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Drinking Water and Health, Volume 7 Disinfectants and Disinfectant By-Products (1987) / Chapter Skim
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1 EXECUTIVE SUMMARY
Pages 1-3

The Chapter Skim interface presents what we've algorithmically identified as the most significant single chunk of text within every page in the chapter.
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From page 1...
... Other, nonvolatile by-products of chlorination may be important in contributing mutagenic properties to drinking water, especially when the natural water being treated contains high levels of organic matter. Shortterm animal skin tests, although not conclusive, provide indications that organic concentrates from chlorinated water are tumorigenic under some experimental conditions.
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From page 2...
... Research is also needed to improve understanding of their relative efficacy in eliminating the currently most resistant viruses and protozoan cysts and the major factors affecting such efficacy under treatment plant operating conditions. To prevent overestimation of the degree of disinfection achieved by alternative practices (especially chloramination, which is becoming widely used)
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From page 3...
... Recognizing their potential for producing toxic effects, however, it recommends that methods be developed for estimating both noningestion exposures to contaminants in drinking water and exposures to the same contaminants in other media, such as food, air, and dust, so that total exposure can be considered by regulators in setting acceptable levels of contaminants in water. The subcommittee calculated quantitative risk assessment for disinfectants or their by-products when there were sufficient data.
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Key Terms

  • finished drinking
  • safe drinking
  • total thms
  • bladder cancer
  • water disinfection

  • organic matter
  • water committee
  • alternative practices
  • quantitative risk
  • total exposure

  • major factors
  • increased rates
  • predominant method
  • plant operating
  • especially chloramination

  • contributing mutagenic
  • natural water
  • producing toxic
  • regulatory concerns
  • improve protocols

  • disinfection achieved
  • toxic effects
  • acceptable levels
  • subcommittee calculated
  • exposure data

  • thm levels
  • wherever exposure
  • chlorinated water
  • improve understanding
  • series provided


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