Strategies for Preservation of and Open Access to Scientific Data in China Summary of a Workshop (2006) / Chapter Skim
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3 Summaries of Presentations on International Perspectives
3 Summaries of Presentations on International Perspectives
Pages 21-34
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From page 21... ...
National Committees for CODATA. TRENDS IN DEVELOPMENT OF INTERNATIONAL SCIENTIFIC DATA AND INFORMATION1 The commitment of UNESCO2 to the essential good of the free flow of information and access to knowledge sources is inspired by its Constitution, which states that "the wide diffusion of culture, and the education of 1Based on a presentation by Yasuyuki Aoshima, United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization, available at http://www7.nationalacademies.org/usnc-codata/ Aoshima_Presentation.ppt.
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From page 22... ...
After an extensive round of negotiations, the General Conference of UNESCO adopted at its 32nd session in October 2003 the Recommendation concerning the Promotion and Use of Multilingualism and Universal Access to Cyberspace. The Recommendation recognizes the importance of promoting equitable access to information and knowledge, especially in the public domain, and reiterates UNESCO's conviction that the organization should have a leading role in encouraging access to information for all, supporting multilingualism and cultural diversity on the global information networks.
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From page 23... ...
A significant aspect of the Recommendation concerning the Promotion and Use of Multilingualism and Universal Access to Cyberspace is the promotion of the social and cultural dimensions of universal access and the equitable balance between the interests of rights holders and the public interest. It is a major challenge for all those involved in the expansion of the emerging information society to contribute to maintaining a balance between copyright protection and access to information in the public domain.
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While some countries are leading or keeping up with scientific and technical progress and with the digital information revolution, developing countries have to make huge efforts to gain access to the necessary infrastructure and to take full advantage of ICTs. It is indeed paradoxical that if ICTs facilitate communication from the global to the local levels and vice versa, they can also broaden the digital gap between those who participate in the information society and benefit from it and those who cannot.
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The traditional exchange arrangements between scientific colleagues no longer suffice to guarantee the necessary openness of access to digital data resources. Optimum access requires formal agreements on the conditions of access at both the national and international levels.
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In short, new governmental science policies on data access and new data policies of research funding organizations will influence the future course of international research practices. The development of international approaches to data access holds the promise of opening up exciting new dimensions of international scientific cooperation.
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With regard to data policy, ICSU is a strong advocate of "full and open access"8 to scientific data and "universal and equitable access"9 to scientific publications. ICSU also has been very actively involved with CODATA, UNESCO, and other international science partners in the two phases of the United Nations World Summit on the Information Society (WSIS)
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The report also identifies long-term support for archiving and considerations regarding data integrity and data privacy as essential requirements for effective data preservation. 10 See http://www.icsu.org for the full agenda for action and details of other ICSU publications and activities relating to the WSIS.
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INTER-ACADEMY PANEL INITIATIVES ON PROMOTING ACCESS TO SCIENTIFIC INFORMATION12 The IAP is a global network of over 90 Academies of Science designed to promote their greater participation in science policy discussions as well as policies that strengthen scientific institutions. Toward that end, the IAP creates partnerships among its member institutions and works closely with other scientific organizations.
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The IAP will convene a meeting of interested members to define this new initiative.15 In addition, it may also develop positions on subcategories of the broad topic of information access including electronic access, access to databases, responsibilities of the publishing industry, public-sector responsibilities, and the information communication technologies infrastructure supporting access to data and information. 14See the Inter-Academy Panel on International Issues.
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From page 31... ...
expanding human dimensions to enhance data flows beyond borders, disciplines, organizations, and generations. CODATA has identified data preservation and data access as priority mandates.
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to create an online portal of resources related to the Permanent Access of Scientific Data and Information.18 In the area of access to scientific data, CODATA has worked closely with ICSU as well to provide an international voice in support of "full and open" access to scientific and technical data as new legislative and treaty regimes have been considered and implemented. Between 1997 and 2003 the joint ad hoc ICSU-CODATA Working Group on Data and Information monitored the implementation of the European Union Database Directive in Europe, and participated as an official "Observer" in the discussions of a potential new database treaty at meetings of the World Intellectual Property Organization (WIPO)
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Since then, the Chinese National Committee for CODATA21 has made efforts to promote China's scientific and technical data activities through its executive body -- the Secretariat located at the Computer Network Information Center of the Chinese Academy of Sciences. The mission of the Chinese National Committee for CODATA is to facilitate construction of scientific databases in China and to promote interdisciplinary and international exchanges, cooperation, and data sharing.
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for CODATA23 provides a bridge between the scientific and technical community in the United States and the international CODATA on data issues. The USNC operates within the National Research Council's Board on International Scientific Organizations and is the principal organizational entity within that Board's Office of International Scientific and Technical Information Programs.
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