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1 Innovation
Pages 9-16

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From page 9...
... There are lots of them and many of them are hungry." The Council on Competitiveness, under the banner of "Innovate or Abdicate," advo   NationalAcademy of Sciences, National Academy of Engineering, and the Institute of Medicine, Rising Above the Gathering Storm: Energizing and Employing America for a Brighter Economic Future (Washington, DC: The National Academies Press, 2007)
From page 10...
... This has been aptly referred to as "the Death of Distance." Having reviewed trends in the United States and abroad, the committee is deeply concerned that the scientific and technological building blocks critical to our economic leadership are eroding at a time when many other nations are gathering strength.… Although the U.S. economy is doing well today, current trends indi cate…that the United States may not fare as well in the future without government intervention.
From page 11...
... asked the National Academies to respond to the question "What are the top 10 actions, in priority order, that federal policymakers could take to enhance the science and technology enterprise so that the United States can successfully compete, prosper, and be secure in the global community of the 21st century? " The Academies acted quickly to produce Rising Above the Gathering Storm, a report that provides recommendations for action to improve K-12 science and mathematics education; to make the United States the most attractive setting in which to study and perform research; to sustain and strengthen the nation's commitment to long-term basic research that fuels the economy and secures our country; and to ensure that the United States is the premier place in the world to promote innovation.
From page 12...
... . it pays off for all concerned -- the state, the employer and the individual." The European Union considers education to be a key part of its drive to achieve the goals outlined in the Lisbon Strategy "to become the most competitive and dynamic knowledge-based economy in the world." Similarly, India and China are taking steps to increase and enhance STEM education and to enlarge their workforces in these areas. To compete, then, the United States must pursue a twopronged course: first, to invest in research at the leading edge and find new ways to convert that knowledge to use; and second, to stay ahead of the competition in the development of its science and engineering workforce.
From page 13...
... Advances in computing power and storage capacity have created whole new fields, such as business intelligence and bioinformatics. Business intelligence, which uses advanced mathematics in analyzing large data sets to inform business strategy, only now exists as a field because of recent developments in mass data storage, which in turn exist because of research on giant magnetoresistance that led to phenomenal growth in data storage capacity over the last two decades.
From page 14...
... In Reshaping the Graduate Education of Scientists and Engineers, the National Academies' Committee on Science, Engineering, and Public Policy found that more than half of new Ph.D.s in the sciences and engineering were pursuing careers outside of academia. That study recommended that, in addition to providing a solid grounding in science, doctoral programs should incorporate into their curricula opportunities for graduate students to obtain important skills -- for example, communication skills -- that would enhance their work in nonacademic settings.10 Several subsequent efforts to reenvision or reform doctoral education have also urged that programs include opportunities for acquiring a broad range of skills.11   Marcelo Cataldo, Kathleen M
From page 15...
... The goal of the IGERT program is to catalyze a culture change in graduate education to equip U.S. science and engineering graduate students to address the challenges of the 21st century by engaging in research that crosses disciplinary, departmental, or even institutional boundaries and provides student trainees with deep knowledge in a field while learning the skills needed to work as part of an interdisciplinary team.
From page 16...
... Since its inception in 1999, the GK 12 program has funded over 200 projects in more than 140 different universities throughout the United States and Puerto Rico.


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