| Title Page and Notice |
i |
| National Academies Statement |
iii |
| Committee |
iv |
| Preface |
vi |
| Acknowledgment of Reviewers |
ix |
|
| SUMMARY AND RECOMMENDATIONS |
1 |
| 1 |
INNOVATION IN INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY |
5 |
| |
Universities, Industry, and Government: A Complex Partnership Yielding Innovation and Leadership |
5 |
| |
The Essential Role of the Federal Government |
9 |
| |
The Distinctive Character of Federally Supported Research |
15 |
| |
University Research and Industrial R&D |
20 |
| |
Hallmarks of Federally Sponsored IT Research |
22 |
| |
Looking Forward |
26 |
| 2 |
EXCERPTS FROM EARLIER CSTB REPORTS |
30 |
| |
Making IT Better: Expanding Information Technology Research to Meet Society’s Needs (2000) |
31 |
| |
|
The Many Faces of Information Technology Research |
31 |
| |
|
Implications for the Research Enterprise |
33 |
| |
Funding a Revolution: Government Support for Computing Research (1999) |
37 |
| |
|
Lessons from History |
37 |
| |
|
Sources of U.S. Success |
44 |
| |
|
Research and Technological Innovation |
46 |
| |
|
The Benefits of Public Support of Research |
47 |
| |
|
Maintaining University Research Capabilities |
48 |
| |
|
Creating Human Resources |
49 |
| |
|
The Organization of Federal Support: A Historical Review |
50 |
| |
|
1945-1960: Era of Government Computers |
51 |
| |
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The Government’s Early Role |
52 |
| |
|
Establishment of Organizations |
53 |
| |
|
Observations |
57 |
| |
|
1960-1970: Supporting Continuing Revolution |
58 |
| |
|
Maturing of a Commercial Industry |
58 |
| |
|
The Changing Federal Role |
60 |
| |
|
1970-1990: Retrenching and International Competition |
67 |
| |
|
Accomplishing Federal Missions |
67 |
| |
Evolving the High Performance Computing and Communications Initiative to Support the Nation’s Information Infrastructure (1995) |
68 |
| |
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Continued Federal Investment Is Necessary to Sustain Our Lead |
68 |
| WHAT IS CSTB? |
71 |