Cancer Control Opportunities in Low- and Middle-Income Countries (2007) / Chapter Skim
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1 Introduction
1 Introduction
Pages 17-26
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From page 17... ...
If you have adequate resources, either because you live in a high-income country or have personal wealth, it is unlikely that you would have found yourself in this situation at all -- with early-stage cervical cancer. In the United States, for example, periodic screening with a Pap smear would have detected precancerous changes years before, and the abnormal tissue would have been removed in a minimally invasive procedure.
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From page 18... ...
Death rates for stomach cancer -- the most frequent cause of cancer deaths early in the 20th century -- fell by nearly 90 percent over that period, with the greatest declines occurring in the 1950s. The reasons are thought to be improved living conditions, which reduced chronic infection with the cancer-inducing bacterium Helicobacter pylori, and better diet, including more fresh and less preserved food.
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From page 19... ...
has begun a campaign to raise the profile of chronic diseases in LMCs, recognizing that these countries suffer the double burden of the major infectious disease killers and mounting chronic illnesses. WHO dispels the idea that we can wait to conquer infectious diseases before turning to chronic diseases.
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From page 20... ...
However, international health efforts historically have been dominated by the immediate problems of infectious diseases that kill infants and children. It is largely the progress made against those diseases that has led to the aging of the global population and the greater impact of chronic diseases.
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Rep. Sao Tome and Principe Burkina Faso Kyrgyz Republic Senegal Burundi Lao PDR Sierra Leone Cambodia Lesotho Solomon Islands Cameroon Liberia Somalia Central African Republic Madagascar Sudan Chad Malawi Tajikistan Comoros Mali Tanzania Congo, Dem.
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From page 23... ...
Morocco West Bank and Gaza Upper middle-income economies (40) : $3,256$10,065 American Samoa Grenada Poland Antigua and Barbuda Hungary Russian Federation Argentina Latvia Seychelles Barbados Lebanon Slovak Republic Belize Libya South Africa Botswana Lithuania St.
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From page 24... ...
Treatment for children and young adults with highly curable cancers has been an attractive way to build cancer management infrastructure, guaranteeing success for some significant proportion and demonstrating that cancer does not have to be a death sentence, a message that will be new to many citizens of LMCs. But when death from cancer is inevitable, for adults and children, feasible and inexpensive palliative care to ease symptoms vastly improves the comfort of patients and those around them.
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From page 25... ...
furthering the global agenda to eliminate most deaths from liver cancer through universal vaccination against the hepatitis B virus; (2) eliminating most cervical cancers through a combination of new screening techniques and vaccination against HPV, the cause of virtually all cervical cancers; and (3)
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From page 26... ...
2005. Preventing chronic diseases: How many lives can we save?
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