Monitoring Metabolic Status Predicting Decrements in Physiological and Cognitive Performance (2004) / Chapter Skim
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Appendix B: Metabolic Monitoring at the National Aeronautics and Space Administration: A Concept for the Military
Appendix B: Metabolic Monitoring at the National Aeronautics and Space Administration: A Concept for the Military
Pages 219-232
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From page 219... ...
Office of Space Medicine, in collaboration with NASA's Ames Research Center and the Stanford University Medical Center, has been interested in the field of metabolic monitoring for some time. In the aerospace environment crew time is a very precious commodity due to limited resources and limited personnel; metabolic monitoring can be used to optimize crew function and minimize the risk of fatigue and illness through the observation and interpretation of physiological data.
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From page 220... ...
In addition, monitoring can also assist in the evaluation of specific performance metrics, such as cognition, workload, situational awareness, memory, and concentration, to ensure that critical or complex tasks are performed by competent operators. Fatigue is a constant concern in space operations because circadian cues are disrupted and sleep shifting is common, and it is thus considered ideally suited to monitoring.
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From page 221... ...
In addition, the level and type of parameter must be specified, such as individual data,group information, environmental details, and/or interactive information. For example, monitoring of an individual could report basic vital signs (e.g., body temperature, pulse oximetry, heart rate, respiratory rate, blood pressure, heart rate variability, electrocardiogram tracing)
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· Feedback/recommendation generation. Analysis by the algorithms or decision trees will in turn generate recommendations to prevent, mitigate, diagnose, or treat a medical event since the simple relay of data from the sensors to the average crewmember will not be of value.
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From page 223... ...
Three primary subsystems have been identified: an external data interface that receives information from the various devices, a data-handling subsystem that processes the information into a homogeneous format, and a ground communications subsystem that transmits the information to an algorithm library, to a data storage device, to a local display, and to remote sites (e.g., the Flight Surgeon console in the Mission Control Center)
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From page 224... ...
Under contingency operations the main focus of data analysis should be directed toward diagnostic and therapeutic algorithms. For example, in the context of an episode of abdominal pain, the system can send sensor data to diagnostic tools in order to obtain first a presumptive diagnosis of, for example, appendicitis, and then use this diagnosis to select appropriate treatment guidelines and algorithms that will in turn generate recommendations regarding stabilizing care and the need for immediate surgery.
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From page 225... ...
For nominal operations, however, predictive and preventive algorithms will be more widely used. For example, these algorithms could determine whether a continuing trend in body temperature presages imminent heat exhaustion, which interventions in the short terser could prevent this from occurring, and which intervention would be most appropriate.
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From page 226... ...
In addition to the data obtained through the medical devices (such as blood pressure, heart rate, or temperature) , the system also prompts the caregiver to reassess the patient at regular intervals and information regarding response to analgesics, appetite, nausea, and other subjective parameters is entered, so constant review and revision of the diagnosis and treatment occurs.
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Accutracker 11 Blood Pressure Monitor OR Base Station FIGURE B-4 Top panel shows a schematic of the LifeGuard Monitoring System. Bottom panel shows LifeGuard System in use in the NASA Extreme Environment Mission Operations program testbed, summer 2003.
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From page 232... ...
Acknowledgements: NASA-Johnson Space Center/National Space Biomedical Research Institute: Jim Logan, Rick Pettys, M.G. Sriram, Subhajit Sarkar, Christopher Stokes; NASA-Ames Research Center/Stanford University: John Hines, Sekou Crawford, Kevin Montgomery.
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