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From page 135... ... , 77 Army (U.S.) , 7, 77 B Batteries, 15, 57 Beam weapons, 8CC Directed-energy weapons 135 Brayton cycle, 29 architecture systems, 52, 56, 58-59, 60, 62 defined, 24 dynamic power conversion, 40, 75, 76 solar power, 31 structural material needs, 63 Burst mode definition, 1, 10, 67 effluent effects, 3-4, 51, 132 mass and complexity factors, 18 nuclear power, 29 power requirements, 1-2, 3, 1o-ll, 16, 23, 99, 100, 13 power storage, 12 C Capacitors, 78-79, 82, 96 Carbon-carbon composites, 63, 84 Ceramics, 74, 79, 82, 84 Chemical lasers, 11 Chemical power, 2, 32-33, 92, 95 deployment, 4, 100 effluents, 28, 30, 90 magnetohydrodynamics (MHD) Read the entire page →
From page 136... ... Department of Energy, interdepartmental initiatives, 5, 40, 64, 92, 100, 134 Deutch, John M., 8 Directed-energy weapons, 1, 3, 9, 12, 22-23, 88, 90 Dynamic isotope power sources, 40 EEarth orbit, Cc Geosynchronous orbit; Low earth orbit; Orbiting systems; Platforms Electrical power, battle alert and burst-mode needs, 2, 16 Electric propulsion, 13 Electromagnetic transmissions, 4, 8, 28, 45-46 free-electron lasers, 11, 89, 90, 122 lasers, 2, 11, 45-46, 130 microwave transmission, 2, 45-46, 130 Energy conversion, sec Power conversion Energy storage, 16, 17, 28 alert mode, 10 burst mode, 12 ground-based, 3 propellants, 32 superconducting magnetic energy storage, 74-75, 89, 90 thermal w. battery, 15 Energy weapons directed-energy, 1, 3, 9, 12, 22-23, 88, 90 kinetic energy, 9, 11, 90 Environmental factors, 85 effluents effects, 3-4, 22, 26, 28, 30, 43, 47-48, 49-51, 63, 70, 90, 99, 121-128, 131, 132 international law, 38-39 National Environmental Act, 4, 44, 132 nuclear power, 30, 36-39, 43, 44 orbital hazards to SDI, 16-17, 46-47, 48 Policy Read the entire page →
From page 137... ... open-cycle systems, 29, 63 conductor coolants, 72 mass factors, 69, 70 SP-100 space reactor, 42 High-temperature materials, 63,79, 82 gas turbine solar power and, 75 magnetohydrodynamic systems, 34 SP-100 space reactor, 41 structural materials, 84-85 High-temperature superconductors, 64-65, 74,82 Housekeeping mode power needs, 10, 29 I Independent Evaluation Group, 7, 28,53,58,96 Insulation (electric and thermal) , 79, 83-84,132 battle burst-mode effects, 4 cryogenics, 33 mass problems, 48-49, 79,82 137 solar power and, 31,48-49 International law, 38-39 Investment issues, 4,87-88,89, 91-97,98-100,13 J Jet Propulsion Laboratory, 14 K Kinetic energy weapons, 9, 11, 90 L Lasers, 2, 11, 45-46,130 free-electron lasers, 11, 89, go,122 Launch weight factors, 2,3,21,60, 67,131 Law, sec Statutes Lidar, 11 Life-cycle factors, sec Survivability Low earth orbit, 12, 45 Lunar missions, 15,35 M Magnetic energy storage, 74-75,89, 90 Magnetic fields, 31,49,79,86 superconductors and, 77 Magnetic materials, 83 Magnetohydrodynamics (MHD) Read the entire page →
From page 138... ... , 2, 89, 131 132-133 power requirements, 13-14, 15 Strategic Defense Initiative, sec Alert mode; Burst mode Models, of subsystem components, 19-20 Molybdenum, 75 N National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) , 6, 7-8, 14-15, 35, 93, 99, 130, 131 interdepartmental initiatives, 5, 40, 93, 100, 134 National Environmental Policy Act, 4, 44, 132 National Research Council, 8 National Science Foundation, 64-65 Neutral-particle beams, 50, 122-128 Niobium, 75 Nitze criteria, 20 INDEX Nonmilitary space missions, see Civil � ~ space missions Nuclear power, 34-44, 87 alert mode, 10, 29-30 burst mode, 29 civil missions, 2, 14, 89, 131 deployment schedule, 44, 130 fusion reactors, 28-29, 44 high-temperature materials, 79 non-SDI military missions, 13-14 reactors in space, 2, 17, 24, 26, 28-29, 34, 36, 38, 40-44, 53, 57, 130; dCC ~80 SNAP-1OA; SP-100 safety and environmental factors, 30, 36-39, 40, 42, 43, 44 o Open-cycle power systems, 2, 17-19, 30, 49, 52, 61 cryogens and, 32 defined, 25-26 effluents, 43, 47, 4050, 63, 131 mass factors, 53-55, 58-59, 63, 131 Orbiting systems battle burst-mode effects on, 3-4 co-orbiting power sources, 46 geosynchronous orbit, 12, 46 low earth orbit, 12, 45 magnetohydrodynamic system perturbations, 34 platforms, 3, 4, 11-12, 67, 87, 88, 97, 100, 131-132 reactors in space, 2, 17, 24, 26, 28-29, 34, 36, 38, 40-44, 53, 57, 130; sec also SNAP-1OA; SP-100 Outer Space Treaty, 38 A Particle beams, 11 Payloads, JCC Mass/weight factors Photovoltaic power, 14, 3~31; JCC also Solar power Plasma physics, arc Space plasma Platforms, 3, 67, 87, 88, 97, 100, 131 burst-mode eEects on sensors, 4, 132 deployment, 4 energy requirements, 11-12 Pollution, sec Environmental factors Read the entire page →
From page 139... ... , 34, 37, 39 Radiators, sec Heat transfer and rejection Rankine cycle, 29 architecture systems, 52, 56, 58, 60, 62 defined, 24-25 dynamic power conversion, 40, 75, 76 solar power, 31 structural material needs, 63 Refractory materials, sec High-temperature materials Regulatory issues, Cc Statutes S Safety, nuclear systems, 30, 36-39, 40, 42, 43, 44 Semiconductors, 84 Sensors, 88 SDI effluent, effects on, 4, 22, 48, 50-51, 130, 131, 132 power requirements, 11, 16, 90 Skylab, 30 SNAP-1OA, 34, 36, 40 Solar power, 30-32, 88, 95 battle alert mode, 2 139 civil missions, 14-15 gas turbines, 75-76 insulation, 38-39 non-SDI military missions, 13-14 Soviet Union, ~ nuclear reactors in space, 34, 38 SP-100, 2, 4, 40-42, 43, 76, 88-89, 93, 99, 100, 132-133 thermal management, 28, 70 Space plasma solar power systems and, 30-31, 48, 49, 51, 127 Space Plasma Experiments Aboard Rockets (SPEAR) , 48, 51 Space Power Architecture System (SPAS) Read the entire page →
From page 140... ... 140 high-temperature, 64-65, 74, 82 magnetic energy storage, 74-75, 89, 90 Surveillance, 13 Surveillance, Acquisition, Tracking, and Kill Assessment, 9-10, 12 Survivability, 9, 17, 19, 20-22, 23, 48, 85, 99, 131-132 high-temperature applications and, 85 non-SDI military missions, 13 radiators, 71 SDIO requirements, 5, 12, 134 solar power systems, 31 SPAS studies, 53, 66, 130 . Symposium on Space Nuclear Power Systems, 43 T Tantalum, 75 Thermal management, 4, 17, 85, 97 heat transfer and rejection, 13, 16, 24, 28, 29, 42, 63, 68-72 Thermal storage, 15 Thermionic systems, 41, 52, 58 Thermodynamics closed and open systems, 17-lg, 24-25 heat transfer and rejection, 13, 16, 24, 28, 29 INDEX Thermoelectric power, 25, 41, 70, 76 Titan Rocket, 32 Tracking, 9, 10, 12, 13, 88 Treaty on Principles Governing the Activities of States in the Exploration and Use of Outer Space, 38 TRW, Inc., 53, 57 Turbine technology, 22, 24, 28, 29, 31, 32, 52, 53, 57, 60, 75-76, 77, 29 U United Nations, 38 Universities, 79 USSR, Cc Soviet Union V Vulnerability, 5, 19-22, 23, 131-132 ground-based systems, 45 radiators, 71 solar power systems, 31 W Westinghouse, 77 White Sands Missile Range, 12 Read the entire page →

From page 135...

... , 77 Army (U.S.) , 7, 77 B Batteries, 15, 57 Beam weapons, 8CC Directed-energy weapons 135 Brayton cycle, 29 architecture systems, 52, 56, 58-59, 60, 62 defined, 24 dynamic power conversion, 40, 75, 76 solar power, 31 structural material needs, 63 Burst mode definition, 1, 10, 67 effluent effects, 3-4, 51, 132 mass and complexity factors, 18 nuclear power, 29 power requirements, 1-2, 3, 1o-ll, 16, 23, 99, 100, 13 power storage, 12 C Capacitors, 78-79, 82, 96 Carbon-carbon composites, 63, 84 Ceramics, 74, 79, 82, 84 Chemical lasers, 11 Chemical power, 2, 32-33, 92, 95 deployment, 4, 100 effluents, 28, 30, 90 magnetohydrodynamics (MHD)

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From page 136...

... Department of Energy, interdepartmental initiatives, 5, 40, 64, 92, 100, 134 Deutch, John M., 8 Directed-energy weapons, 1, 3, 9, 12, 22-23, 88, 90 Dynamic isotope power sources, 40 EEarth orbit, Cc Geosynchronous orbit; Low earth orbit; Orbiting systems; Platforms Electrical power, battle alert and burst-mode needs, 2, 16 Electric propulsion, 13 Electromagnetic transmissions, 4, 8, 28, 45-46 free-electron lasers, 11, 89, 90, 122 lasers, 2, 11, 45-46, 130 microwave transmission, 2, 45-46, 130 Energy conversion, sec Power conversion Energy storage, 16, 17, 28 alert mode, 10 burst mode, 12 ground-based, 3 propellants, 32 superconducting magnetic energy storage, 74-75, 89, 90 thermal w. battery, 15 Energy weapons directed-energy, 1, 3, 9, 12, 22-23, 88, 90 kinetic energy, 9, 11, 90 Environmental factors, 85 effluents effects, 3-4, 22, 26, 28, 30, 43, 47-48, 49-51, 63, 70, 90, 99, 121-128, 131, 132 international law, 38-39 National Environmental Act, 4, 44, 132 nuclear power, 30, 36-39, 43, 44 orbital hazards to SDI, 16-17, 46-47, 48 Policy

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From page 137...

... open-cycle systems, 29, 63 conductor coolants, 72 mass factors, 69, 70 SP-100 space reactor, 42 High-temperature materials, 63,79, 82 gas turbine solar power and, 75 magnetohydrodynamic systems, 34 SP-100 space reactor, 41 structural materials, 84-85 High-temperature superconductors, 64-65, 74,82 Housekeeping mode power needs, 10, 29 I Independent Evaluation Group, 7, 28,53,58,96 Insulation (electric and thermal) , 79, 83-84,132 battle burst-mode effects, 4 cryogenics, 33 mass problems, 48-49, 79,82 137 solar power and, 31,48-49 International law, 38-39 Investment issues, 4,87-88,89, 91-97,98-100,13 J Jet Propulsion Laboratory, 14 K Kinetic energy weapons, 9, 11, 90 L Lasers, 2, 11, 45-46,130 free-electron lasers, 11, 89, go,122 Launch weight factors, 2,3,21,60, 67,131 Law, sec Statutes Lidar, 11 Life-cycle factors, sec Survivability Low earth orbit, 12, 45 Lunar missions, 15,35 M Magnetic energy storage, 74-75,89, 90 Magnetic fields, 31,49,79,86 superconductors and, 77 Magnetic materials, 83 Magnetohydrodynamics (MHD)

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From page 138...

... , 2, 89, 131 132-133 power requirements, 13-14, 15 Strategic Defense Initiative, sec Alert mode; Burst mode Models, of subsystem components, 19-20 Molybdenum, 75 N National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) , 6, 7-8, 14-15, 35, 93, 99, 130, 131 interdepartmental initiatives, 5, 40, 93, 100, 134 National Environmental Policy Act, 4, 44, 132 National Research Council, 8 National Science Foundation, 64-65 Neutral-particle beams, 50, 122-128 Niobium, 75 Nitze criteria, 20 INDEX Nonmilitary space missions, see Civil � ~ space missions Nuclear power, 34-44, 87 alert mode, 10, 29-30 burst mode, 29 civil missions, 2, 14, 89, 131 deployment schedule, 44, 130 fusion reactors, 28-29, 44 high-temperature materials, 79 non-SDI military missions, 13-14 reactors in space, 2, 17, 24, 26, 28-29, 34, 36, 38, 40-44, 53, 57, 130; dCC ~80 SNAP-1OA; SP-100 safety and environmental factors, 30, 36-39, 40, 42, 43, 44 o Open-cycle power systems, 2, 17-19, 30, 49, 52, 61 cryogens and, 32 defined, 25-26 effluents, 43, 47, 4050, 63, 131 mass factors, 53-55, 58-59, 63, 131 Orbiting systems battle burst-mode effects on, 3-4 co-orbiting power sources, 46 geosynchronous orbit, 12, 46 low earth orbit, 12, 45 magnetohydrodynamic system perturbations, 34 platforms, 3, 4, 11-12, 67, 87, 88, 97, 100, 131-132 reactors in space, 2, 17, 24, 26, 28-29, 34, 36, 38, 40-44, 53, 57, 130; sec also SNAP-1OA; SP-100 Outer Space Treaty, 38 A Particle beams, 11 Payloads, JCC Mass/weight factors Photovoltaic power, 14, 3~31; JCC also Solar power Plasma physics, arc Space plasma Platforms, 3, 67, 87, 88, 97, 100, 131 burst-mode eEects on sensors, 4, 132 deployment, 4 energy requirements, 11-12 Pollution, sec Environmental factors

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From page 139...

... , 34, 37, 39 Radiators, sec Heat transfer and rejection Rankine cycle, 29 architecture systems, 52, 56, 58, 60, 62 defined, 24-25 dynamic power conversion, 40, 75, 76 solar power, 31 structural material needs, 63 Refractory materials, sec High-temperature materials Regulatory issues, Cc Statutes S Safety, nuclear systems, 30, 36-39, 40, 42, 43, 44 Semiconductors, 84 Sensors, 88 SDI effluent, effects on, 4, 22, 48, 50-51, 130, 131, 132 power requirements, 11, 16, 90 Skylab, 30 SNAP-1OA, 34, 36, 40 Solar power, 30-32, 88, 95 battle alert mode, 2 139 civil missions, 14-15 gas turbines, 75-76 insulation, 38-39 non-SDI military missions, 13-14 Soviet Union, ~ nuclear reactors in space, 34, 38 SP-100, 2, 4, 40-42, 43, 76, 88-89, 93, 99, 100, 132-133 thermal management, 28, 70 Space plasma solar power systems and, 30-31, 48, 49, 51, 127 Space Plasma Experiments Aboard Rockets (SPEAR) , 48, 51 Space Power Architecture System (SPAS)

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From page 140...

... 140 high-temperature, 64-65, 74, 82 magnetic energy storage, 74-75, 89, 90 Surveillance, 13 Surveillance, Acquisition, Tracking, and Kill Assessment, 9-10, 12 Survivability, 9, 17, 19, 20-22, 23, 48, 85, 99, 131-132 high-temperature applications and, 85 non-SDI military missions, 13 radiators, 71 SDIO requirements, 5, 12, 134 solar power systems, 31 SPAS studies, 53, 66, 130 . Symposium on Space Nuclear Power Systems, 43 T Tantalum, 75 Thermal management, 4, 17, 85, 97 heat transfer and rejection, 13, 16, 24, 28, 29, 42, 63, 68-72 Thermal storage, 15 Thermionic systems, 41, 52, 58 Thermodynamics closed and open systems, 17-lg, 24-25 heat transfer and rejection, 13, 16, 24, 28, 29 INDEX Thermoelectric power, 25, 41, 70, 76 Titan Rocket, 32 Tracking, 9, 10, 12, 13, 88 Treaty on Principles Governing the Activities of States in the Exploration and Use of Outer Space, 38 TRW, Inc., 53, 57 Turbine technology, 22, 24, 28, 29, 31, 32, 52, 53, 57, 60, 75-76, 77, 29 U United Nations, 38 Universities, 79 USSR, Cc Soviet Union V Vulnerability, 5, 19-22, 23, 131-132 ground-based systems, 45 radiators, 71 solar power systems, 31 W Westinghouse, 77 White Sands Missile Range, 12

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Index Pages 135-140

Index
Pages 135-140