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Self-Perpetuating Structural States in Biology, Disease, and Genetics (2002) / Chapter Skim
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Histone H3 variants specify modes of chromatin assembly
Pages 101-108

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From page 101...
... H3 Variants Determine the Nucleosome Assembly Pathway Studies of histone deposition have generally been done using crude extracts, purified components or pools of cells from which bulk chromatin is extracted (15~. These methods reveal the average properties of chromatin, and have shown that the bulk of chromatin doubles as DNA replicates.
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From page 102...
... Transcriptional activity, chromatin remodeling factors, and RNA polymerases (orange) will unfold the chromatin fiber and disrupt nucleosome (gray)
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From page 103...
... The statistically significant association of replication tracts with non-Cid chromatin across the domain suggests that origins have a fixed relationship to the chromatin blocks, and that H3-containing blocks replicate out of phase from Cidcontaining blocks. for the centromeric constriction has suggested that loops of DNA coil through the constriction, with centromeric nucleosomes lying in the outward parts of these coils, and conventional nucleosomes in the interior portions (21, 27, 28)
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From page 104...
... This result is consistent with our previous demonstration that centromere replication precedes that of surrounding heterochromatin (8~. Within centromeric domains, it was reported that H3- and CenH3-containing chromatin replicate concurrently (21~.
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From page 105...
... Thus, we need to consider the possibility that RI deposition at active genes and at centromeres uses generic remodeling activities, and that components or structural aspects common to both centromeres and actively transcribed genes may result in RI histone deposition at both kinds of sites. Opening a Space for Histone Replacement The deposition of histories throughout the cell cycle by a replication-independent process implies that previously existing nucleosomes are unraveled, and their histones released.
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From page 106...
... The incorporation pattern of ectopic Cid is especially clear on mitotic chromosomes from these transfections, where the tagged protein is incorporated throughout the euchromatic arms as well as at centromeres (Fig.
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From page 107...
... The process of RI assembly at active genes provides a novel level of control over histone modifications. Replacement of nucleosomes in one modification state by new histones could switch chromatin to an active state.
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From page 108...
... . Verreault, A
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Key Terms

  • nucleosome assembly
  • active genes
  • chromatin assembly
  • centromeric domain
  • centromere replication

  • histone deposition
  • dna replication
  • replication patterns
  • budding yeast
  • centromeres replicate

  • mitotic chromosomes
  • centromeric nucleosomes
  • histone variants
  • chromatin fibers
  • replication fork

  • surrounding heterochromatin
  • centromeric domains
  • replication forks
  • assembly factor
  • nucleotide analog

  • stretched chromatin
  • chromatin remodeling
  • chromatin structure
  • conventional nucleosomes
  • remodeling factors

  • histone octamers
  • centromeric dna
  • rna polymerases
  • chromatin replicates
  • cell division


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