Statistical Issues in Allocating Funds by Formula (2003) / Chapter Skim
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8. International Perspective
8. International Perspective
Pages 71-78
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From page 71... ...
that can be allocated to jurisdictions, in order to constrain expenditure for the financing jurisdiction and to preserve stability for the recipient jurisdiction. The issue of whether and how to account for differential costs of providing services across jurisdictions arises in most programs.
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From page 72... ...
Nevertheless, it has many of the characteristics of conventional formula allocation programs that transfer funds in the opposite direction. When the United Nations came into existence it instituted a mechanism that would systematically allocate the contributions to be secured from member states to finance its operations.
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From page 73... ...
· A scheme of limits designed to mitigate extreme variations in assessments between two successive scales. · A mitigation process whereby the resulting scale derived from the step-by-step application of the methodology is adjusted in order to take account of relevant factors, such as natural disasters and civil strife, that could have possible impact on capacity to pay.
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From page 74... ...
Each province's ability to generate revenues, measured by applying national average tax rates to commonly defined provincial tax bases, is compared on a per capita basis with a common standard. Provinces below the standard receive their shortfall in per capita fiscal capacity multiplied by their population; provinces above the standard receive nothing (and contribute nothing)
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From page 75... ...
They are: NFLD = Newfoundland, PEI = Prince Edward Island, NB = New Brunswick, NS = Nova Scotia, MAN = Manitoba, QUE= Quebec, SASK = Saskatchewan, BC = British Columbia, ANT = Ontario, and ALB = Alberta (Taylor et al., 2002~. · Special measures have been put in place to counter distorting impacts of sudden price shifts in some commodities and dominance of a particular source of revenue by one province.
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From page 76... ...
They are: NFLD = Newfoundland, PEI = Prince Edward Island, NB = New Brunswick, NS = Nova Scotia, MAN = Manitoba, QUE= Quebec, SASK = Saskatchewan, BC = British Columbia, ANT = Ontario, and ALB = Alberta (Taylor et al., 2002~. Commonwealth Grants Commission, established by an Act of Parliament in 1933, provides independent advice to the Australian Parliament on intergovernmental financial relations, particularly grants of financial assistance by the commonwealth (i.e., federal)
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From page 77... ...
Agricultural levies. · Customs duties, derived from the application of the common customs tariff to the customs value of goods imported from nonmember countries.
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From page 78... ...
As noted earlier, the UN assessment scale provides for relief to nations affected by anomalous situations, such as a sudden and temporary severe distortion of the foreign exchange values of their currencies. Such situations have also arisen in the European Community.
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