Dietary Reference Intakes for Vitamin C, Vitamin E, Selenium, and Carotenoids

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Dietary Reference Intakes for Vitamin C, Vitamin E, Selenium, and Carotenoids (2000)
Institute of Medicine (IOM)

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. "2 Vitamin C, Vitamin E, Selenium, and •-Carotene and Other Carotenoids: Overview, Antioxidant Definition, and Relationship to Chronic Disease." Dietary Reference Intakes for Vitamin C, Vitamin E, Selenium, and Carotenoids. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press, 2000.

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DRI DIETARY REFERENCE INTAKES FOR Vitamin C, Vitamin E, Selenium, and Carotenoids

TABLE 2-1

Study	Country	Study Type^a	Study Population
Women's Antioxidant Cardiovascular Study (Manson et al., 1995)	U.S.	Secondary prevention; randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled intervention	8,000 women with prior CVD event or ≥3 coronary risk factors, aged ≥40 y
Women's Health Study (Buring and Hennekens, 1992)	U.S.	Primary prevention; randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled intervention	39,876 healthy women, aged ≥45 y
Physician's Health Study II (Hennekens, 1998)	U.S.	Primary prevention; randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled intervention	15,000 healthy male physicians, aged ≥55 y
SUVIMAX (Hercberg et al., 1998)	France	Primary prevention; randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled intervention	12,735 men and women, aged 35–60 y
^a A primary prevention trial is one in which the study participants have no history of the disease outcome being investigated. Participants in a secondary prevention trial have had a prior occurrence of the outcome being investigated. ^b Unless noted otherwise, results are statistically significant. ^c U.S. = United States. ^d CVD = cardiovascular disease.

task was to select, in addition to vitamin C, vitamin E, and β-carotene, other food components which might prove to be antioxidants and play a role in health; the third task was to assess the role of these compounds in health; and the fourth task was to develop Dietary Reference Intakes (DRIs) for the selected nutrients. The panel was asked to evaluate vitamin C, vitamin E, and β-carotene and other antioxidants. Since other dietary carotenoids share many,