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Combined Exposures to Hydrogen Cyanide and Carbon Monoxide in Army Operations Final Report (2008) / Chapter Skim
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Summary
Pages 1-7

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From page 3...
... However, additive or synergistic toxic effects among the chemicals were also considered. Because it found an increased potential for adverse effects on personnel simultaneously exposed to HCN and CO, CHPPM prepared a report titled Assessment of Combined Health Effects of Hydrogen Cyanide and Carbon Monoxide at Low Levels for Military Occupational Exposures.
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From page 4...
... In response, it convened the Committee on Combined Exposures to Hydrogen Cyanide and Carbon Monoxide in Army Operations under the oversight of the Committee on Toxicology to assess the Army's proposed guidance. THE COMMITTEE'S INITIAL REPORT In its first report, Combined Exposures to Hydrogen Cyanide and Carbon Monoxide in Army Operations: Initial Report, completed in 2008, the committee evaluated whether the adverse effects from combined exposure to HCN and CO at low levels warrant their combined assessment or whether the individual assessment of each chemical is sufficiently protective.
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From page 5...
... The committee recommends that the Army conduct experiments on human subjects to address the effects of rapid changes in inspired CO concentration at a constant rate of ventilation; rapid changes in ventilation at a constant inspired CO concentration; and simultaneous increases in inspired CO concentration and ventilation on CO uptake, venous blood COHb, and COHb predicted by the CFK equation. These experiments will assess the validity of the CFK equation at low or spiking levels of CO or under conditions of rapid changes in human ventilation.
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From page 6...
... CHPPM's activity related to the development of new models for armored vehicles and the use of test-firing scenarios to mimic possible crew exposures to CO, HCN, and other gases could benefit substantially from greater communication with and feedback from groups involved with personnel training and field deployment. Such groups include the Army's Human Factors Engineering Program, instructors associated with training armoredvehicle crews in the field, crew members themselves, and health personnel involved with those crews during actual deployment.
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From page 7...
... Protocols for research involving human subjects should receive approval by a certified Institutional Review Board.
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Key Terms

  • combined exposures
  • cfk equation
  • weaponized armored
  • military personnel
  • carbon monoxide

  • combined exposure
  • human subjects
  • combustion products
  • rapid changes
  • hydrogen cyanide

  • proposed guidance
  • army consider
  • exposure assessment
  • committee recommended
  • human performance

  • army conduct
  • performance degradation
  • toxic effects
  • findings suggest
  • potentially harmful

  • dynamically changing
  • initial report
  • air concentrations
  • suggest otherwise
  • degradation resulting

  • adequately evaluated
  • weapons firing
  • vehicle crews
  • diesel exhaust
  • combined assessment


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