Acronyms and Abbreviations
AC
alternating current
AEMD
automotive electric motor drive
AIPM
automotive integrated power module
ANL
Argonne National Laboratory
BIW
body-in-white
CARB
California Air Resources Board
CFRP
carbon fiber-reinforced polymer
CIDI
compression-ignition direct-injection
CO
carbon monoxide
CRADA
cooperative research and development agreement
DC
direct current
DECSE
Diesel Emission Control Sulfur Effects
DIATA
direct-injection, aluminum-block, through-bolt assembly
DOE
U.S. Department of Energy
EE
Tech Team Electrical and Electronic Power Systems Team
EGR
exhaust gas recirculation
EPA
Environmental Protection Agency
FEM
finite element method
GAPC
Global Alternative Propulsion Center
GM
General Motors Corporation
GFRP
glass fiber-reinforced polymer
HEV
hybrid-electric vehicle
HMO
hydrous metal oxide
IFC
International Fuel Cells
kWe
kilowatt electric
L
liter
LANL
Los Alamos National Laboratory
Li-ion
lithium ion
mpg
miles per gallon
NiMH
nickel metal hydride
NOx
nitrogen oxides
ORNL
Oak Ridge National Laboratory
PEM
proton exchange membrane
PEVE
Panasonic Electric Vehicle Energy
PM
particulate matter
PNGV
Partnership for a New Generation of Vehicles
PNNL
Pacific Northwest National Laboratory
POX
partial oxidation
ppm
parts per million
R&D
research and development
SNL
Sandia National Laboratories
SO2
sulfur dioxide
SPCO
Silicon Power Corporation
SUV
sport utility vehicle
ULEV
ultra low-emission vehicle
ULSAB
ultralight steel auto body
ULSAB-AVC
Ultralight Steel Auto Body-Advanced Vehicle Concepts
USCAR
United States Council for Automotive Research
VW
Volkswagen
4SDI
four-stroke direct-injection