Bioinspired Chemistry for Energy A Workshop Summary to the Chemical Sciences Roundtable (2008) / Chapter Skim
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1 Overview - The Role of Bioinspired Chemistry in Improving Alternative Energy Technologies
1 Overview - The Role of Bioinspired Chemistry in Improving Alternative Energy Technologies
Pages 1-6
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Some of the losses in photovoltaic energy conver- • Summarized the current energy challenges, such as sion might be overcome with biomimetic processes. Much carbon emissions, population growth, and cost, and presented work has been conducted in the development of artificial opportunities to address these challenges, such as developing photosynthetic antennas, which provide rapid electron- sustainable energy sources. transfer, as well as artificial reaction centers that generate a • Provided an overview of the fundamental aspects chemical potential by providing long-lived charged separa- and robust implementations of bioinspired chemistry from tion. As in photosynthesis, light energy can be harvested government, academic, and industrial perspectives.
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DuPont. The first technical session covered fundamental aspects Opening Remarks of bioinspired chemistry for energy, and included the following topics and speakers: Hydrogen-Processing Catalysts Douglas Ray of the Pacific Northwest National Laborafor Replacement of Platinum in Fuel Cell Electrodes: tory welcomed about 75 workshop participants and provided ydrogenases, Marcetta Darensbourg, Texas A&M UniH some initial thoughts on the energy crisis and how chemistry versity; The Lesson from the Hydrogenases?
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Figure 1.2 shows the solar, wind, biomass, and geo thermal energy resources available in the United States. Setting the Stage: Opportunities and Challenges for Energy Production Hydrogen John Turner of the National Renewable Energy Labora- Turner highlighted hydrogen because it plays a role in tory provided background information about energy to serve every fuel available and is a potential sustainable fuel on its as a basis for the rest of the workshop discussions.
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According to Turner, the sustainable paths to Turner then explained how electrolysis is a commercial hydrogen are: process that produces hydrogen by splitting water using electricity. This commercial technology can generate hydro- Solar energy → heat → thermolysis → hydrogen gen as an energy carrier using sustainable energy resources, Solar energy → biomass → conversion → hydrogen such as wind and PV, which directly generate electricity.
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He stated that energy payback -- a net gain in energy -- is Turner's vision for the pathway to the future includes another important consideration when choosing the best promotion of renewable energy, developing fuel cells for energy resource. Turner believes that any system without transportation (hydrogen initially from natural gas)
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would have to be taken out of the air and added to hydrogen Frankie Wood-Black of ConocoPhillips mentioned in order to generate a fuel, which is a huge challenge in the that there can be unintended consequences of new energy United States, said Turner. He argued that a hydrogen infrasystems and that scientists will need to consider these poten- structure does indeed exist since 9 million tons of hydrogen tial unintended consequences when new technologies are is produced every year in the United States.
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