True Genius The Life and Science of John Bardeen: The Only Winner of Two Nobel Prizes in Physics (2002) / Chapter Skim
Currently Skimming:
Pages 445-476
The Chapter Skim interface presents what we've algorithmically identified as the most significant single chunk of text within every page in the chapter.
Select key terms on the right to highlight them within pages of the chapter.
From page 445... ...
, 1, 37, 48, 123-124, 149-150 See also Bell Telephone Laboratories Anderson, Ansel Andy) , 180, 184, 221 Anderson, Joyce, 206 Anderson, Philip, 55, 75, 206, 217, 223-226, 235, 274, 287, 291 Anspacher, William, 104 Ante'bi, Elizabeth, 278 Antenna design, 36-37 Anti-Semitism, 171 Apollo program, 270 Arms control, 271 Arnold, Harold, 124 445
|
From page 446... ...
, 28, 57, 85-86, 117-118 Bardeen, Bertha (aunts, 23, 27 Bardeen, Betty, 15-16 Bardeen, Charles Russell (fathers, 10-13, 15-20, 23-29, 41-42, 64-65, 117-118, 168, 170, 181-182, 312, pi. 1 Bardeen, Charles William (C.
|
From page 447... ...
1 and children, 93, 117, 167, 188189, pi. 3 collaborators, 2, 7, 40, 55, 63, 6972, 74, 77, 121-122, 124-125, 127-128, 132, 152, 176-177, 192, 194-203, 220, 221, 239, 287-300, 304 communication style, 6, 7, 57, 119, 164, 180-183, 199, 213, 220, 232, 240, 244-245, 267, 295 death and memorial service, 189, 308-312 doctorate, 64-65 documents and artifacts, 304305, 312 education/professional studies, 7, 19-21,28-29,31-33,46,4857, 62-63, 65, 209 electromagnetism and antenna design research, 36-37 electron hole theory, 127 European laboratory tour, 128131, 155,pl.3 filmed interview, 301-303 fraternity life, 30-31, 57-58 and free exchange of scientific ideas, 266 friends and colleagues, 42-43, 45, 47-49, 51, 55, 68, 104, 118119, 121-122, 127, 158, 173174, 176, 183, 204, 227-228, 280 golf and golfing buddies, 24, 9091, 93-94, 108, 118, 167-168, 205, 209, 232, 235-238, 252253, 260-262, 281, 292, 295, 311, pi.
|
From page 448... ...
448 INDEX at NOL, 6-7, 96, 98-99, 101-108, 112-114, 119, 128, 240, 393 patents and patent rights, 121, 133, 137, 144-145, 157, 244, 302 in People's Republic of China, 277-278, 281 personal characteristics, 6-9, 1920, 23, 42, 46, 55, 57, 64-65, 79, 86, 98, 104, 106, 119, 122, 127, 162, 164, 177-178, 183184, 188-189, 200, 231, 235238, 240, 245, 252-253, 277, 291-292, 294, 297, 308-312, 318 and political activism, 265-266, 271-273, 279-280 at Princeton graduate school, 4146,48-55,57,62-63,65, 118 private projects and contributions, 278-279 problem-solving approach, 7-8, 14-15, 33, 42, 54-55, 58, 60, 69, 76-77, 79, 104, 122, 154155, 182, 190-194, 198, 201, 238, 255-256, 320-324 professional organizations, 263264 on PSAC, 68, 254-259, 266-267, 271, 275-276 publications, 40, 63, 70, 92-93, 146, 149, 156, 193, 194, 198, 212-213, 214, 215-216, 223, 225-229, 234-235, 278, 298300, 302, 306 as research assistant, 35-37 research and education philosophies, 246-247, 253254, 256-259, 265-266, 268, 273-275 respect of colleagues, 4, 41, 153154, 183, 219, 222, 291 resource conservation activities, 262-263 retirement from teaching, 229, 238-240 roots, 8-27, 281 as scientific ambassador, 275-278 and SDI, 268-270 semiconductor research and courses, 122-123, 125-128, 133-135, 150, 175, 178-179 smoking, 107-108 social life, 30-31, 40, 47, 51, 5758, 90, 108, 118-119, 167-168, 188, 236-238, 379 social service and activism, 262275 songs about, 239 in Soviet Union, 276-277 sports and athletic ability, 23-24, 30, 47, 90-91, 108, 118, 319, 377, 393, pi. 2 Stockholm ceremonies and festivities, 205-209, pls 5, 6 surface-state theory, 127-128, 133 superconductivity research, 3-4, 78-80, 91, 97-98, 129-130, 154-157, 161, 164, 174, 178, 187-188, 190-203, 205, 210218, 223-228, 231-232, 234235 teaching style, 6-7, 91, 104, 153, 164, 175, 178-184, 189, 195, 199-201, 238-239 transistor invention, 1, 48, 72, 126-128, 131-142, 144-145, 147-150, 159-161, 173, 175176, 210, 234, 301-303, 306, 323-324, pls.
|
From page 449... ...
L., 184 Bell Telephone Laboratories CDW research, 290-291, 292 collaborative research, 111, 122, 127, 132, 150, 160, 199, 245247, 268 defense research, 112, 123 Holmdel radio lab, 126 management/executives, 67-68, 73, 125, 140, 143-144, 147, 150-151, 159 Manhattan building, 58, 120-121 many-body physics, 221, 226, 234-235 Murray Hillcampus, 112, 115, 120-121, 140, 142, 143 Nobel festivities, 206 origin, 124, 397 patents and patent rights, 121, 144 Physical Research Department, 112, 118, 159, 238, 290 semiconductor research, 122127, 245-246 social activities, 118 solid-state database, 152 solid-state physics team, 111, 122, 127, 145, 187, 222 transistor development, 1, 2, 131-141, 143-151, 199, 206, 246-247, pi. 4 Vacuum Tube Department, 125 Bell, Alexander Graham, 149-150, 282 Belyaev, Spartak T., 218 Bennett, Edward, 36-37 Bennett, Ralph, 101-102 Bentley, E., 152 Benzer, Seymour, 146 Berlin, Irving, 282 Bernades, Newton, 185 Bernstein, Jeremy, 121 Beryllium, 71 Betatron, 170, 172 Bethe, Hans, 62, 69, 77, 78, 123, 270, 271, 431, pi.
|
From page 450... ...
B., 129 Cattrell, Raymond, 321 Cesium, 74 Chaikin, Paul M., 287 Chalmers Technical University, 207 Chance, Britton, 256 Chang, Iris, 4, 274 Chang, Michael, 274 Chang, Shau-Jin, 274, pl. 7 Charge density waves, 239, 285-300 Chicago Institute, 15 Chu, Samuel, 277 Churchill, Winston, 99 Civil War, 11, 22
|
From page 451... ...
Index Clark, Paul, 16, 65, 243 Clarkson College, 250 Clem, John Richard, 186 Clinton administration, 279 Cohen, Morrel, 223-224, 226 Cold War, 259-260, 276, 321 Coleman, Paul, 183, 237, 252 Coleridge, Samuel Taylor, 5 Collins, Samuel, 110, 262, 394 Columbia University, 95, 196 Committee of Janes, 272-273 Communists and communism, 152, 171-172, 259-260 Compartmentalization of research, 107, 119 Compton, Karl, 71 Computers and computer revolution, 172, 247, 249 Conant, James, 101 Condon, Edward U., 50-53, 59 Confucius, 317 Conservation of energy principle, 156 Cooke, Helen, 82, 83, 89 Cooper, Leon, 3, 79, 196-203, 205, 210-218, 230, 279, 320, 323, pi. 6 Cooperate approach to learning, 14 Coovert, Richard Elmo, 185 Corak, W., 155 Cornell University, 69, 172, 249, 296 Correlation effect in diffusion, 152 Correspondence principle, 33, 202, 325 Coupling, )
|
From page 452... ...
See also Wave functions density distortions, 285 hole concept, 61, 92, 127, 135, 137-138, 164 -lattice interactions, 155-157, 174, 187-188, 191, 193-194, 196, 211, 213 mean free path calculation, 92 pairs, 198-199, 201-203, 210211,215,218,222,225 plasmas, 192 theory of metals, 34, 48, 59-61 tunneling, 187 Electrons and Holes ;Shockley) , 164, 175 Electrophotography, 242-250 Elementary-particle physics, 3, 217 Elsasser, Walter, 79 Empty lattice test, 72 Energy gap theory, 80-81, 98, 154155, 190, 198-199, 210-211, 214, 216 Entropy principle, 156 Esaki diode, 230 Esaki, Leo, 230-231 Eugenics, 2, 163, 273 European Committee on Crime Problems, 272 European Workshop on Charge Density Waves, 296 INDEX Everitt, William, 158-160 Evolution, theory of, 156 Eyring, Henry, 49 F Fairbank, William, 155 Fairchild Semiconductor, 163 Falicov, Leo, 223, 224 Federal laboratories, effectiveness.
|
From page 453... ...
Index Free-electron model, 191 Frenkel, Yakov, 79 Friederich, Walther, 59 Fritz London Endowment Fund, 279 Fritz London Memorial Lecture, 225, 279 Frohlich, Herbert, 156-157, 192, 196 Frost, Robert, 219 Fry, Thornton, 37 Functional integrals, 196 Future Farmers of America, 21 G Gallo, Charles, 242, 253 Galton, Francis, 5, 315, 317 Gardner, Howard, 318, 321 Gauge invariance, 215, 217, 221, 417 Gavoret, ) ., 184 General Electric, 111, 180, 223, 250 General Motors, 251 General relativity, 53, 68-69 Genius aging and work by, 300, 319 analogy and metaphor in thinking, 141, 323-325 brainstorming, 321-322 bridging principles, 33, 61, 72, 202, 210, 324 childhood trauma and, 132, 318319 confidence, 177-178, 318 contextual dimension, 132, 326329 creativity model, 194, 314-315, 321-322, 329 cycle of achievements, 320 domains for, 315 experimentation, 132, 322-323 interdisciplinary collaboration, 49-50, 62, 69, 107, 111, 127128, 169, 173, 268 intuitiveness, 79, 318 IQ testing, 315, 317 453 learning environments, 49, 50, 55, 67, 327 mentoring and role models, 29, 31-33, 75-76, 326-328 methodological component, 7, 8, 14-15, 33, 54-55, 58, 60, 69, 70, 75, 194, 198, 319-326 motivational and teaching strategies, 14, 29, 54-55, 247 mutual-influences socialization theory, 75-76, 181 personal dimension, 316-319 passion in, 300, 317-318 profile of, 6-7, 315-316 scholarly study of, 329 single-mindedness, 318 sports and, 319 stereotypes, 4-5, 314, 315 worldliness, 6, 322-323 Gentner, Dedre, 323-324, 326 German-Jewish scientists, emigration to U.S., 50-51, 69, 80, 101 Germanium, 110, 122, 123, 134135, 137, 145, 176 Geophysical prospecting, 35-36 Getting, Ivan, 67, 287 Giaever, Ivar, 223-225, 230 Gibney, Robert, 111, 122, 127, 131132, 136, 157, 161 Gilbarg, David, 104 Ginzburg, Vitaly L., 218, 276 Gleick, James, 5 Glenn, John, 219 Glover, Rolfe E., 155, 214 Goethe, Johann Wolfgang von, 5 Gold, 92, 134, 136-137, 155 Goldman, Jacob (Jack1, 248-250 Goldwasser, Edwin (Ned1, 171-172, 189, 274-275, 279 Goldwater, Barry, 273 Good Will Hunting (filmy, 4 Goodman, B., 155 Gopnik, Alison, 318 Gor'kov, Lev, 197, 225-226, 276-277 Gottfried, Kurt, 270, 431
|
From page 454... ...
C., 39 Health care reform, 16 Hebel, Charles, 213 Heeger, Alan, 228 Heisenberg, Werner, 4, 34, 60, 135 Heisenberg uncertainty principle, 97, 297 Helium conservation program, 262-263 liquifier, 110, 394 Henderson, Lawrence ) ., 64 Hennings, Thomas, Jr., 266 Henschel, Ann Bardeen See Bardeen, Ann Herring, Conyers, 49, 51, 55-56, 71, 73, 75, 118, 150, 152, 206, 264 Herring, Louise (nee Preusch1, 118, 156 Hess, Karl, 235, 241 High-energy physics, 171 High-pressure experiments, 68, 7071 Hilbert space, 51 Hirschfelder, Joseph, 49, 57 Hitler, Adolph, 43, 69, 80, 99, 100 Hoffman, John, 266 Holonyak, Katherine (nee Jerger1, 180, 304 Holonyak, Nick, 137-138, 174-181, 185,209,231-232,237,250252, 295, 299, 301-305, 307, 310, pl.
|
From page 455... ...
H., 264 Jones, Harry, 55, 69 Josephson, Brian, 222-226, 230 Josephson effect, 222-223, 226-227, 287 Josephson junctions, 227 K Kabel, Myron, 237 Kadanoff, Leo, 221, 276 Kapitza, Peter, 276 Kapitza thermal boundary resistance, 184 Keck, Charles, 237 Keldysh, Leonid, 276 Kelly, Mervin ) ., 73, 111, 125, 143144, 150, 157, 160, 162, 245246 Kemble, Edwin C., 32, 73, 77 Kennedy, John F., 219, 254, 256, 257, 263 Kerst, Donald, 170 Ketchum, Milo, 170 Keyworth, George, 267-270
|
From page 456... ...
Dr., 85 Lithium, 75 Little Fifer's War Diary, A, 22 Logic of Modern Physics jBridgman) , 75 Lomonosov Award, 277 London, Edith, 279 London, Fritz, 79-80, 190, 194, 197198, 279, 286 London, Heinz, 79-80, 129, 130 London theory, 79-80, 97, 98, 129130, 154-155, 190, 193, 194, 197-198, 201, 216 Loomis, F
|
From page 457... ...
. R., 85, 88, 97, 103 Maxwell, Jim, 85, 109, 233 Maxwell, Sue, 85, 91 Maxwell, Sam, 85 Maxwell-Boltzmann statistics, 60 Maxwell's equations, 80, 216, 229 Mayer, Maria Goeppert, 75 Mayhew, Katherine, 13 McCarthy, Joseph, 152 McCollom, Dannel, 283 McColough, Peter, 249-250 McCristal, King, 237 McDonald, Donald G., 222, 225 McMillan, Joyce, 290 McMillan, William L., 154, 184, 186-188, 222, 235, 238, 290291 Medal of Freedom, 282 Meissner, Hans, 224 Meissner, Walther, 80, 98 457 Meissner effect, 80, 98, 190-191, 198-199, 201, 212, 216 Mellon, Andrew W., 38 Mellon, Richard B., 38 Mellon, William L., 38-39 Mellon Institute, 39 Mendelssohn, Kurt, 155 Menlo Park, 120-121 Meritorious Civilian Service Award, 114 Microchip, 3 Microwave measurement techniques, 129-130 Midwest Electronics Research Center, 252 Migdal, Arkady, 77, 218 Miller, Arthur I., 324, 326 Miller, John, 199, 239, 288, 295, 298, 300 Miller, Piotr B., 185 Millikan, Robert, 73 Minimum-energy state, 79, 92, 195 Missman, Rolland A., Jr., 186 Modern Theory of Solids jSeitz)
|
From page 458... ...
458 N Nakajima, Sadao, 174, 252 Nam, Sang Boo, 187 Nambu, Yoichiro, 217 National Academy of Sciences, 230, 255, 262, 275 National Advisory Committee for Aeronautics jNACA) , 100 National Aeronautics and Space Administration, 257, 288 National Association of Evangelicals, 268 National Association of Manufacturers, 9 National Bureau of Standards, 155, 266 National Center for Advanced Materials, 269 National Child Labor Committee, 9 National Conservation Association, 9-10 National Defense Research Committee jNDRC)
|
From page 459... ...
7 Phase coherence parameter, 201 Phase transitions, 194, 212-213, 216, 222, 226 Philips Laboratories (Eindhoven1, 129, 205 Phillips, James C., 223, 224, 234-235 Photoconductivity process, 242 Photoelectric effect, 59 Photovoltaic effect, 126, 131 Photon-assisted tunneling theory, 287-288, 290, 298 459 Physical Review, 84, 146, 156, 184, 212-213, 215-216, 235, 298 Physical Review Letters, 224, 226, 234-235 Physics Today, 299 Pi Kappa Alpha fraternity, 30-31 Pierce, John, 146-147 Pines, Catherine, 310 Pines, David, 192-193, 196, 217218, 220-221, 231, 233, 276277, 305, 310, 321 Pines, Suzy, 310 Piore, Emmanuel, 173, 256 Pippard, A Brian, 129-130, 155, 194, 202, 216-217, 224, 247, 293 Planck, Max, 59 Planned Parenthood, 263 Poe, Edgar Allen, 5 Polaron problem, 192-193 Population Crisis Committee, 263 Portnoy, William Manos, 185 Pratt Institute, 13 President's Commission on the Patent System, 260 President's Science Advisory Committee (PSAC1, 68, 254259, 266-267, 270-271, 275276 Princeton University, 77 culture/rituals, 46-47, 49 curriculum modernization, 50 faculty, 41, 105, 192, 196, 220 Fine Hall, 45, 49 Graduate College, 41-42, 45-46, 50-52 Institute for Advanced Study, 41, 43, 46-47, 49-50, 196-197, 220 Palmer Physics Laboratory, 45 physics lectures and seminars, 51-52 preliminary exams, 46, 52, 57 Proctor Fellowships, 49, 64, 207 Principles of Quantum Mechanics (Dirac1, 34
|
From page 460... ...
ideal solids, 53-54, 5859, 62 relativistic, 53, 79 and superconductivity, 80-81, 193, 202 wave functions, 33, 63, 71-72, 77 wave mechanical formulation, 51,60, 156 weak paramagnetism of metals, 33, 60 Quantum plasmas, 220 Quantum Principles and Line Spectra Van Vleck) , 33 Quantum statistical mechanics, 221 Quantum theory of metals, 34, 48, 60-62, 69, 78, 218 Quasi-particles, 202-203, 223 INDEX R Rabi, Isadore I., 51, 170, 259 Radar, 100, 110, 130, 175 Radar detectors, 122, 125 Radiation Laboratory.
|
From page 461... ...
, 248 Seaborg, Glenn, 256, 258 Seaborg report, 258-259 Second quantization method, 192 Seeger, Karlheinz, 241, 290, 296, 437 Seitz, Betty, 160, 163, 172 Seitz, Fred, 45-46, 49, 51-57, 59-60, 62-63, 70, 72, 75, 98, 108, 119, 123, 152-153, 158-160, 162163, 172-173, 206-207, 214, 223, 259, 268, 275, 311, 321, 386 Seitz, Jack, 163 Selenium, 244, 248 Selenyi, Paul, 242-243 Semiconductors and metals defense research, 112,121, 123 doping, 61-62, 122, 134-135 early experiments, 111, 125-126, 135, 137-138, 176 461 germanium, 122-123, 134-135, 137, 145, 176 hole theory, 135, 137-138, 141, 145, 176, 302 interfaces, 122,125, 176 oxide films, 135-136 p- and e-junctions, 126, 133-134, 136, 138, 175 patents, 131, 133 photovoltaic effect, 126, 131 rectification, 111, 123, 126-127, 175, 176 silicon, 122-123, 126-127, 133134 supercooling, 128 surface states, 127-128, 131, 137, 176 ultra-high vacuum work, 179 whiskers, 122, 125, 126 Serin, Bernard, 155, 190, 193, 216, 219, 325 Shapiro, Sidney, 226 Sharp Corporation, 322 Shelley, Mary, 5 Shelley, Percy, 5 Sherwin, Chalmers, 275 Shive, John, 138, 145 Shockley, Alison, 143 Shockley, Billy, 143 Shockley, Jean, 119, 143, 147, 162 Shockley, May, 147 Shockley, William Bardeen's relationship with, 2, 71-73, 110, 116, 118-119, 129, 141, 145, 147-148, 150-151, 154, 157-158, 160-161, 163164, 1 75, 295, 302-303 at Bell Labs, 73, 110-111, 122, 125-131, 137, 138, 143-145, 147-148, 150-151, 157-162, 205-206, pi. 4 crystal dislocations research, 128-129, 131 empty lattice test, 72 and eugenics, 2, 163, 273, 303304
|
From page 462... ...
ideal materials, 53-54, 58-59, 62 textbook classics, 69-70 tight-binding method, 70 Sommerfeld, Arnold, 34, 48, 60, 62, 69, 77-78, 92, 279 Sony Corporation, 174, 251-252, 305 Soviet Academy of Sciences, 277 Special theory of relativity, 75 Specific heat, 59 Sperry Corporation, 111 Spontaneous symmetry breaking, 3, 198, 217 Sproull, Robert L., 249 Sputnik, 254 SQUID Superconducting Quantum Interference Device) magnetometers, 226-227 Stanford University, 163, 315 Stevens Institute of Technology, 210 Stoddard, George, 311 Stoner, Edmund, 129 Strategic Defense Initiative, 268270 Strong-coupling method, 194 Submarine detection device, 109 Sugarbaker, David, 306-308 Sugawara, Todashi, 264-265 Sulloway, Frank, 326
|
From page 463... ...
Index Superconducting materials, 3-4, 293-294 Superconducting Super Collider, 279-280 Superconductivity acoustic attenuation, 214 aluminum, 213-214 BCS theory, 3-4,194-203,210218,225,293 Bloch's theorem and, 4,79,201 Bohm-Pines theory and, 192,200 boundary energy and, 191 and charge density waves, 285300 commercial applications, 263 Cooper pairs, 198-199,201-203, 210-211,215,218,222,224225,289,293-294 credit for discovery, 214-215, 229-230 and diamagnetism, 80,97-98, 191,216 early research and theories, 7879,129,197-198,384 electron-lattice interactions, 155-157,174,187-188,191, 193-194,196,211,213 energy gap theory, 80-81,98, 154-155,190,198-199,210211,214,216,286,294 excitonic, 228,234-235 field theory applied to, 191-192, 194,196-197,212 gauge invariance issue, 215,217 high-temperature, 220,239,242, 253,293-294 interaction energies, 191 isotope effect, 155,157,216 Josephson effect, 222-227 junctions, 288 lattice vibrations, 187,190,192194,230 London theory, 79-80,97,98, 129-130,154-155,190,193194,197-198,201,216,279 463 long-range order, 198,201-202, 210,286 many-body theory and, 191-192, 195-197,200,203,217 Maxwell's equations and, 80 Meissner effect, 80,98,190-191, 198-199,201,212,216 microwave experiments, 129-130 minimum-energy state and, 79, 92,195 momentum space, 201,203,211 order parameter, 193-194,211 parallel research efforts, 155, 156-157,173,205,212 Pauli principle and, 211 polaron problem and, 192-193 publication of results, 212-216 quantum-mechanical framework, 80-81,193,202 quasi-particles and, 202-203, 223,225 ring current theory and, 191 second-order phase transitions, 194,212-213,216 skeptics and skeptisicm about BCS theory, 216-218 subproblems, 190-191 symmetry breaking, 3,198,217, 224,225,286 t-matrix methods, 200 technologies, 4 thermodynamics, 80,191,212 thin-film experiments, 191, 214 tin, 155 tunneling, 222-227,230-231, 286-300 wave functions, 190-191,193194,203,210-212,214-215 Superfluidity, 218,221,226-227, 229,231,238,261,288 Supertex, 251 Surface states, 72,76-77,122,127128,133-134,176 Sylvania, 111 Szanton, Andrew, 54
|
From page 464... ...
See also Semiconductors and metals announcement of discovery, 140141, 147, 148 Bell Labs research, 72, 123, 131141, 143-146 bipolar, 136-137, 143-145, 150, 302-303 credit for discovery, 2, 147-148 INDEX demonstrations and lectures, 140-141, 149, 173, 175, 206, 227, pi. 8 designs, 123, 126-127, 132-134, 136, 138-141 early research, 144, 176 effect, 137, 138, 323 and electronic revolution, 3, 149150, 174, 177, 206, 246, 251, 306 field-effect, 2, 3, 125, 126-127, 128, 131, 132-134, 136-137, 141, 143, 144, 157, 303 hearing-aid applications, 149-150 hole concept in, 134-139, 141, 145 industry leader, 249 invention, 1, 48, 131-141, 246247, 301, 306 junction, 2, 131, 143, 144-145, 150, 158, 161-162, 174, 302303, 403 line-contact design, 139-140 military classification, 146 MOS-FET, 137 naming, 146-147 parallel research efforts, 146 patents, 137, 143, 144-145, 146, 157, 174, 302-303, 403 point-contact design, 132-34, 137, 139-140, 143, 146, 150, 157, pls.
|
From page 465... ...
Public Health Service, 102 V Vacuum tube technology, 1, 123124, 126, 147, 177, 246 Vail, Thomas N., 123 Valenta, Milton William, 185 Van Hise, Charles, 10-13 Van Orman Quine, Willard, 68 Van Vleck, Abigail, 204 Van Vleck, Edward, 32 Van Vleck, John, 3, 7, 32-34, 36, 41, 48-49, 64-65, 70, 73, 75, 84, 153, 204, 227, pi. 2 Vanderslice, John, 47 Veblen, Oswald, 41, 46-47, 49 Vernersson, Carl, 234 Verwey, E
|
From page 466... ...
Brattain Lectureship, 304 Washington Female Seminary, 43 Wave functions, 33, 63, 71, 72, 77 defined, 127 ground-state, 193 rigidity, 80-81, 190, 194 single-electron, 191, 225 for superconducting ground state, 80-81, 190-191, 193-194, 203, 210-212, 214-215 Weart, Spencer, 62 Weaver, Warren, 31-32, 36, 41-42 Wei, Ling Yun, 185 Weinberg, Alvin, 151 Weisskopf, Viktor, 77, 217 Welker, Heinrich, 146, 403 Wellesley College, 43, 68 Werstler, Bill, 237, 305, 311 Werstler, Esther, 237 Western Electric Company, 34-35 Westinghouse Corporation, 111 Wetzel, Will, 96, 391 Weyl, Hermann, 47, 49 Wheatley, John, 184, 221 Wheeler, John, 105 Whitehead, Alfred North, 64 White House dinner, 219 White House Science Council, 267269 Whitman College, 304 Whitmore, William, 108 Whitney, Eli, 282 Wiedemann-Franz ratio, 228 INDEX Wiesner, Jerome, 255-257 Wigner, Eugene, 3, 7, 47, 50-60, 6263, 65, 72, 75, 77, 88, 108, 122, 153, 164, 198, 204, 320321, 325, 373, pl. 2 Wigner-Seitz method, 70, 75 Wilkins, John Warren, 186 Will, Frederick, 275 William L
|
From page 467... ...
Index z Zawadowski, Alfred, 287 Zemansky, Mark, 155 467 Zeta Psi social fraternity, 30 Zuckerman, Harriet, 76, 181
|
From page 469... ...
Above right: John Bardeen as a toddler in 1909. Below: The family of Charles R
|
From page 470... ...
(University of WisconsinMadison ArchivesJ Left: John Van Vleck introduced John Bardeen to quantum physics when John was an engineering student at the University of Wisconsin. Van Vleck later supported Bardeen's pursuit of a physics career at Princeton, Harvard, Minnesota, and elsewhere.
|
From page 471... ...
Plate 3 Left: John Bardeen and his bride Jane Maxwell pose for a snapshot at their wedding in July 1938, at the end of Bardeen's time as a Harvard Junior Fellow {1935-38~. His physics career at Minnesota was cut short by wartime work in Washington, D.C., a tense time in which he often read, above right, the "train book" to Billy, who had memorized every word.
|
From page 472... ...
He would have found the photograph below where Brattain is handling the apparatus, Bardeen is entering data, and Shockley looks on a more accurate depiction of the conditions under which the transistor was invented. (All photos this page courtesy of Lucent Technologies' Bell LabsJ
|
From page 473... ...
Bardeen, Mikoto Kikuchi of Sony Corporation, and Nick Holonyak, Bardeen's first graduate student. Sony endowed a $3 million chair at the University in Bardeen's name in 1990.
|
From page 474... ...
Plate 6 Left: Bardeen, in 1972 in Stockholm, accepting his second Nobel Prize in physics for the development, with )
|
From page 475... ...
(Gordon BaymJ
|
From page 476... ...
Left: John Bardeen, an · .
|
Key Terms
This material may be derived from roughly machine-read images, and so is provided only to facilitate research.
More
information on Chapter Skim is available.