advantage of the effort to cool the instrument, but NGST would also gain its greatest advantage over any ground-based telescope at the longer infrared wavelengths (see Figure 3.3).

Considerable progress has been made in developing the challenging technology required by NGST, including sensitive detectors, lightweight deployable primary mirrors, and control and image analysis systems. To enable NGST to reach its full potential, the committee recommends technology development to increase telemetry rates in spacecraft communication and for cryocoolers that enable detectors to operate at wavelengths longer than 5 µm.

GSMT complements NGST, both in technical capabilities and in its ability to probe distant galaxies and nearby star-forming regions. GSMT is a 30-m-class, ground-based, filled-aperture, segmented-mirror, optical and infrared telescope that will operate in the atmospheric windows over the wavelength range from 0.3 to 25 µm. Adaptive optics will give it diffraction-limited performance down to wavelengths as short as 1 µm. GSMT will complement NGST much as the Keck telescope has comple-