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Appendix B: Overview of Atmospheric Transport and Dispersion Modeling
Pages 69-71

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From page 69... ... Examples of major events are the use of CB agents in World Wars I and II, the nuclear tests of the 1950s, the 1968 Clean Air Act and its 1990 amendments passed by the U.S. Congress, the discovery of acid lakes in the 1970s, the discovery of the ozone hole in the 1980s, the Bhopal chemical accident, the Chernobyl nuclear plant accident, the Gulf war, the Japanese subway chemical agent release, and the September 11, 2001, terrorist attacks. Read the entire page →
From page 70... ... Emergency response models have been needed at all times, and some examples include the Air Force's OBDG and AFTOX models from the 1960s and 1970s, the proprietary SAFER model system (including on-site meteorological instruments, dedicated computers, training, and automatic alarms) sold to hundreds of chemical plants in the 1980s, the DOE LLNL MATTHEWADPIC system (which was originally designed for nuclear facilities and recently has been transformed into ADAPT-LODI part of NARAC for C/B/N releases) Read the entire page →
From page 71... ... The accelerated studies of CFD models should produce data sets for analysis and parameterization. Research needs also include better parameterizations of mean flow vectors and turbulence in the lowest 2 km for all time periods and surface types, improved methods of real-time modeling using limited inputs, development of criteria for the best expected model agreement with observations, and optimization of methods to use new remote data systems. Read the entire page →

From page 69...

... Examples of major events are the use of CB agents in World Wars I and II, the nuclear tests of the 1950s, the 1968 Clean Air Act and its 1990 amendments passed by the U.S. Congress, the discovery of acid lakes in the 1970s, the discovery of the ozone hole in the 1980s, the Bhopal chemical accident, the Chernobyl nuclear plant accident, the Gulf war, the Japanese subway chemical agent release, and the September 11, 2001, terrorist attacks.

Read the entire page →

From page 70...

... Emergency response models have been needed at all times, and some examples include the Air Force's OBDG and AFTOX models from the 1960s and 1970s, the proprietary SAFER model system (including on-site meteorological instruments, dedicated computers, training, and automatic alarms) sold to hundreds of chemical plants in the 1980s, the DOE LLNL MATTHEWADPIC system (which was originally designed for nuclear facilities and recently has been transformed into ADAPT-LODI part of NARAC for C/B/N releases)

Read the entire page →

From page 71...

... The accelerated studies of CFD models should produce data sets for analysis and parameterization. Research needs also include better parameterizations of mean flow vectors and turbulence in the lowest 2 km for all time periods and surface types, improved methods of real-time modeling using limited inputs, development of criteria for the best expected model agreement with observations, and optimization of methods to use new remote data systems.

Read the entire page →

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Appendix B: Overview of Atmospheric Transport and Dispersion Modeling Pages 69-71

Appendix B: Overview of Atmospheric Transport and Dispersion Modeling
Pages 69-71