An Integrated Framework for Assessing the Value of Community-Based Prevention (2012) / Chapter Skim
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Appendix B: Examples of Systems Science Approaches to Valuing Community-Based Prevention
Appendix B: Examples of Systems Science Approaches to Valuing Community-Based Prevention
Pages 143-152
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From page 143... ...
Yet, as noted in Chapter 2, many of the policy, system, and environmental interventions to reduce chronic and infectious diseases and to promote population health have a limited evidence base with which to work. There are other obstacles as well, including the short-term tenure of policy and decision makers and disagreements about valued outcomes and priorities among local decision makers.
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144 FIGURE B-1 Example causal loop diagram for value of community-based prevention policies. Figure App 1 -- Bitmapped
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Furthermore, systems science model development efforts benefit from the experiential knowledge that community representatives accumulate about the successes and challenges associated with developing, implementing, and evaluating community-based prevention policies and wellness strategies (Homer and Hirsch, 2006)
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146 FIGURE B-2 Pathways for prevention policies related to tobacco use, nutrition, and physical activity. Figure App 2 -- bitmapped Broadside.
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From page 147... ...
once a policy is passed, local decision makers also decide on the funding and resources to be allocated to implementation and enforcement of the policy, and, with fewer resources, quality assurance and compliance often suffers; • [Move to Policy Effectiveness] yet, with a rigorous policy in place and resources to support its enforcement, the policy can be effica cious in minimizing the concentration of tobacco outlets, reducing tobacco sales, and decreasing tobacco use; • [Move to Policy Impact]
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with this sense of hope and time invested in community improvements, a critical mass of community members becomes less tolerant of crime and other activities that cause people to feel unsafe in their own community; • [Move to Local Tax Base] as a result of less crime and more com munity improvements, the community begins to attract more busi nesses and residents, increasing the local tax base; • [Move to Economic Development]
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From page 149... ...
Through group model building, innovative community participatory methods of data collection and analysis provide opportunities to develop conceptual models with community representatives that can serve as the basis for the construction of the simulation models (Hovmand et al., 2012; Vennix, 1996, 1999)
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. From a practice perspective, tangible resources tend to be easier than intangible resources for decision makers to identify and manage (Morecroft, 2002)
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2003. Addressing urban health in Detroit, New York City and Seattle through community-based participatory research partnerships.
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