Integrating Multiscale Observations of U.S. Waters (2008) / Chapter Skim
Currently Skimming:
Pages 161-180
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From page 162... ...
2004. Habitat monitoring with sensor networks.
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From page 163... ...
2003. Special issue on sensor networks.
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From page 165... ...
The physics of a nonlinear process is well known under idealized, one-dimensional laboratory conditions, and we wish to quantify the process under the three-dimensional heterogeneity of natural systems, which are orders of magnitude larger in scale. Solving these 165 PREPUBLICATION COPY
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From page 166... ...
Sediment Transport and Geomorphology: Erosion, transport, and deposition of sediments in fluvial systems control the very life cycle of rivers and are vulnerable to changes in climate and human landscape alternations. Yet, compared with water quality and quantity information, there PREPUBLICATION COPY
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From page 167... ...
Coordinated Global-scale Observation of Water Reservoirs and the Fluxes of Water and Energy: Regional and continental-scale water resources forecasts and many issues of global change depend for their resolution on a detailed understanding of the state and variability of the global water balance. Our current knowledge is spotty in its areal coverage; highly uneven in its quality; limited in character to the quantities of primary historical interest (namely precipitation, streamflow, and surface water reservoirs)
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"The overarching objective of the Plan is the restoration, preservation, and protection of the South Florida ecosystem while providing for other water-related needs of the region, including water supply and flood protection" (Water Resources Development Act of 2000)
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The Environmental Protection Agency's Field Operations Manual for Wadeable Streams (EPA, 1998) details PREPUBLICATION COPY
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From page 173... ...
It is dealt with in this report in the context of smart sensors and sensor networks, which can help to avoid the collection of large amounts of time-series data at times when little change is occurring in the measured parameter, and to reduce data where this is deemed useful. With satellites, the amount of data generated can be enormous -- on the order of a terabyte per day for a single satellite (NRC, 2000a)
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From page 175... ...
Mission, which would provide diurnal estimates of precipitation at a spatial resolution sufficient to resolve major spatial variations over land and sea; 2. A soil moisture mission that would provide estimates of soil moisture over most of the Earth; 3.
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From page 176... ...
The cold season mission would be directly applicable to snowy regions of highly variable topography, such as that illustrated in "Mountain Hydrology in the Western United States". The surface water mission, based on a radar altimeter, would be able to capture the spatial dynamics of many periodically flooded areas, thus assisting in studies of water-related disease, for example, "Water and Malaria in Sub-Saharan Africa." It might also help capture the slight variations in water elevations that drive the ecology and nutrient cycling described in "Monitoring the Hydrology of the Everglades in South Florida." The other four missions cited in the water cycle chapter of the decadal report, would also have obvious impacts on studies that attempt to integrate observations at different scales.
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He has published extensively in diverse fields of research including snow hydrology, alpine hydrology and biogeochemistry, polar snow and ice, contaminant 177 PREPUBLICATION COPY
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From page 178... ...
He was nominated by NASA for the honor based on his work in hydroclimatology. The award cites Professor Eltahir's "outstanding accomplishment in hydrology and hydroclimatology by combining theory and remote sensing observations to better understand the links between the biosphere and the atmosphere and their implications for regional water resources in the tropics." He is a past member of the executive committee of the hydrology section of the American Geophysical Union.
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From page 179... ...
Areas of current activity include hydrologic and climate system modeling for studies of land-ocean-atmosphere interaction, satellite remote sensing of soil moisture and terrestrial water storage, soil moisture variability and scaling, and global change impacts on water resources and hydrology-vegetation interaction.
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From page 180... ...
Dr. Mertes held memberships in the Geological Society of America and the American PREPUBLICATION COPY
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