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Self-Perpetuating Structural States in Biology, Disease, and Genetics (2002) / Chapter Skim
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Self-perpetuating epigenetic pili switches in bacteria
Pages 94-100

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From page 94...
... 1~. There are six pap DNA Lrp binding sites, designated sites 1-6, within the pap regulatory region spaced 16470-16476 1 PNA5 1 December 10, 2002 1 vol.
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From page 95...
... * Wild type IrpcrpdampaplpapBhnsLeucine-responsive regulatory protein Catabolite gene activator protein DNA adenine methylase Local regulatory protein Local regulatory protein Histone-like nucleoid structuring protein *
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From page 96...
... Binding of Lrp at sites 4-6 in phase ON cells and sites 1-3 in phase OFF cells controls the DNA methylation pattern by blocking methylation of the bound GATC site. mater, including Lrp binding sites, have been deleted (486 MU)
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From page 97...
... Wild-type and mutant pap DNA regulatory regions are shown at the left. Substitutions in Lrp binding sites 3 and 4 are depicted by an "X" and point mutations in GATC6ist and GATCPr°X that disrupt DNA methylation are shown as "GCTC" sequences.
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From page 98...
... However, this 15.5-kDa global regulatory protein does modulate Pap phase switching, and appears to play an essential role in the repression of Pap expression by environmental signals including low temperature (27~. At temperatures below 26°C, H-NS appeared to bind to the pap regulatory region as evidenced by methylation 16474 1 www.pnas.org/cgi/doi/10.1073/pnas.182427199 protection of the two pap GATC sites (6~.
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From page 99...
... Not only do pap phase ON cells express Pap pill at their surface, but type 1 pill expression is turned off as a result (34~. Although the physiological relevance of this effect is not known, Pap and type 1 pill bind to different receptors and have distinct roles in pathogenesis: type 1 pill are required for colonization of the lower urinary tract by uropathogenic E
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From page 100...
... A., van der Woude, M
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Key Terms

  • binding sites
  • pap phase
  • papba transcription
  • binding site
  • pap dna

  • phase variation
  • pap transcription
  • pap pill
  • regulatory protein
  • pap regulatory

  • papba promoter
  • dna methylation
  • papi transcription
  • regulatory region
  • rna polymerase

  • cap binding
  • switch rate
  • phase switching
  • dna adenine
  • adenine methylase

  • methylation pattern
  • activator protein
  • papi promoter
  • gene activator
  • phase switch

  • feedback loop
  • essential role
  • activates papi
  • lrp binds
  • papb feedback


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