International Role of U.S. Geoscience (1987) / Chapter Skim
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4 International Geoscience Activities in U.S. Scientific Interests
4 International Geoscience Activities in U.S. Scientific Interests
Pages 28-36
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From page 28... ...
But a misunderstanding of proposals for international scientific efforts and travel exists among some program administrators and funding officials. This attitude stems in part from a mistaken notion that geology is a purely descriptive science and that there is no basis for conducting field investigations abroad when much of the United States remains geologically unmapped.
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From page 29... ...
Continuing applications of the plate tectonics concept have emphasized the need for expanded U.S. participation in international geoscience programs, including on-site visits by American geoscientists to research locales in other countries.
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From page 30... ...
This matter was discussed by a small international group of geoscientists chaired by the venerable American geologist, James Hall, at a meeting in Buffalo in 1876. Recognizing the need for an international geological conference to establish rules for compiling geological maps and for creating rock nomenclature and geological terms, the Buffalo group called on the Geological Society of France for assistance.
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From page 31... ...
In recent years, JUGS has established a Research Development Program, a series of annual seminars, and an expanded publication program to enhance the level of international cooperation in basic research and in the application of research results to the solution certain societal problems, e.g., mineral resource identification, assessment of geological hazards, and the exchange of methods of management of geoscientific data. As a nongovernmental international body, JUGS is represented in the United States by the National Academy of Sciences and has maintained close relations with the USGS.
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From page 32... ...
, set a new pattern of post-World War II international cooperation in earth science research. Although focused primarily on the atmospheric sciences, oceanography, and solid-earth geophysics, the IGY showed the potentials of a well-defined, time-restricted, global research program in marshaling financial, logistical, and scientific resources.
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From page 33... ...
The developing Earth System Science Program, which has been enthusiastically welcomed by many federal agencies including NSF, NASA, NOAA, and the USGS, has defined as its goal (NASA, 1986~: To obtain a scientific understanding of the entire Earth System on a global scale by describing how its component parts
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From page 34... ...
They not only provided the United States with valuable updated geologic and mineral information from other parts of the world, they also established personal contacts for fostering mutually beneficial technical activities. Concomitant with the foreign aid programs, a newly awakened interest in basic scientific research led to increased support for travel to international meetings, especially through the Office of Naval Research and the National Science Foundation (NSF)
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From page 35... ...
portion of the research program was delegated to the NSF or to several agencies including the NSF. THE S I11JATION TODAY Today, the geosciences and mineral development have been virtually eliminated from the American foreign aid programs; travel support to attend overseas meetings has been reduced; programs such as NSF's Foreign Exchange Fellowships and Foreign Field Institutes have been eliminated; foreign currencies available through Public Law 480 either have been spent or their use has been restricted; and funding for the bilateral cooperatives has been given no special appropriation but must compete with the regular programs of NSF or other agencies.
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From page 36... ...
geologists from the study of copper deposits in Chile, coal deposits in Poland, petroleum deposits associated with freshwater lake beds in China, and phosphate rock in Morocco has been applied to the investigation of these mineral and energy resources within our own borders. Participation in international scientific programs, such as the Continental Lithosphere Program and IGCP, is another method of enhancing U.S.
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