TABLE 6-4 Vitamin E Content in Human Milk
|
Reference |
Vitamin E Content in Milk (mg/L ± SDa) |
Stage of Lactation |
|
Kobayashi et al., 1975 |
7.8 (total tocopherol) 2.0 (total tocopherol) 1.8 (total tocopherol) |
Days 2–7 Days 10–15 Days 30–39 |
|
Jansson et al., 1981 |
23.0 ± 12.6 (α-tocopherol) 10.4 ± 4.2 (α-tocopherol) 7.2 ± 3.9 (α-tocopherol) |
Day 4 Days 6–10 Day 12–5th mo |
|
Thomas et al., 1981c |
20.4 ± 7.9 13.4 ± 3.9 10.2 ± 3.4 8.8 ± 2.2 9.5 ± 3.6 8.5 ± 3.6 |
Day 3 Day 9 Day 15 Day 21 Day 27 Day 33 |
|
Chappell et al., 1985c |
15 7 5 3.5 3 |
Days 1–6 Day 7 2 wk 4 wk 5 wk |
|
Lammi-Keefe et al., 1985 |
6.7 ± 0.5 (α-tocopherol) 4.0 ± 0.6 (α-tocopherol) 3.7 ± 0.5 (α-tocopherol) 3.7 ± 0.6 (α-tocopherol) |
2 wk 6 wk 12 wk 16 wk |
|
Ali et al., 1986 |
6.8 6.5 1.0–5.8 |
Day 1 Day 12 Days 1–12 |
|
Lammi-Keefe et al., 1990 |
2.3 (α-tocopherol) 0.85 (γ-tocopherol) |
8 wk |
|
Boersma et al., 1991 |
22 ± 14 (α-TEd) 14 ± 8 (α-TE) 8 ± 5 (α-TE) |
Colostrum (0–4 d) Transitional (5–9 d) Mature (10 and 30 d) |
|
a SD = standard deviation. b HPLC = high-performance liquid chromatography. |
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