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Regenerative Medicine (2003) / Chapter Skim
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17 One strategy for cell and gene therapy: Harnessing the power of adult stem cells to repair tissues
Pages 101-107

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From page 101...
... Spees Center for Gene Therapy, Tulane University Health Sciences Center, 1430 Tulane Avenue, SL-99, New Orleans, LA 70112 t, Most recent evidence suggests that the process of tissue repair is driven by stem-like cells that reside in multiple tissues but are replenished by precursor cells from bone marrow. Among the candidates for the reparative cells are the adult stem cells from bone marrow referred to as either mesenchymal stem cells or marrow stromal cells (MSCs)
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From page 102...
... Finally, the observations indicat ing that cell fusion is unexpectedly common in experiments with adult stem cells raise a new series of unanswered questions as to the fate of such cells during repair of tissue damage. Cell fusion cannot explain the ability of clonally derived marrow cells to differentiate into multiple cell phenotypes in culture (for exam ples, see refs.
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From page 103...
... However, confluent cultures of the large, mature cells continue to secrete a number of growth factors, an observation consistent with their ability to serve as feeder layers for hematopoietic stem cells. By analogy with the hematopoietic stem cell system (69, 70)
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From page 104...
... 34. The expression of WntSa by stationary-phase cultures was consistent with their role as feeder layers for hematopoietic stem cells, because recent observations Prockop et a/.
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From page 105...
... A number of cells contained a single nucleus with one Y and three X chromosomes, indicating that a male MSC and a female SAEC had undergone both cell fusion and nuclear fusion. A rare cell was found with a single nucleus that contained one Y and five X chromosomes, indicating fusion of three nuclei, one from a male GFP+ MSC cell, and two from female SAECs.
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From page 106...
... 37-39~. At the moment it is not clear whether the high rate of cell fusion is a urtique property of MSCs or some fortuitous combination of the MSCs and the heat-shocked epithelial cells.
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From page 107...
... (2002) Stem Cells 20, 530-541.
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Key Terms

  • cell fusion
  • stem cells
  • epithelial cells
  • hematopoietic stem
  • marrow cells

  • lag phase
  • reparative cells
  • single nucleus
  • adult stem
  • stationary phase

  • observation consistent
  • tissue repair
  • x chromosomes
  • recent observations
  • feeder layers

  • exponential growth
  • experimental animals
  • nuclear fusion
  • animal models
  • organ transplants

  • marrow transplants
  • low densities
  • adherent cells
  • gene therapy
  • male msc

  • lag period
  • mscs differentiated
  • expressed gfp
  • rare cell
  • embryonic stem


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