Review of the Research Program of the FreedomCAR and Fuel Partnership Second Report (2008) / Chapter Skim
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1 Introduction
1 Introduction
Pages 16-26
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From page 16... ...
energy situation and are important national issues. Furthermore, concerns about climate change and reducing greenhouse gas emissions have been receiving extensive attention from the Congress, the states, the Supreme Court (on the role of the Environmental Protection Agency in regulating greenhouse gas emissions)
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From page 17... ...
improved energy efficiency, and (4) hydrogen production and a nationwide distribution infrastructure for vehicle and stationary power plants, to fuel both hydrogen internal combustion engines (ICEs)
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From page 18... ...
, • Fuel cell power systems, • Fuel cells, • Hydrogen storage systems, • Energy storage systems for hybrid vehicles, • Hydrogen production and delivery systems, • Electric propulsion systems, and • Materials for lightweight vehicles. These goals and the research related to their attainment will be discussed later in this report.
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From page 19... ...
A technical team consists of scientists and engineers with technology-specific expertise from the USCAR member companies, energy partner companies, and national laboratories, Executive Steering Group Fuel Operations Group Joint Operations FreedomCAR Operations Group Energy Directors Group OEM Directors DOE Program Managers DOE Program Managers Fuel Cell & Vehicle Fuel Tech Teams Joint Tech Teams Hydrogen Production Tech Teams Fuel Cells Hydrogen Delivery Onboard Hydrogen Storage Advanced Combustion Fuel Pathway Integration Emission Control Codes & Standards Electrochemical Energy Storage Vehicle Systems Analysis Materials Electrical & Electronics FIGURE 1-1 FreedomCAR and Fuel Partnership organizational structure.
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From page 20... ...
The three fuel technical teams address hydrogen production, hydrogen delivery, and fuel/vehicle pathway integration, each of which has members from the energy companies and DOE. There are two joint technical teams connecting the fuel teams and the vehicle teams: an onboard hydrogen storage team and a codes and standards team.
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From page 21... ...
The proton exchange membrane (PEM) fuel cell R&D is undertaken in the HFCIT program, which is focused on • Overcoming technical barriers through R&D on hydrogen production, delivery, and storage technologies, as well as fuel cell technologies for transportation, distributed stationary power, and portable power applications; • Addressing safety concerns and developing model codes and standards; • Validating and demonstrating hydrogen fuel cells in real-world condi tions; and • Educating key stakeholders whose acceptance of these technologies is critical to their success in the marketplace (DOE, 2004a,b)
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From page 22... ...
Since virtually no petroleum is used to produce electricity in the United States, this would reduce demand for petroleum in the transportation sector. However, depending on the mix of fuels used to supply electricity for such vehicles, this could lead to increased natural gas imports and consumption of coal, with implications for greenhouse gas emissions.
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From page 23... ...
Likewise, an extensive hydrogen fuel infrastructure cannot be economically justified to service the first few fuel-cell-powered vehicles that might be built. The Hydrogen Economy emphasized the importance of distributed production of hydrogen, e.g., using natural gas and the existing infrastructure to produce hydrogen at fueling stations, or using renewable energy -- for example, wind to electric systems -- to generate hydrogen through electrolysis at the fueling stations (NRC/NAE, 2004)
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From page 24... ...
The urgency of this task is amplified by the reality that even with approximately 16 million new vehicles sold in the United States every year, it takes almost 15 years to turn over the national fleet of roughly 225 million vehicles. While much of the Partnership activity is devoted to fuel cell vehicles and hydrogen fuel, further improvement in conventional ICEs and HEVs could contribute significantly to the goals of energy independence and reduced carbon emissions and should benefit from continued collaboration between industry engineers and the DOE national laboratories in this area.
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From page 25... ...
The subgroups also met with the Partnership technical team leaders to clarify answers to questions and better understand the team dynamics, and several committee members visited the General Motors Honeye facility in New York to view its fuel cell vehicle developments. Concurrently with this review, the NRC is engaged in another related study being undertaken by the Committee on Resource Needs for Fuel Cell and Hydrogen Technologies.
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From page 26... ...
2004d. Basic Research Needs for the Hydrogen Economy: Report of the Basic Energy Sciences Workshop on Hydrogen Production, Storage, and Use, May 13-15, 2003.
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