University Research Centers of Excellence for Homeland Security A Summary Report of a Workshop (2004) / Chapter Skim
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Workshop Summary
Workshop Summary
Pages 1-12
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This is that summary report. The day began with an emphasis on the urgency of developing effective means for countering terrorism and terrorist attacks and a focus on the nation's universities as a major national asset to be harnessed for this effort.
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In this regard, it was observed that first responders and local security officers are more likely to receive training at community colleges than at major research universities. Ties between research universities and federal departments and agencies are long-standing and have fostered a degree of cultural harmonization that generally does not extend to relationships with state and local law enforcement, firefighting, and emergency medical services personnel and activities.
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One participant suggested the involvement of police and fire academies, or similar training schools for first responders, to improve researchers' understanding of what emergency personnel need to do their jobs and also to expose first responders to potential new tools and approaches. Of the following specific topics suggested at the workshop, some were mentioned several times (by different participants)
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o Balancing security needs and other needs that are affected by security measures (e.g., airport throughput; food quality, availability, price; open access to public places and government facilities) · Sources of information and their integration o Integrated sensor networks to include security and other measures to maintain (and understand)
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WORKSHOP DISCUSSION LEADING TO TOPICS IDENTIFIED The topics listed above were neither suggested nor discussed in anything approaching the order of the list -- or any other order, for that matter. Rather, they emerged and re-emerged in the course of the conversation.
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It was suggested that progress toward dealing with emergencies caused by terrorist attacks could be made by tying preparation for those emergencies to preparation for similar types of emergencies that have other sources. Another participant added comments on the issue of access to intelligence information for first responders.
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A social and behavioral sciences-based program could concentrate on threat assessment, and then on post-attack consequence management, crisis management, and recovery studies. It was then suggested that threat assessments and vulnerability assessments need to be integrated.
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Another participant returned to issues related to the collective response to terrorist threats and attacks and added as possible topics for research the news media, group conflict, scapegoating, civil rights, and political repression. Yet another participant suggested law and economics and their potential for study in a homeland security context.
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His Model 2 was a unit integrated into the core academic activities of the institution and its departments. Morgan observed that for many host institutions, Model 1 would be faster and more feasible to establish, could more easily accommodate specific DHS-specified programmatic objectives, and could more easily deal with constraints on information dissemination.
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For example, a center that focused on roots and causes of terrorism, or centers that sought to understand social responses to terrorist actions, would produce research results that could support strategic decisions, rather than specific equipment. National Science Foundation Deputy Director Joseph Bordogna described aspects of currently operating NSF university centers, with the qualifying observation that NSF's and DHS's respective needs are not necessarily similar.
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It was suggested that programs like the Department of Defense's Advanced Concept Technology Demonstrations provide a useful model to follow, giving potential users an opportunity to "buy into" a technology concept early in a program, and then participate in field trials and prototype deployments. The market for rescue and law enforcement equipment, while theoretically large, has yet to be demonstrated.
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Skills attendant to firefighting, rescue work, emergency medicine, and law enforcement are increasingly taught at community colleges and other community-based institutions. Some workshop participants suggested that university centers of excellence for homeland security should include partners at this level.
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