Acronyms and Abbreviations
A/E
attaching and effacing
AIDS
acquired immune deficiency syndrome
AWWA
American Water Works Association
AWWARF
AWWA Research Foundation
BMD
benchmark dose
bp
base pair
CCL
Drinking Water Contaminant Candidate List
CDC
Centers for Disease Control and Prevention
CIM
contaminant identification method
COMMPS
Combined Monitoring-Based and Modeling-Based Priority Setting
CPF
cancer potency factor
DALY
disability adjusted life-year
DNA
deoxyribonucleic acid
DOE
U.S. Department of Energy
DYNAMEC
dynamic mechanism for selecting and prioritizing hazardous substances
EC
European Commission
EDPSD
Endocrine Disruptor Priority-Setting Database
EDSTAC
Endocrine Disruptor Screening and Testing Advisory Committee (EPA)
ELISA
enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay
EPA
U.S. Environmental Protection Agency
FDA
U.S. Food and Drug Administration
FISH
fluorescent in situ hybridization
GRAS
generally recognized as safe (FDA)
HEV
hepatitis E virus
HIV
human immunodeficiency virus
HPC
heterotrophic plate count
IARC
International Agency for Research on Cancer
IMS
immunomagnetic separation
IRIS
Integrated Risk Information System (EPA)
LEE
locus for enterocytic effacement
LFER
linear free energy relationship
LOAEL
lowest observed adverse effect level
MCL
maximum contaminant level
MCLG
maximum contaminant level goal
mRNA
messenger ribonucleic acid
MTBE
methyl-t-butyl ether
NCHS
National Center for Health Statistics
NCOD
National Drinking Water Contaminant Occurrence Database (EPA)
NDWAC
National Drinking Water Advisory Council
NIAID
National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases
NLM
National Library of Medicine
NLV
Norwalk-like caliciviruses
NOAEL
no observed adverse effect level
NPDWR
National Primary Drinking Water Regulation
NRC
National Research Council
ORD
Office for Research and Development (EPA)
OW
Office of Water (EPA)
PCCL
preliminary CCL
PCR
polymerase chain reaction
POP
persistent organic pollutant
PTB
persistent, toxic, or liable to bioaccumulate
PWS
public water system
QALY
quality adjusted life-year
QSAR
quantitative structure-activity relationship
RFD
reference dose
RFLP
(PCR) restriction fragment length polymorphism
RNA
ribonucleic acid
rRNA
ribosomal RNA
SAB
Science Advisory Board (EPA)
SAR
structure-activity relationship
SDWA
Safe Drinking Water Act
SDWIS
Safe Drinking Water Information System
SIX
Shiga toxin
TCID
tissue culture infectious dose
TIGR
Institute for Genomic Research
UCM
unregulatored contaminant monitoring
UCMR
Unregulated Contaminant Monitoring Regulation (Rule)
USGS
U.S. Geological Survey
VAR
virulence-activity relationship
VFAR
virulence-factor activity relationship
WMG
“Waterborne Microbial Genomics” project