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Suggested Citation:"Index." National Research Council. 2001. Educating Teachers of Science, Mathematics, and Technology: New Practices for the New Millennium. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/9832.
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Index

A

Accountability

benchmarks, 31, 17, 31, 32, 66, 119

colleges and universities, 8, 17;

see also Accreditation, institutions

students, 86

teachers, 113, 122-123

Accreditation, institutions, 32, 35, 88, 106, 117, 185

defined, 185

Acoustical Society of America, 129

Administrators and administration, 6-7, 82, 88

attitudes toward profession, 40-41

collaborative partnerships, involvement in, 76, 79, 83, 92(n.1)

institutional integration, 8, 76, 79, 88

out-of-field teachers hired by, 82

Professional Development Schools, 76, 79

salaries, 3

teacher support by, 40, 159-161

Age factors, pedagogical content knowledge defined, 189

see also Grade-level factors;

Life-long learning

Algebra, 50(n2), 151

Alternative teacher education/certification programs, 23, 37-38, 51-52, 61-62, 107

Alverno College, 164-165

American Association for the Advancement of Science, 170

Benchmarks for Science Literacy, 17, 32

content preparation, 20

Project 2061, 16-17, 66

American Association of Community Colleges, 93

American Association of Physics Teachers, 129

American Astronomical Society, 129

American College Testing program, 48

American Council on Education, 66, 74-75, 85, 93, 123

American Educational Research Association, 122(n.3)

American Federation of Teachers, 57

American Institute of Physics, 51(n.5), 129

American Physical Society, 129

Analogies, 64, 157, 188

Assessment, see Accountability;

Accreditation, institutions;

Benchmarks;

Evaluation of students;

Evaluation of teachers;

Licensing and certification;

Standards

Association for the Education of Teachers of Science, 5, 66

Association of American Universities, 85, 93, 122(n.4)

Attitudes

of administrators toward profession, 40-41

parental, 39-40

of students, 69, 83, 155-156

about teacher education, 22, 28, 35

of teachers, 11(n.5), 19-20, 40, 67, 69-70, 81, 95-96, 154

about teaching as telling, 23

see also Motivation;

Public opinion

Suggested Citation:"Index." National Research Council. 2001. Educating Teachers of Science, Mathematics, and Technology: New Practices for the New Millennium. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/9832.
×

B

Background factors

students, 24, 25, 39, 69, 146, 155, 156

teachers, 48, 49, 100, 192

see also Socioeconomic status

Beginning teachers, see Induction phase

Beginning Teacher Support and Assessment Project, 92(n.1)

Benchmarks, 17, 31, 32, 119

Project 2061, 16-17, 66

Benchmarks for Science Literacy, 17, 32

Biology, 61, 148, 149

Boston Plan for Excellence in the Public Schools, 160-161

C

California, 63, 72

California Beginning Teacher Support and Assessment System, 159

California Commission on Teacher Credentialing, 92(n.1)

California Learning Assessment System, 63

California State University, 175

Career-long professional development, 5, 7, 10, 16, 19, 23-24, 28, 37, 67, 75, 88, 108, 109, 114(n.1), 144

Carolina Teacher Performance Assessment System, 50

Center for Teaching Excellence (University of Kansas), 121(n.2)

Cerritos College, 175-176

Certification, see Accreditation, institutions;

Licensing and certification

China, 62-63

Clark University-Worcester Public Schools, 165-166

Class size, 45, 48, 72

Clinical schools and training, 7, 19, 22, 75, 161, 162, 166

see also Practicum experiences

Cognitively Guided Instruction, 64

Collaborations and partnerships, see Partnerships and collaborations

Collaboratives for Excellence in Teacher Preparation, 173

Colleges and universities, xiv, 2, 5, 10, 11-12, 41, 42, 45, 74-75, 109, 111-112, 116-128

accountability, 8, 17

accreditation, 32, 35, 88, 106, 117, 185

advisors, 35, 116-117

career advising, 35, 116-117

certification of teachers, 96, 116-117

curriculum development, 78, 95

lower division courses, 95, 120, 121-122

defined, 187-188

partnerships, x, xiv, 8-10, 11, 19, 22, 28, 43, 74, 75, 81, 82-83, 87-108 (passim), 109, 111, 112, 116-117, 118, 119, 123-128, 129, 161, 164-176

beginning teachers, induction assistance, 91, 92(n.1), 96, 107

clinical schools and training, 7, 19, 22, 75, 161, 162, 166

information technology, 98, 103

inservice education, 76, 87, 88, 89, 91, 94, 97, 98-99, 100-103, 107, 126-128, 161

post-graduate programs, 98, 170

preservice education, 88, 92-97 (passim), 107, 164-176

Professional Development Schools (PDS), 5-6, 22, 75-79, 81, 166-167, 169-170

standards, 100-101, 174

pedagogy, 11-12, 23, 118, 119, 175

professors, selection criteria, 23

professors, tenure and promotion, 105, 106

Project 2061, 66

reform movement, general, 17, 19, 20, 22, 85

research by, 12, 43, 111, 121-122

standards, 17, 35-36, 100-101, 174;

see also “accreditation” supra

see also Community colleges;

Post-graduate programs;

Preservice education;

Professional development;

Teacher educators

Colorado, 56

Colorado College, 170

Columbia University, 8(n.3)

Community colleges, x, xiv, 93, 94, 124, 173-175, 176

recruitment and retention, 93, 173-174, 176

see also Colleges and universities

Computer technology, see Information technology;

Internet

Conceptual understanding, 68

defined, 186

inquiry-based education, 21

Suggested Citation:"Index." National Research Council. 2001. Educating Teachers of Science, Mathematics, and Technology: New Practices for the New Millennium. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/9832.
×

partnerships, 7, 83

pedagogical content knowledge defined, 189

student misconceptions, 61

teacher educators and education, 32, 60, 68

teachers, general, 59, 60, 61, 62(n.13), 119, 148

teachers, international comparisons, 54

teacher standards, 58

teaching as telling vs, 192

see also Preconceptions

Concerns-Based Adoption Model, xvii

Conference Board of the Mathematical Sciences, 5, 56

Content knowledge, general, 18, 35, 68-69

alternative teacher education programs, 23, 61-62

career-long education, 10, 67

endorsement of teachers, 186

grade-level factors, ix, 55-56, 60, 80, 118, 119-120

inservice education, 33, 63, 64, 65, 123, 145

international perspectives, 54, 62-63

lacking among teachers, 2, 33

memorization, 26, 61, 119;

see also Teaching as telling

out-of-field teaching, 50-53, 54, 72, 79, 82, 188

parental attitudes, 39-40

partnerships, 88, 95, 96

pedagogical content knowledge, ix, 11-12, 60, 64, 67, 118

defined, 188-189

preservice education, 49-65 (passim), 79-81, 118, 119-120, 145

problem solving and teacher content knowledge, 60, 62(n.13), 63

reform of content, xiii, xv, 1-2, 17-18, 20

scientists and engineers, 8, 70

standards, 1(n.1), 2, 5, 17-18, 19, 23, 24, 30(n.1), 31, 55-59, 69, 70, 119-120, 143, 144, 145, 148-153

state standards for teacher education, 3, 5, 17-18, 19, 23, 33, 34, 56-57

curriculum frameworks, 17-18, 25-26, 31, 63, 160, 174-175

teacher input into content development, 39, 52, 59, 60, 61, 63, 64

teachers lacking, 31

out-of-field teaching, 50-52, 54, 72, 79, 82, 188

teacher quality and student achievement, 49-65

teaching as telling and, 10, 23, 24, 27, 192

teaching practice, defined, 192

see also Curriculum development

Content specialists, 4, 55, 69, 79-80

defined, 186

Chinese vs U.S., 62-63

master teachers, 39, 91, 96, 97, 107, 124, 126, 127, 188;

see also Mentoring

professional societies role, 80, 118-119

recruitment and retention, 80, 111

Continuing education, see Inservice education

Council of Basic Education, 18

Council of Chief State School Officers, see Interstate New Teacher Assessment and Support Consortium

Council of Scientific Society of Presidents, 130

Council of the Great City Colleges, 37(n.4)

Council of the Great City Schools, 37(n.4)

Credentialing, general, 175

national consensus, 34, 115-116

out-of-field teaching, 50, 188

professors, selection criteria, 23

professors, tenure and promotion, 105, 106

teachers, 18, 37-38, 101

see also Accreditation, institutions;

Licensing and certification;

teachers, other” under Standards

Cultural factors, 62-63, 146

culture of education, 43, 101-102, 123, 145, 160

partnerships, 43, 101-102

professional training requirements, attitudes toward, 15-16, 22-23

student background, 25, 69

see also Public opinion

Current practices, x, xiv, 1-3, 7, 18, 28, 41, 46

partnerships vs, xv, 76, 108

practicum experiences, 18

Professional Development Schools and, 76

see also Reform of education

Curriculum development, 70

master/mentor teachers, 188

partnerships, 77-78, 90, 91-92, 96, 98, 176

Professional Development Schools, 77-78

Project 2061, 66

standardized test achievement, 54

standards, 17-18, 25-26, 28, 147, 156

state curriculum frameworks, 17-18, 25-26, 31, 63, 160, 174-175

teacher content knowledge and, 61, 63, 64

teacher decision- and policy-making, 38-39, 96, 103, 147, 156, 160

teacher education, 19, 61, 63, 64, 77-78, 90, 91-92, 96, 98, 147, 156, 160

Suggested Citation:"Index." National Research Council. 2001. Educating Teachers of Science, Mathematics, and Technology: New Practices for the New Millennium. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/9832.
×

teacher quality and student achievement, 49, 61, 63

teacher teams, 77

see also Content knowledge

D

Databases, 12, 13, 47, 111, 112, 114-115, 116, 122, 128

Demographic factors

students, 24, 25, 39, 69, 146, 155, 156

teachers, 48, 49, 100, 192

see also Socioeconomic status

Department of Education, 16, 85, 122(n.3)

content specialists, 80

database of teaching jobs, 115

standards, 17

Descriptive Tests of Mathematics Skills, 50(n.4)

Designing Professional Development for Teachers of Science and Mathematics, xvii

Digest of Education Statistics, 38

Disabled students, 39, 168

see also Special education

Discipline, student, 23, 26

E

East Carolina University, 78

Economic factors, 11

career choice, general, 38

inservice education, 34, 37, 89, 98

partnerships, xv, 84, 88, 89, 92, 94, 95, 97, 98

student loans, 11, 110, 111, 113

see also Employment factors;

Funding;

Incentives;

Socioeconomic status;

Stipends;

Wages and salaries

Educational Testing Service, Praxis examinations, 2, 3, 31, 189-190

Education Trust, 44

Eisenhower Act for Improving Science and Mathematics Education, 99, 113-114, 172, 175

Elementary and Secondary Education Act, 113

Employment factors, teachers

databases, 115, 116

decision- and policy-making by teachers, 38-39, 96, 103, 147, 156, 161

hours of work, 62, 103, 108

internships, 191

job dissatisfaction, 11(n.5)

professors, selection criteria, 23

professors, tenure and promotion, 105, 106

unions, 6-7, 83

working conditions, 39, 40, 65, 82(n.4), 95-96, 108, 113

class size, 45, 48, 72

see also Interns and internships;

Licensing and certification;

Recruitment and retention;

Stipends;

Wages and salaries

Equipment, 40, 95, 98, 103-104

see also Laboratories

Ethnicity, see Race/ethnicity

Evaluation of students, general

national standards, 24, 25

partnerships, 97, 164, 165

self-assessment, 155

see also Standardized testing;

students” under Standards

Evaluation of teachers, general, 50, 68

examinations, other than Praxis examinations, 2, 8(n.3)

novice teachers, 92

partnerships, 92, 164

Praxis examinations, 2, 3, 31, 189-190

Professional Development Schools, 78

see also Licensing and certification;

Standards;

Teacher quality

Extra-curricular activities, 8(n.3)

F

Facilities, see Equipment;

Laboratories

Federal government, 110-112, 113, 116

databases, 114-115

partnerships, funding, 98-99

reform of education, 11, 85

see also Department of Education;

Funding

Feedback

inservice, 41, 50(n.3), 92, 144

preservice, 71, 76, 92, 164

Field experiences, students, 79, 95

Field experiences, teachers, 56, 68, 81, 104, 112, 161, 170, 171

alternative teacher education programs, 23

defined, 186-187

see also Interns and internships;

Practicum experiences

Suggested Citation:"Index." National Research Council. 2001. Educating Teachers of Science, Mathematics, and Technology: New Practices for the New Millennium. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/9832.
×

Flexner Report, 22

Foreign countries, see International perspectives;

specific countries

Funding, 11

committee study at hand, 27

equipment, 104

inservice education, 36, 73, 95, 98-99, 111, 113-114, 125, 162-163

internships, 125-126

mentor payments, 19, 162

partnerships, xv, 84, 88, 89, 92, 94, 95, 97, 98-99, 104-106, 110, 111, 113, 114, 162, 163, 172, 175-176

practicum experiences, 124, 125

preservice education, 89, 104-105, 125, 162, 175, 176

research on education, 92, 98, 122(n.3)

retention of teachers, 36, 89

state content standards and, 19

G

Geometry, 151

Georgia Southern University, 170-171

Germany, 54

Government role, see Federal government;

Funding;

Local government;

State government

Grade-level factors

content knowledge requirements, ix, 55-56, 60, 118, 119-120

content specialists, 80

defined, 55(n.10)

Professional Development Schools, 81

Graduate programs, see Post-graduate programs

Green River Community College, 173-174

Group learning, 25, 147, 158

H

Handicapped students, see Disabled students;

Special education

Henry Ford Community College, 174-175

High-stakes examinations, ix, 26, 34, 108

Historical perspectives, 24, 66, 68

education reform movement, 16-22, 60(n.12)

Loucks-Horsley, Susan, xvii

school environment, 145

science, history of, 148, 149, 172

teacher quality and student achievement, 49

Holistic learning, 83-84, 172

Holmes Group reports, 20, 22, 74

Hospitals, 7, 165-166

Houston Consortium, 166

I

Illinois, 92(n.1)

Incentives, xi, 7, 11, 33, 37, 38, 39, 82(n.4), 88, 110, 113

see also Wages and salaries

Income, see Socioeconomic status;

Wages and salaries

Induction phase, xi, 1, 3, 18, 35, 37, 81, 92(n.1), 109-110, 112, 128, 159-163

attitudes of new teachers, 11(n.5)

defined, 187

partnerships, 6, 76, 77, 91, 92(n.1), 96, 107, 169

pedagogy, 18, 23

Professional Development Schools (PDS), 6, 76, 77, 169

reform of education, 18, 85

retention of new teachers, 33, 72, 187

special education training, 19

state role, 75

teacher education defined, 191

see also Interns and internships;

Mentoring

Information technology, 40, 157

accreditation, institutions, 32

databases, 12, 13, 47, 111, 112, 114-115, 116, 122, 128

partnerships, 98, 103

see also Internet

Inquiry and the National Science Education Standards, 59

Inquiry-based education, 21, 67, 68, 70, 95, 162

defined, 187

partnerships, 95

standards, 5, 18, 20, 24, 26, 58, 67, 143, 144, 145, 148-149, 154, 155-156

see also Problem solving

Inservice education, 30, 33-34, 36-37, 46, 48, 65, 71, 73, 81-82, 110, 111, 122-124, 143, 159-163

career-long, 5, 7, 10, 16, 19, 23-24, 28, 37, 67, 75, 88, 108, 109, 114(n.1), 144

Suggested Citation:"Index." National Research Council. 2001. Educating Teachers of Science, Mathematics, and Technology: New Practices for the New Millennium. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/9832.
×

content knowledge, 33, 63, 64, 65, 123, 145

defined, 187

economic factors, 34, 37, 89, 98;

see also “funding” infra

feedback, 41, 50(n.3), 92, 144

funding, 36, 73, 95, 98-99, 111, 113-114, 125, 162-163

incentives, xi, 7, 11, 33, 37

informal, 101-102, 123, 156, 164-176

Internet, web sites, 42(n.10), 99(n.2, n.3), 159(n.1, n.2), 160(n.3), 161(n.4), 165(n.2), 170

partnerships, 76, 87, 88, 89, 91, 94, 97, 98-99, 100-103, 107, 126-128, 161, 164-176

peers/colleagues, 6, 11, 71, 78, 82, 102, 140, 142, 144, 152, 158, 162, 167, 187

preservice/inservice gap, 19, 27(n.5), 172

Professional Development Schools, 76

research by teachers, 71, 98, 102

school districts, 34, 73, 75, 96, 98, 99, 113, 126-128

standards, 33-34, 100-101, 143-147

state government role, 33, 37, 73, 75, 81, 97, 98, 161-163

teacher education, defined, 190-191

see also Induction phase;

Mentoring;

Post-graduate programs;

Workshops

Institutional factors, 5-7, 85, 144

see also Accreditation;

Administrators and administration;

Colleges and universities;

Organizational factors;

Partnerships and collaborations;

Reform of education

Interdisciplinary approaches, 58, 98, 121, 173, 174

International perspectives

conceptual knowledge of teachers, 54

content knowledge of teachers, 54, 62-63

teacher compensation, 103

teaching practices, 53-55

Third International Mathematics and Science Study, 16, 53-55

see also specific countries

International Society for Technology in Education, 32(n.3)

International Technology Education Association, 1(n.1), 30(n.1)

Internet

attitudes toward teaching as a profession, 40(n.8)

Columbia University, 8(n.3)

inservice education funding, 99(n.2, n.3)

inservice education, other, 42(n.10), 159(n.1, n.2), 160(n.3), 161(n.4), 165(n.2), 170

preservice education, 42(n.10), 60(n.12), 129, 164(n.1), 168(n.3), 175-176

Professional Development Schools Standards Project, 77(n.3)

Quantitative Understanding: Amplifying Student Achievement, 64

research funding, 122(n.3)

state content standards, 31(n.2)

university teaching and learning centers, 121(n.2)

Urban Teacher Collaborative, sponsors, 37

Interns and internships, 11, 78, 111, 112, 113, 162, 168, 170, 186, 187, 191

defined, 191

funding, 125-126

partnerships, 12, 78, 89, 96, 100, 101, 107, 124-125, 126, 170

stipends, 11, 111, 113, 124-125, 191

Interstate New Teacher Assessment and Support Consortium, 5, 42(n.10), 57-58, 68

J

Japan, 53-54, 103

K

Kansas, 162

Kansas Sate University, 166-167

Kentucky, 92(n.1)

L

Laboratories, 20, 40, 67, 115(n.1)

partnerships, 76, 95, 103-104

preservice education, 57, 58, 59

Professional Development Schools, 76

safety codes, 40

Language factors, 25, 39, 48, 146, 152, 175

Suggested Citation:"Index." National Research Council. 2001. Educating Teachers of Science, Mathematics, and Technology: New Practices for the New Millennium. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/9832.
×

Learning First Alliance, 118

Licensing and certification, 4, 18, 31-32, 37-38, 92(n.1), 106, 168

alternative programs, 23, 37-38, 51-52, 61-62, 107

defined, 192

examinations, general, 2, 31, 32-33, 34, 48

national standards, 34, 115-116

out-of-field teaching, 50-53, 54, 72, 79, 188

post-graduate requirements, 34, 37

Praxis examinations, 2, 3, 31, 189-190

teacher interest in subject vs, 82

teacher quality and student achievement, 48, 49-53, 54, 56

Life-long learning, xiv, 37, 111, 114(n.1)

research on, 43, 121-122

teachers, career-long learning, 5, 7, 10, 16, 19, 23-24, 28, 37, 67, 75, 88, 108, 109, 114(n.1), 144

Loans, 11, 110, 111, 113

Local government, 110, 111

partnerships, 91, 94, 106, 110

reform of education, 11

see also School districts

Loucks-Horsley, Susan, xvii

Lower division courses, 95, 120, 121-122

defined, 187-188

M

MacArthur Foundation, 170

Maryland, 79, 162

Mass media, ix

Master teachers, 126

decision- and policy-making by, 39

defined, 188

partnerships, involvement in, 91, 96, 97, 107, 124, 127

see also Mentoring

Mathematical Association of America, 5

Mathematicians, professional, see Scientists and mathematicians, professional

Medical education, 7, 21, 36, 81, 165-166

Memorization, 26, 61, 119

see also Teaching as telling

Mentoring, 36-37, 71, 89, 103, 117, 159

alternative teacher education programs, 23

compensation for, 19, 162

defined, 188

partnerships and, 87, 90, 92(n.1), 96, 100, 104, 107, 124, 125, 127, 161-162

practicum experiences, 87

standards, 19, 144

see also Interns and internships

Metropolitan areas, see Urban areas

Michigan, 174-175

Minority groups, see Race/ethnicity

Missouri, 162-163

Model Clinical Teaching Program, 78

Motivation

student, ix, 54, 69

teachers, general, 97;

see also Recruitment and retention

teacher support by administrators, 40, 159-161

N

National Assessment of Educational Progress (NAEP), 16, 52-53, 54

National Association of Biology Teachers, 4-5, 66

National Board for Professional Teaching Standards, 3, 5, 34, 35, 68, 69

National Center for Education Statistics, 38

National Center for Improving Science Education, 66, 81

National Commission on Mathematics and Science, 66

National Commission on Teaching and America’s Future, 19, 44, 82, 161

National Council for Accreditation of Teacher Education, 185

National Council of Teachers of Mathematics, 5, 66

standards, 17, 25, 51, 55, 67, 145-147, 174-175

National Education Goals Panel, 17

National Governors’ Association, 17

National Science Board, 45

National Science Education Standards, 17, 20, 24-25, 55, 56, 57, 66-67, 143-147, 148-158, 173, 175

inservice education funding, 99(n.3)

teacher licensing examinations, 32

National Science Foundation, 5, 27, 66, 74, 174, 176

databases 114-115, 122

standards, 17

National Science, Mathematics, Engineering, and Technology Education Digital Library, 114-115(n.1)

Suggested Citation:"Index." National Research Council. 2001. Educating Teachers of Science, Mathematics, and Technology: New Practices for the New Millennium. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/9832.
×

National Science Teachers Association, 5, 11(n.5), 17, 66, 118

A Nation at Risk, 16, 79-80

New teachers, see Induction phase

New York City, 8(n.3)

New York State Regents Examination, 8(n.3)

North Carolina, 19, 78-79

North Carolina University-School Teacher Education Partnerships, 161

Novice teachers, see Induction phase

O

Ohio, 161-162

Oklahoma, 162

Organizational factors, 1-2, 5-7

collaborative efforts, x, xiv-xv, 8-10;

see also Partnerships and collaborations

see also Institutional factors;

Reform of education

Out-of-field teaching, 50-53, 54, 72, 79, 82

defined, 188

P

Parents, 7, 8, 39-40

teacher engagement of, 69, 70, 158, 160

Partnerships and collaborations, 28, 41, 42-43, 83, 84, 87-108, 164-176

administrators involvement in, 76, 79, 83, 92(n.1)

clinical schools and training, 7, 19, 22, 75, 161, 162, 166

colleges, involvement in, see “partnerships” under Colleges and universities

conceptual knowledge, 7, 83

content knowledge, 88, 95, 96

contractual agreements, 97, 104, 105, 106

culture of education, 43, 101-102

current practices vs, xv, 76, 108

curriculum development, 77-78, 90, 91-92, 96, 98, 176

economic factors, xv, 84, 88, 89, 92, 94, 95, 97, 98;

see also “funding” infra

equipment, 95, 98, 103-104

evaluation of students, general, 97, 164, 165

evaluation of teachers, general, 92, 164

funding, xv, 84, 88, 89, 92, 94, 95, 97, 98-99, 104-106, 110, 111, 113, 114, 162, 163, 172, 175-176

induction of new teachers, 6, 76, 77, 91, 92(n.1), 96, 107, 169

information technology, 98, 103

inquiry-based education, 95

inservice education, 76, 87, 88, 89, 91, 94, 97, 98-99, 100-103, 107, 126-128, 161, 164

internships, 12, 78, 89, 96, 100, 101, 107, 124-125, 126, 170

laboratories, 76, 95, 103-104

local factors, 91, 94, 106, 110

master teachers, 91, 96, 97, 107, 124, 127

mentoring, 87, 90, 92(n.1), 96, 100, 104, 107, 124, 125, 127, 161-162

pedagogy, 81, 95, 96, 175

post-graduate programs, 98, 170

preservice education, 88, 92-97 (passim), 107, 164-176

Professional Development Schools (PDS), 6, 75-76, 77, 78-79, 81, 161, 166-167, 169-170

private sector involvement, 74, 91, 92-93, 94, 112

Professional Development Schools (PDS), 5-6, 22, 75-79, 81, 169-170

professional societies, role of, 42-43, 90, 92, 112, 145

recruitment and retention, 81, 89, 93, 99-100, 110, 111, 168, 170, 173-174, 176

research, x, 76, 77-78, 81, 82, 90, 91-93, 98, 101, 102

Professional Development Schools, 76, 77-78, 81

school districts, involvement in, x, xi, xiv-xv, 5-6, 8-9, 12-13, 28, 83, 87, 88, 91-105 (passim), 108, 109, 112, 114, 124-128, 165-168, 174, 175

scientists and mathematicians, professional, x, xi, xiv, xv, 5, 6, 8, 17, 28, 42, 68, 75, 82, 88, 90, 91, 103

standards, 77, 100-101, 174

state government involvement in, 9, 97, 110

teacher quality and, general, 78, 92

teaching practices and, 78, 83, 91-92, 96, 171, 175

see also Professional Development Schools (PDS)

Pedagogy, 8, 24, 25, 146

alternative teacher education programs, 23

Suggested Citation:"Index." National Research Council. 2001. Educating Teachers of Science, Mathematics, and Technology: New Practices for the New Millennium. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/9832.
×

colleges and universities, 11-12, 23, 118, 119, 175

content knowledge, ix, 11-12, 60, 64, 67, 74, 79, 81, 118

defined, 188-189

induction phase, 18, 23

internships, 100

partnerships, 81, 95, 96, 175

post-graduate university programs, 2, 20, 22

research on, 49, 60

specialists, 80-81

teacher input, 39

teacher quality and student achievement, 49, 60

teaching practice, defined, 192

see also Teaching as telling;

Teaching practices

Peer review, research, x, 12, 111, 121-122

Peers/colleagues

students, 44, 69, 168

teachers, 6, 11, 71, 78, 82, 102, 140, 142, 144, 152, 154, 155, 158, 160, 162, 167, 168

Performance standards, general

international, 16

student, ix, 16, 17

teacher, 3, 68, 77, 123

see also Standardized testing

Physical science, 51, 61, 67, 129, 148, 149-150

Portfolios, 144, 168, 171

Post-graduate programs, 2, 4, 20, 22, 33, 34, 123

licensing requirements, 34, 37

partnerships, 98, 170

pedagogy and, 2, 20, 22

research by, 92

teacher qualifications and student achievement, 48

see also Inservice education

Practicum experiences, 56, 96, 124-125, 172

defined, 189

funding, 124, 125

mentoring, 87

problems in current practices, 18

Praxis examinations, 2, 3, 31

defined, 189-190

Preconceptions

pedagogical content knowledge defined, 189

teacher content knowledge and, 61

Preservice education, ix, 18, 30, 31-32, 45, 71, 72, 74-75, 78, 87, 102, 111, 116-124

advisors, 35, 116-117

attitudes of participants toward, 19-20

committee study, topics, 28

content knowledge of teacher and student achievement, 49-65 (passim)

content knowledge, other, 79-81, 118, 119-120, 145

defined, 190-191

feedback, 71, 76, 92, 164

funding, 89, 104-105, 125, 162, 175, 176

grades of student teachers, 4

information technology, 103

inquiry-based teaching, 95

inservice/preservice gap, 19, 27(n.5), 172

Internet, web sites, 42(n.10), 60(n.12), 129, 164(n.1), 168(n.3), 175-176

laboratories, 57, 58, 59

partnerships, 88, 92-97 (passim), 107, 164-176

Professional Development Schools (PDS), 6, 75-76, 77, 78-79, 81, 161, 166-167, 169

professional education curriculum strands, 20

professional organization oversight, 35-36, 42-43

reform of education, 18, 19, 20, 75, 85, 86

research by preservice teachers, 78, 98

research on, x, 47-55, 59-65

school districts, general, 9, 97, 100, 112

standards, 32, 33-34, 42, 56-57, 100-101, 143-147

teacher education, defined, 190-191

see also Colleges and universities;

Field experiences;

Interns and internships;

Mentoring;

Practicum experiences

Principles and Standards for School Mathematics, 25, 32, 56

Private schools, 80

Private sector, 8, 43

partnerships, 74, 91, 92-93, 94, 112

see also Scientists and mathematicians, professional

Problem solving, 68, 70

content knowledge of teachers and, 60, 62(n.13), 63

standards, 5, 18, 20, 70, 145-146, 152, 156, 157

see also Inquiry-based education

Procedural knowledge, 23, 132

conceptual understanding vs, 186

Professional and disciplinary organizations, 13, 46, 66-71, 112, 128-130, 145-147, 161

committee study at hand, methodology, 27, 29

content specialists, 80, 118-119

conventions, 24

partnerships, 42-43, 90, 92, 112, 145

preservice program oversight by, 35-36, 42-43

see also specific organizations

Suggested Citation:"Index." National Research Council. 2001. Educating Teachers of Science, Mathematics, and Technology: New Practices for the New Millennium. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/9832.
×

Professional development, general, ix, xiv, 1-3, 8-9, 30, 32, 83-84

career-long professional development, 5, 7, 10, 16, 19, 23-24, 28, 37, 67, 75, 88, 108, 109, 114(n.1), 144

professional community, defined, 190

see also Colleges and universities;

Field experiences;

Induction phase;

Inservice education;

Master teachers;

Mentoring;

Preservice education

Professional Development Schools (PDS), 5-6, 22, 75-79, 81, 166-167, 169-170

administrators, 76, 79

curriculum development, 77-78

induction of new teachers, 6, 76, 77, 169

preservice education, 6, 75-76, 77, 78-79, 81, 161, 166-167, 169

recruitment and retention, 78

research, 76, 77-78, 81

standardized testing, 78

standards, other, 77, 163

state government role, 9, 75

Professional Development Schools Standards Project, 77

Professional organizations, see Professional and disciplinary organizations

Professional Standards for Teaching Mathematics, 25

Project 2061, 16-17, 66

Project TEACH, 173-174

Public opinion, 15-16

about education, general, ix, 22-23

about teachers, 2, 7-8, 15-16, 19, 22-23, 28, 40-41, 45

Purdue University, 171

Q

Quantitative Understanding: Amplifying Student Achievement, 64

Questioning, 25, 157, 158

see also Inquiry-based education;

Problem solving

R

Race/ethnicity, 25, 48, 69, 73, 146, 168

Reasoning, 70, 145-146, 152, 156

see also Inquiry-based education;

Problem solving

Recruiting New Teachers, Inc., 37(n.4)

Recruitment and retention, ix, 1, 11, 35, 40-41, 52, 72, 73, 81, 109, 111, 122

community colleges, role of, 93, 173-174, 176

content specialists, 80, 111

funding, 36, 89

incentives, xi, 7, 11, 33, 100, 113

induction phase, 33, 72, 187

loan forgiveness, 110, 113

partnerships, 81, 89, 93, 99-100, 110, 111, 168, 170, 173-174, 176

Professional Development Schools, 78

reform of education, 85, 86

school districts, 99-100

workforce distribution and, 82(n.4), 99, 115

working conditions, 39, 40, 65, 82(n.4), 95-96

see also Wages and salaries

Reform of education, xiii, xv, 1-2, 11, 30, 74, 85-87

colleges and universities, general, 17, 19, 20, 22, 85

content knowledge, xiii, xv, 1-2, 17-18, 20

historical perspectives, 16-22, 60(n.12)

induction of new teachers, 18, 85

international perspectives, 53

preservice education, 18, 19, 20, 75, 85, 86

recruitment and retention, 85, 86

state government, 11, 17-18, 19, 30, 85

see also Partnerships and collaborations;

Standards

Research for Better Teaching, 159-161

Research on teaching, x, 4, 17, 27, 43, 111

attitudes toward profession, 40-41

classroom, 44

databases, 12, 13, 47, 111, 112, 114-115, 116, 122, 128

funding, 92, 98, 122(n.3)

inservice teachers performing, 71, 98, 102, 143, 144

life-long learning, 43, 121-122

partnerships, x, 81, 82, 76, 77-78, 81, 90, 91-93, 98, 101, 102

Professional Development Schools, 76, 77-78, 81

pedagogy training, 49, 60

peer review, x, 12, 111, 121-122

teacher education, 47-55, 59-65, 111, 144, 155

teacher quality and student achievement, 44, 46, 47-55, 59-65, 99

by teachers, 71, 98, 102, 143, 144

Suggested Citation:"Index." National Research Council. 2001. Educating Teachers of Science, Mathematics, and Technology: New Practices for the New Millennium. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/9832.
×

working conditions, 82(n.4)

see also Peer review

Reflective practice, 37, 62, 64, 67, 71, 83, 103, 121, 160, 167, 171, 172

defined, 190

standards, 144, 147, 152, 155

Retention, see Recruitment and retention

Rote learning, see Memorization

Rubrics, 63

Rural areas, 33

S

Salaries, see Wages and salaries

School districts, 12-13, 45, 71, 79, 112, 147

career-long professional development, 23-24

decision- and policy-making by teachers, 38-39, 96, 103, 147, 156, 161

demographics, 72-73

evaluation of, 92

funding, 11, 98, 99, 104, 105, 113, 114

induction phase, 75, 96, 112, 113

inservice education, 34, 73, 75, 96, 98, 99, 113, 126-128

mentoring programs, 37

out-of-field teachers, 82

partnerships, x, xi, xiv-xv, 5-6, 8-9, 12-13, 28, 83, 87, 88, 91-105 (passim), 108, 109, 112, 114, 124-128, 165-168, 174, 175

preservice education, 9, 97, 100, 112

recruitment of teachers, 99-100

teacher incentives, 39(n.7)

Science Work Experiences for Teachers, 8(n.3)

Scientists and mathematicians, professional, x, xi, xiv, xv, 5, 6, 8, 17, 28, 42, 68, 75, 82, 88, 90, 91, 103

Skill acquisition

conceptual understanding vs, 186

teacher education standards, 144

teaching practices, international perspectives, 53-54

Social factors, 68, 69, 71, 123, 146, 148, 149, 154-156

see also Cultural factors;

Mentoring;

Parents;

Peers/colleagues;

Public opinion

Socioeconomic status, 44, 48, 51, 52, 72-73, 100, 113

see also Wages and salaries

Special education, 19, 39, 169

Stakeholders, general, 9, 81-82

committee study at hand, methodology, x

see also Partnerships and collaborations

Standardized testing, ix

American College Testing program, 48

high-stakes examinations, ix, 26, 34, 108

National Assessment of Educational Progress, 16, 52-53, 54

Praxis examinations, 2, 3, 31, 189-190

Professional Development Schools, 78

statewide testing of students, 34

teacher quality and scores, 48

Third International Mathematics and Science Study, 16, 53-55

Standards, 18

colleges and universities, 17, 35-36, 100-101, 174

accreditation, 32, 35, 88, 106, 117, 185

content knowledge, 1(n.1), 2, 5, 17-18, 19, 23, 24, 30(n.1), 31, 55-59, 69, 70, 119-120, 143, 144, 145, 148-153

state standards for teacher education, 3, 5, 17-18, 19, 23, 31(n.2), 33, 34, 56-57

curricular, 17-18, 28, 147, 156

curriculum frameworks, 17-18, 25-26, 31, 63, 160, 174-175

field components, 23

inquiry-based education, 5, 18, 20, 24, 26, 58, 67, 143, 144, 145, 148-149, 154, 155-156

International Technology Education Association, 1(n.1)

laboratory safety, 40

national, 5, 17-18, 20, 24-26, 28, 31, 32-33, 41, 46, 55-59, 66-69, 119, 143-158

partnerships, 77, 100-101, 174

problem solving, 5, 18, 20, 70, 145-146, 152, 156, 157

Professional Development Schools, 77, 78, 163

students, 5, 17-18, 20, 24-26, 28, 31, 32-33, 46, 70

teacher education, 32, 33-34, 55-59, 66-67, 100-101, 118, 119, 143-147

preservice, 32, 33-34, 42, 56-57, 100-101, 143-147

inservice, 33-34, 100-101, 143-147

skill acquisition, 144

state, 2, 3, 5, 17-18, 19, 23, 31-33, 34, 56-57, 159

see also Accreditation, institutions

teachers, other, 3, 17, 20, 34, 41, 42, 46, 55-59, 66-70, 115-116, 148-158

mentoring, 19, 144

Suggested Citation:"Index." National Research Council. 2001. Educating Teachers of Science, Mathematics, and Technology: New Practices for the New Millennium. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/9832.
×

national, 28, 34, 55-59, 115-116, 143-158

performance, general, 3, 68, 77, 123

reflective practice, 144, 147, 152, 155

teacher quality and, general, 17, 55-59, 69-70

see also Licensing and certification

see also Accreditation, institutions;

Benchmarks;

Performance standards;

Reform of education

Stanford Achievement Test, 50(n.2), 51

Stanford Test of Academic Skills, 50(n.2)

State government, 3, 110-112, 113-114

content standards for teacher education, 3, 5, 17-18, 19, 23, 33, 34, 56-57

curriculum frameworks, 17-18, 25-26, 31, 63, 160, 174-175

databases, 114

examinations, general, 4

induction phase, 75

inservice education, 33, 37, 73, 75, 81, 97, 98, 161-163

internships, 125-126

mentoring programs, 37

partnerships, 9, 97, 110

Praxis examinations, 2, 3, 31, 189-190

Professional Development Schools, 9, 75

reform of education, general, 11, 17-18, 19, 30, 85

standards, 3, 5, 17-18, 19, 23, 25-26, 31-33, 36, 56-57, 159;

see also “curriculum frameworks” supra

statewide testing of students, 34

teacher education standards, 2, 3, 5, 17-18, 19, 23, 31-33, 34, 56-57, 159

teacher incentives, 39(n.7)

see also Licensing and certification;

specific states

Stipends

inservice education, 37

interns, 11, 111, 113, 124-125, 191

Summer Research Program for Science School Teachers (Columbia University), 8(n.3)

Syracuse University, 171

T

Teacher Education Accreditation Council, 185

Teacher educators, 32, 82, 90, 93, 112

defined, 191

student teacher advisors, 35, 116-117

Teacher quality, ix, xi, 3, 4, 5, 17-18, 19, 28, 44-65, 71, 86, 87, 99

competence requirements, general, 30

curriculum development, 49, 61, 63

licensing and, 48, 49-53, 54, 56

partnerships, 78, 92

pedagogy, 49, 60

Professional Development Schools, 78

public opinion, 15, 16

research on student achievement and, 44, 46, 47-55, 59-65, 99

standards and, 17, 55-59, 69-70

teacher educators, 18-19

see also Evaluation of teachers

Teaching as telling, 20, 23, 24, 27

attitudes toward, 23

defined, 192

Teaching practices, x, xi, xii, 5, 12, 18, 25, 26, 54, 67, 69, 81, 146, 147, 163

defined, 192

group learning, 25, 147, 158

information technology and, 32

international perspectives, 53-55

lecture-based, 20, 26, 60, 67

national standards, 28, 146

parental attitudes, 39-40

partnerships, 78, 83, 91-92, 96, 171, 175

Professional Development Schools, 78

teacher quality and student achievement, 50(n.4), 43, 58

team teaching, 77, 80

video tapes, 53, 54-55

see also Inquiry-based education;

Memorization;

Pedagogy;

Problem solving;

Teaching as telling

Team teaching, 77, 80

see also Mentoring

Tennessee Value-Added Assessment System, 47

Tests and testing

high-stakes examinations, ix, 26, 34, 108

teacher, 2, 8(n.3)

attitudes of high-scoring novices, 11(n.5)

Praxis examinations, 2, 3, 31, 189-190

see also Standardized tests

Texas, 56-57, 78, 166, 168-169

Texas State Teachers Association, 11(n.5)

Third International Mathematics and Science Study, 16, 53-55

Tomorrow’s Schools of Education, 74

Suggested Citation:"Index." National Research Council. 2001. Educating Teachers of Science, Mathematics, and Technology: New Practices for the New Millennium. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/9832.
×

U

Unions, teacher, 6-7, 83

Universities, see Colleges and universities;

specific institutions

University of Arizona, 172

University of Kansas, 121(n.2)

University of Maryland, 79

University of Massachusetts, 167

University of Texas, 169-169

University of Wisconsin, 64, 172

Urban areas, 8(n.3), 33, 37, 160-161, 175

Urban Teacher Collaborative, 37

V

Videotapes, teaching practices analyzed, 53, 54-55

Virginia, 176

W

Wages and salaries, 3

administrators, 3

student teacher advisors, 117

teachers, 3, 11, 19, 38, 103, 111, 113

see also Incentives;

Stipends

Westinghouse/Intel Talent Search Projects, 8(n.3)

Wheelock College, 169

Wisconsin Center for Education Research, 80

Workshops, 24, 63, 73, 147, 187, 161

Project 2061, 16-17, 66

World Wide Web, see Internet

Suggested Citation:"Index." National Research Council. 2001. Educating Teachers of Science, Mathematics, and Technology: New Practices for the New Millennium. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/9832.
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Educating Teachers of Science, Mathematics, and Technology: New Practices for the New Millennium Get This Book
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Each new headline about American students' poor performance in math and science leads to new calls for reform in teaching. Education Teachers of Science, Mathematics, and Technology puts the whole picture together by synthesizing what we know about the quality of math and science teaching, drawing conclusions about why teacher preparation needs reform, and then outlining recommendations for accomplishing the most important goals before us.

As a framework for addressing the task, the book advocates partnerships among school districts, colleges, and universities, with contributions from scientists, mathematicians, teacher educators, and teachers. It then looks carefully at the status of the education reform movement and explores the motives for raising the bar for how well teachers teach and how well students learn.

Also examined are important issues in teacher professionalism: what teachers should be taught about their subjects, the utility of in-service education, the challenge of program funding, and the merits of credentialing. Professional Development Schools are reviewed and vignettes presented that describe exemplary teacher development practices.

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