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Strengthening U.S.-Russian Cooperation on Nuclear Nonproliferation Recommendations for Action (2005) / Chapter Skim
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Appendix F On Some Issues of Global Security and Nonproliferation of Nuclear Weapons, L. D. Ryabev
Pages 54-59

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From page 54...
... The nuclear arms down to nonweapons grade; race that started in 1945 after the detonation of the first · Nuclear testing has been banned; nuclear bomb led to the accumulation by the former USSR · A number of nuclear weapons complex production faand the United States of tens of thousands of nuclear muni cilities has been shut down; tions and to the appearance of new nuclear weapons states. · Defense industrial base personnel have been cut; and The accumulated nuclear weapons stockpiles could have · Finally, many hundreds of missiles (specifically, 1,846 led to mutual destruction of the two countries.
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From page 55...
... The nuclear powers are losing their leadership positions Discouraging is the hard-to-explain position of the United and initiative in nuclear disarmament, which is a constituent States regarding ratification of the Comprehensive Test Ban element of the nonproliferation policy, threat reduction, and Treaty. Such unilateral actions speak to the lack of trust and security building.
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From page 56...
... Finally, and possibly most importantly, nuclear weap- · There are nonstate actors and terrorist groups that are ons serve as an additional, last-resort measure in terms of actively pursuing nuclear weapons and materials, while protecting one's country from external pressures: it is doubt- clearly existing outside the NPT; ful that the United States would have attacked Iraq if Iraq · The black market for nuclear materials and technolohad possessed nuclear weapons. gies has expanded, considering that privately owned compa Still, there is no international security system that would nies and individuals possess nuclear knowledge; protect a country against external threats.
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From page 57...
... , and has had nothing to do with At the same time, such requirements are not imposed on, India's, Pakistan's, or Israel's nuclear weapons capabilities for example, Brazil, which has been developing its nuclear or with Iraq's or Libya's nuclear ambitions, the West still power industry and nuclear fuel cycle, including uranium embraces its consistent proliferation concerns embodied by enrichment. This situation requires a detailed and in-depth Russia, especially now that terrorism is on the rise.
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From page 58...
... mote monitoring techniques will be developed to preclude unauthorized activities, including such activities at nuclear Besides, interlaboratory collaboration could be expanded fuel cycle facilities or power generation facilities; and to involve other countries in areas of science such as thermo- nuclear technologies and facilities will be assessed and rated nuclear fusion, computing technologies and programming, in terms of their proliferation potential. laser technologies, and nanomaterials.
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From page 59...
... ing of strategic stability and security and is in the best inter The global partnership must encompass not only nuclear- est of both countries and the entire global community as a powered submarine disposition, nuclear material disposal, whole. and elimination of nuclear weapons but also the develop- Another important aspect is addressing, through such fora ment of a new nonproliferation regime and finding solutions as U.S.-Russian joint working groups at both the governto the related key scientific and technological challenges that mental and the nongovernmental levels, the issues of seculie ahead.
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Key Terms

  • nuclear technologies
  • nuclear disarmament
  • former ussr
  • nuclear materials
  • spent nuclear

  • weapons states
  • fuel cycle
  • nuclear stockpiles
  • nuclear energy
  • nuclear material

  • pursuing nuclear
  • nuclear activities
  • nonproliferation regime
  • nuclear arms
  • nuclear knowledge

  • nuclear nonproliferation
  • significant nuclear
  • peaceful nuclear
  • nuclear powers
  • weapons stockpiles

  • weapons complex
  • weapons nonproliferation
  • cycle facilities
  • export control
  • treaty organization

  • additional protocol
  • strategic stability
  • physical protection
  • global security
  • power industry


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