Effective Design Review Processes: Conclusions,
22
3
Design Review Practices in Federal Agencies
24
Downsizing of Federal Facilities Engineering Organizations,
24
Design Review-Related Trends in Nine Federal Agencies,
25
Summary of Questionnaire Responses,
37
Interesting Initiatives,
39
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Adding Value to the Facility Acquisition Process: BEST PRACTICES FOR REVIEWING FACILITY DESIGNS
4
Best Practices for Reviewing Facility Designs
41
Best Practices,
43
Opportunities for Follow-On Study,
46
Appendix A: Record of Interviews
51
Appendix B: Literature Search Abstracts
53
Appendix C: Benchmarking Design Review Process Questionnaire, Parts 1 and 2
66
Appendix D: Biography of the Author
78
Appendix E: Bibliography
79
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Adding Value to the Facility Acquisition Process: BEST PRACTICES FOR REVIEWING FACILITY DESIGNS
Adding Value to the Facility Acquisition Process
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Adding Value to the Facility Acquisition Process: BEST PRACTICES FOR REVIEWING FACILITY DESIGNS