• Understand measurable attributes of objects and the units, systems, and processes of measurement;

• Apply appropriate techniques, tools, and formulas to determine measurements.

Instructional programs from prekindergarten through grade 12 should enable all students to—

• Formulate questions that can be addressed with data and collect, organize, and display relevant data to answer them;

• Select and use appropriate statistical methods to analyze data;

• Develop and evaluate inferences and predictions that are based on data;

• Understand and apply basic concepts of probability.

Instructional programs from prekindergarten through grade 12 should enable all students to—

• Build new mathematical knowledge through problem solving;

• Solve problems that arise in mathematics and in other contexts;

• Apply and adapt a variety of appropriate strategies to solve problems;

• Monitor and reflect on the process of mathematical problem solving.

Instructional programs from prekindergarten through grade 12 should enable all students to—

• Recognize reasoning and proof as fundamental aspects of mathematics;

• Make and investigate mathematical conjectures;

• Develop and evaluate mathematical arguments and proofs;

• Select and use various types of reasoning and methods of proof.

Instructional programs from prekindergarten through grade 12 should enable all students to—

• Organize and consolidate their mathematical thinking through communication;

• Communicate their mathematical thinking coherently and clearly to peers, teachers, and others;

• Analyze and evaluate the mathematical thinking and strategies of others;

• Use the language of mathematics to express mathematical ideas precisely.