Research Needs for High-Level Waste Stored in Tanks and Bins at U.S. Department of Energy Sites Environmental Management Science Program (2001) / Chapter Skim
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Executive Summary
Executive Summary
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Committee on Long-Term Research Needs for Radioactive High-Level Waste at Department of Energy Sites. 2The EMSP currently provides the DOE's Office of Environmental Management with a basic research program to reduce costs, time, and risks associated with cleaning up the nation's nuclear complex.
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Long-Term Research Needs for HEW Management The recommended long-term research agenda is organized according to DOE's current approach to HLW management as follows: Characterization Retrieval and pretreatment · I mmobi I ization · Tank closure The motivation for selecting the long-term basic research activities in this report is to provide contingency approaches for DOE's HLW management programs and to improve process effectiveness. The committee recommends research topics that would provide contingency approaches as the basis for program support in case of interferences or disruptions to current HLW management plans.
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Immobilization (Chapter 51: Robust, high-loading immobilization methods and materials that could provide enhancements or alternatives to the current immobilization strategy. The objective of research activities in the area of immobilization is to provide the scientific basis for the fol lowi ng: · identifying alternative immobilization media to overcome limitations of borosilicate glasses, · i nvestigati ng the effect of i ncreased crystal content on the du rability of the borosilicate glass matrix, improving phenomenological models to predict long-term leachability of various glass waste forms, · evaluating advantages of using unreacted glass-forming chemicals compared to premelted glass frit, · understanding foaming in loule-heated melters, .
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The mai n fi nd i ngs and recom mendations from Append ix A are included in the body of this report. , , Managing Technological Risk The research program proposed by the committee could help the EMSP in reducing technological risk.5 Technological risk can be reduced by improving process effectiveness and by providing contingency approaches to baseline technologies before disruptions or interferences to current HLW processing programs occur.
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Synergies between the EMSP and other research programs are natural and should be exploited to their fullest extent. Collaborations with foreign countries with relevant HLW research activities should be encouraged.
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Examples of recommended research to address future potential problems are the following: new or better separation techniques to remove bulk non-hazardous material from the HLW stream, methods to achieve higher waste loading in immobilized waste forms, and improvements in tank closure and nearfield monitoring issues. The committee recognizes that the EMSP cannot address all of the recommended research areas equally in the next few years, nor can its portfolio acquire all the recommended program attributes immediately.
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