Addressing Foodborne Threats to Health Policies, Practices, and Global Coordination: Workshop Summary (2006) / Chapter Skim
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2 Food Safety Oversight
2 Food Safety Oversight
Pages 53-69
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From page 53... ...
John Bailar, chairman of the study committee, discusses the committee's findings and considers why little progress has been made toward implementing the report's recommendations in the seven years since its publication. 1The major federal agencies involved include: the Agricultural Marketing Service, the Animal and Plant Health Inspection Service, the Agricultural Research Service, the Cooperative State Research, Education and Extension Service, the Economic Research Service, the Food Safety and Inspection Service, and the Grain Inspection, Packers, and Stockyards Administration of the United States Department of Agriculture; the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, the Food and Drug Administration, and the National Institutes of Health of the Department of Health and Human Services; the National Marine Fisheries Service of the Department of Commerce; and the Environmental Protection Agency.
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From page 54... ...
Although each country needs to defend its food supply from deliberate contamination, Schlundt maintains that these efforts should be undertaken as part of a comprehensive food safety agenda that extends to the international level. The WHO Global Strategy for Food Safety takes a largely preventive approach, combining surveillance, communication among all stakeholders, and rapid response to foodborne outbreaks.
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From page 55... ...
Clearly, there is an absence of focused leadership in food safety oversight. The federal agencies that share responsibility for food safety are poorly integrated, as are federal, state, and local food safety agencies.
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From page 56... ...
56 & ORA; AMS, ERS, FDA: & & USDA Pesticide Residues CDC; FSIS/USDA; CFSAN/FDA OPPTS/EPA; USDA: ARS, NASS ORD/EPA; CSREES ARS/USDA; CFSAN/FDA USDA:FSIS, AMS/ CFSAN, CVM, OECA/EPA CFSAN/FDA; FSIS CSREES, ARS/ Drugs & Contaminants & & Feeds Food Animal & CDC; CVM/FDA; FSIS/USDA; APHIS CVM/FDA; ARS/USDA/ APHIS CFSAN CVM/FDA; ARS CSREES/ USDA ORA CVM/FDA; FSIS/USDA; APHIS CSREES, ARS/USDA; CVM/FDA food food & CFSAN as as ORA/FDA; Imported Foods CDC, & FSIS/USDA Same domestic products Same domestic products FSIS/USDA; CFSAN ORA/FDA CSREES, ARS/FDA; CFSAN/FDA Rice & Related Grain, & Commodities CDC; CFSAN/FDA ARS/USDA; CFSAN/FDA ARS, CSREES/ USDA; CFSAN/FDA GIPSA/USDA; ORA CFSAN/FDA CSREES, ARS/USDA; CFSAN/FDA & & & Seafood CDC; CFSAN/FDA; NMFS/NOAA CFSAN/FDA; NMFS/NOAA; ARS/USDA CVM CFSAN/FDA; NMFS/NOAA; CSREES ARS/USDA ORA CFSAN/FDA; NMFS/NOAA CFSAN/FDA; CSREES, ARS/USDA; NMFS/NOAA FSIS, ARS, ARS, & FSIS, & ERS, ERS, Oversight Meat Poultry CDC; CFSAN/FDA; USDA: ERS USDA: CSREES, FSIS, ORACBA; CFSAN/FDA USDA: CSREES FSIS/USDA; CFSAN CVM/FDA USDA: CSREES, ARS, ORACBA; CFSAN/FDA Safety B & Food & Products & CVM, & Eggs Egg CDC; CFSAN/FDA; AMS/USDA ARS FSIS/USDA; ORACBA; CFSAN/FDA CFSAN/FDA; ARS/USDA CSREES FSIS/USDA; FDA: CFSAN ORA CFSAN/FDA; FSIS CSREES, ARS/USDA Appendix in Federal in & & ORA, Products provided is (1998)
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From page 57... ...
Countries all over the world are affected by a range of diseases related to food, in effect 3Director, Department of Food Safety, Zoonoses and Foodborne Diseases.
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From page 58... ...
The revised WHO International Health Regulations provides the legal platform for all countries to declare public health emergencies of international concern. The WHO INFOSAN offers a system for alert action and response to public health emergencies involving food, related to both intentional and unintentional contamination events.
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From page 59... ...
Although some national foodborne disease surveillance systems mainly collect information on the number of outbreaks and the number of cases involved in the outbreaks, for most foodborne diseases the majority of cases are sporadic. Surveillance systems must include measures to estimate also the sporadic part of the foodborne disease burden.
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From page 60... ...
Food terrorism is defined as an act or threat of deliberate contamination of food for human consumption with chemical, biological, or radionuclear agents for the purpose of causing injury or death to civilian populations and/or disrupting social, economic, or political stability. Threats from terrorists, criminals, and other antisocial groups who target the safety of the food supply are already a reality.
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From page 61... ...
In less developed countries, the economic consequences of major food contamination events could -- in addition to human suffering and costs -- also affect development and exacerbate poverty as well as food availability. Likewise the loss of export earnings can be very substantial both as a result of substantiated as well as unsubstantiated import restrictions.
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From page 62... ...
Prevention and Response Systems All countries must have basic systems to prevent or deter deliberate contamination of their food supplies and, if attacked, to respond rapidly to minimize the health, economic, and other effects of such contamination. However, counterterrorism should be seen as only one aspect of a broader, comprehensive food safety program in national and global contexts.
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From page 63... ...
Likewise existing surveillance and monitoring systems for foodborne disease and food contamination should be expanded to include the threats related to potential intentional contamination. This integrated approach would result in activities supporting the general food safety efforts instead of detracting from them.
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From page 64... ...
Because many food contamination events have international implications and because a significant fraction of food for consumption in many countries are imported, it follows that the most efficient way for any country to prevent intentional or unintentional foodborne outbreaks is to strengthen food safety in the country of origin and to ensure efficient international systems for outbreak alert and necessary response. A result of the global food market is that we now have a joint interest in building capacity to prevent and detect foodborne outbreaks in all countries through relevant international mechanisms.
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From page 65... ...
They should alert relevant food safety authorities within their country to foodborne disease outbreaks or food contamination events of international public health significance as reported to them by INFOSAN Emergency. And they should convey to the network information of national outbreaks or contamination events with a potential to become international events.
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From page 66... ...
Other WHO WHO Global Outbreak Alert & Response Network (GOARN) networks Regional for chemicals & and Country radiological Offices WHO INFOSAN Emergency Network materials National Outbreak National INFOSAN Emergency Alert & Response Contact Point System Communications Linkages Foodborne disease · Recall & tracing systems surveillance & Rapid intelligence, · Food import/export inspection investigation systems i.e.
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From page 67... ...
Responding to a realization that many internationally important disease incidents involve other responsible agents, including new agents such as the SARS virus, the need for a revision of international health rules was formulated in the WHA several years ago. The new rules propose the extension of the WHO coordinated public health emergency system to include all public health emergencies of international concern, which has been defined to also include foodborne emergencies or emergencies involving zoonotic diseases.
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From page 68... ...
:15481556. INFOSAN (International Food Safety Authorities Network)
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From page 69... ...
: Building Capacity for Laboratory-Based Foodborne Disease Surveillance and Outbreak Detection and Response. Geneva: WHO.
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