Nutritional Risk Assessment Perspectives, Methods, and Data Challenges: Workshop Summary (2007) / Chapter Skim
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6 Perspectives on Challenges and Solutions: Summary Remarks and Suggested Next Steps
6 Perspectives on Challenges and Solutions: Summary Remarks and Suggested Next Steps
Pages 79-88
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From page 79... ...
THE RISK ASSESSMENT PROCESS Several participants described risk assessment as a systematic process for organizing and evaluating existing knowledge and its limitations. The workshop presenters pointed out the complexity of the process and issues of uncertainty that need to be addressed.
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How does one risk trade off from another? Wellconducted nutritional risk assessments can provide key information to risk managers who need to develop policies related to food fortification and dietary supplements.
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Barbara Schneeman and Gregory Paoli both noted that the approach used to set EARs incorporates elements of risk assessment. Schneeman pointed out that the provisional definition of nutritional risk developed by the Codex Committee for Nutrition and Foods for Special Dietary Use incorporates the probability of an adverse health effect associated with either the excessive or the inadequate intake of a nutrient or some other food component.
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dietary data indicate that large proportions of the population have inadequate intakes, but laboratory data do not support that finding. From a different perspective, dietary data may be the most accurate data available to risk assessors.
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Challenges include data limitations and the extensive resources needed for such reviews. In the establishment of DRIs, a major role for evidence-based review may be to frame the nutritional risk assessment questions and identify whether the evidence for answering the questions exists.
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Joseph Rodricks mentioned that there are some formal tools for weighing uncertainties and the knowledge of adverse effects versus other considerations. Maintaining Appropriate Separation Between Risk Assessment and Risk Management Several participants underscored the importance of clear communication between risk assessors and risk managers at the problem formulation stage, before the risk assessment begins.
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Economists have developed methods that can be used to compare different outcomes, and these could be informative for the nutritional risk assessment process. Other potentially useful methods include (1)
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From page 86... ...
The Beneficial Utility Index described by Barbara Petersen was viewed as a promising new model by some, especially if it can adequately incorporate susceptibility, duration of exposure, and delayed response. Joseph Rodricks suggested the exploration of methods that consider quality-of-life factors, such as the disability-adjusted life years method, to find useful quantitative approaches to the comparison of different health endpoints in nutritional risk assessment.
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From page 87... ...
In particular, Darlene Adkins called for a reassessment of the nutrition label, an exploration of how consumers can be equipped to handle more complete nutrition information, and ways to provide useful nutrition information about food consumed at food establishments. To accomplish these tasks more effectively, both Darlene Adkins and Laina Bush called for research on consumer behavior and factors that influence their decision making.
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