Federal Surveying and Mapping An Organizational Review (1981) / Chapter Skim
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Pages 52-77
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From page 52... ...
Without an overall program manager, there has been no overview of the total federal surveying and mapping program for many years, even though the scope of the program has greatly expanded, spurred on by increasing national needs for data on one hand and by surging scientific and technological progress in these areas on the other. Without a central manager, the growth of surveying and mapping capabilities took place through the years in many federal agencies to provide the 52 , l
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From page 53... ...
military surveying and mapping as a result of the President's decision to eliminate organizational proliferation and centralize program direction by establishing the Defense Mapping Agency. This Panel is convinced that similar benefits would derive from the transfer of surveying and mapping and related functions of the several federal civilian agencies to a Federal Surveying and Mapping Administration.
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From page 54... ...
is organizationally structured into four programmatic Divisions: the National Mapping Division, Geologic Division, Water Resources Division, and Conservation Division; two program-support Divisions: the Administrative Division and Computer Center Division; and two programmatic offices under the Office of the Director: the Office of Natural Petroleum Reserve in Alaska and the Office of Earth Science Applications. The National Mapping Division was organized during fiscal year 1980 to consolidate mapping, charting, geodesy, and surveying programs and activities of the Geological Survey from the former Topographic Division, the former Publications Division, and the former Geography Program (of the Office of Earth Science Applications)
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co ~ 'c 3 _ o ~ ._ ._ o ~ C CL C C E ~ ~ ~ o E E i 1 1 i C)
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It coordinates federal mapping activities and provides leadership in the development and advancement of suneying and mapping technology. Table A.1 gives fiscal year 1980 budget figures for personnel and funding for the National Mapping Division.
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- ~ cn c' .
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Table A.2 gives the fiscal year 1980 budget figures for personnel and funding for the National Ocean Survey. A.3 BUREAU OF LAND MANAGEMENT The cadastral survey organization of the Bureau of Land Management (BLM)
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From page 59... ...
Bureau of Land Management Division of Cadastral Survey Di rector BLM Services Denver Service Center l l Cadastral l Technical Science & Survey Technical Services Technology Examination & Services ~ Approval ~ Cadastral Survey and Cadastral Cadastral Survey Mapping Survey Survey Mapping & | Training l 1 1 1 State District Directors Offices Engineering Project Office Field Survey Photogrammetry Denver Center Cartography Portland Center 1 1 ' 1 Field Office Cadastral Survey 59 11, Field Office
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From page 60... ...
3. Service Center Offices in Denver, Colorado, and Portland, Oregon, that report through channels to the Director of the Denver Service Center and are responsible primarily for the Cadastral surveys required by other federal agencies.
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From page 62... ...
In August 1962, in viewofNASA'sresponsibilitiesforinternationalcooperation in the field of space sciences, Congress directed the Agency to implement a National Geodetic Satellite Program to meet the needs of all interested parties, scientific and military. This program was initially coordinated by the Geodetic Satellite Policy Board chaired by NASA with members from the Department of Commerce/National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration and the Department of Defense/Defense Mapping Agency.
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Defense Mapping Agency Headquarters Aerospace Hydrographic/ Distribution Inter Defense Center Topographic Services American Mapping Center Geodetic Survey School ' ,
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From page 64... ...
Appendix B Prior Surveying and Mapping Studies The most detailed study of federal surveying and mapping functions and operations prior to the 1973 Report of the Federal Mapping Task Force on Mapping, Charting, Geodesy and Surveying of the Office of Management and Budget was conducted by the Science Advisory Board of the National Research Council at the request of the Bureau of the Budget. The Board transmitted, on November 13, 1934, a "Report of the Committee on Mapping Services of the Federal Government together with Exhibits." Included in this report were summary statements of studies completed prior to 1934 (pages 170-179)
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From page 65... ...
NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES, 1878 Congress in 1X78 directed the National Academy of Sciences to investigate the scientific surveys being conducted under jurisdiction of the War Department and the Interior Department and the surveys of the General Land Office; and to report to Congress a plan for surveying and mapping the 170 i.;;
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From page 67... ...
This Commission employed two expert accountants to make a report on " Public Surveys." The report of the experts, which was approved by the Commission and submitted to Congress, recommended that all land surveys, including geologic and scientific investigations, be consolidated in one bureau; and all water surveys in another. The bureau to direct the land surveys, to be known as the " United States Survey" and located in the Interior Department,.should combine the geodetic work of the Coast and Geodetic Survey, the topographic and other work of the Geological Survey and the land-parceling work of the General Land Office.
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From page 68... ...
This body was known as the President's Commission on Economy and Efficiency, or the Cleveland Commission. An " Interior Department Committee " was appointed by the Secretary of the Interior to cooperate with the Cleveland Commission; and this Committee in its turn appointed a " Sub-Committee on Surveying, Map Making and Graphic Reproduction." The report of the Sub-Committee recommended, by a vote of 4 to 3, that the land-parceling or subdivisional surveys of the General Land Office and the topographic surveys of the public lands should be consolidated under a single administrative officer; and that the surveys of the Indian Once and of the Reclamation Service should be placed under the same officer, " so far as practicable and feasible." These recommendations were approved by the Interior Department and forwarded to President Taft.
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l,. Geodetic work of Geological Survey.
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The proposals of the Board were not included in the reorganization scheme later submitted by President Harding and his Cabinet (~see below) , nor in the report made to Congress by the Joint Committee on Reorganization of the Executive Departments (tree below)
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From page 71... ...
President Harding after long delay " caused solely by the difficulty which has been encountered in reconciling the views of the various persons charged faith the responsibility of administering the executive branch of the government," submitted to the Committee proposals prepared by the President and.his Cabinet. These proposals did not relate specifically to surveying and mapping activities, blat did include transfer of non-military activities of the War Department, including the Board of Engineers for Rivers and Harbors and the Mississippi River Commission, to the Department of the Interior; transfer of marine activities of the War Department, including the Lake Survey, to the Department of Commerce; transfer of the Hydrographic Office from the Navy Department to the Department of Commerce; transfer of the Bureau of Public Roads from the Department of Agriculture to the Department of the Interior;
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From page 72... ...
During hearings on the President's plan the Secretaries of the Interior, of Commerce, and of the Navy advocated transfer of the geodetic work of the Coast and Geodetic Survey to the Geological Surveys, but without success.
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From page 73... ...
These results were embodied in a seric-s of ten or more Executive Orders which made wholesale regro~pings or consolidations of 58 executive agencies. By these Orders many non-mi I itary activities of the Corps of Engineers, including those of the Mississippi River Commission and the Board of Engineers for Rivers and Harbors, were transferred from the War Department to a new Division of Public \Vorl;s in the Department of the Interior, which was also to include the Bureau of Reclamation anti the Geological Survey already in the Department, and the Bureau of Public Roads which was transferred there from the Department of Agriculture; the Bureau of Indian Affairs and the National Park Service of the Interior Department were grouped with other services in a new Division of Education, Health and Recreation in that Department; the Forest Service and the Bureaus of Chemistry and Soils in the Department of Agriculture and the General Land Office in the Department of the Interior were transferred to a new Division of Land Utilization in the Department of Agriculture; the Hydrographic Office of the Navy Department and the Lal;e Survey of the War Department were transferred to the Coast and Geodetic Survey, the consoIidated group forming part of a new Merchant Marine Division in the Department of Commerce.
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From page 74... ...
Its endorsement must be weighed as that of a committee studying and reporting on a single bureau, without sufficient opportunity to investigate conditions in the many other bureaus affected by proposals of the Board of Surveys and Maps. Thus regarded, the report of the Committee is valuable for its-approval of the work of the Coast and Geodetic Survey, evidenced by its recommendation that this unit be made the nucleus of the proposed Bureau of Surveys and Maps; and as further evidence of the widespread demand for some form of consolidation of mapping activities.
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From page 75... ...
The consolidation proposed will unite under efficient expert direction all major Federal land and water s~;eys except cadastral surveys of the General Land Office. All changes contemplated, except that involving the International Boundary Commission, have repeatedly been urged following previous studies of this problem.
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From page 76... ...
76 FEDERAL SURVEYING AND MAPPING: ORGANIZATIONAL REVIEW 142 SCIENCE ADVISORY BOARD The proposed consolidation will provide the most efficient instrument possible for utilizing large numbers of men in all parts of the country in a ~ ell-considered program for pushing rapidly to completion the standard topographic map of the United States. Since the completion of this map will save the nation many millions of dollars annually thereafter, a large mapping program is in effect a relief measure in which every dollar spent will soon pay large dividends, and continue to pay them far into the future.
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From page 77... ...
Review of Geodetic Surveying Activities within the Federal Government, prepared by the Comptroller General of the United States (GAO Report B133188) January 25, 1967~.
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