Determining Core Capabilities in Chemical and Biological Defense Science and Technology (2012) / Chapter Skim
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is to provide "support and worldclass capabilities enabling the US Armed Forces to fight and win decisively in chemical, biological, radiological, and nuclear environments." 1 To accomplish this objective, the CBDP must maintain robust science and technology capabilities to support the research, development, test, and evaluation required for the creation and validation of the products the program supplies to the Services. As the threat from chemical and biological attack is an evolving one, due to the changing nature of conflict and rapid advances in science and technology, the core science and technology (S&T)
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· How much would operational tempo be slowed by attacks on logistics and supply chains using chemical or biological weapons, and what would be the influence of successful attacks on opera tional tempo? Many of the questions related to the capabilities that warfighters and combatant commands have at their disposal could be answered, but the current technical and organizational structure is not designed to answer them.
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Table S.1 summarizes the committee's judgments about how well suited the types of institutions are for R&D and for T&E with respect to 26 of the core capabilities. Dark shades indicate an institutional category that the committee views as well suited to maintain a given capability for the CBDP, while the lighter shade indicates less well-suited locales.
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Medical Product Development R&D: research and development 5. Hazard Assessment, Mgmt and Decon T&E: test and evaluation Decontamination Methods Discovery A OGF: other govenment facilities Decontaminant Development A A: the actual chemical or biological agent is Decontamination Resilient Materials Development A important for T&E Decontamination Systems Engineering A N/A: the capability does not have a major A 4 Agent Transport & Viability Analysis R&D or T&E component
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RDT&E for the CBDP rely upon capabilities that have been primarily resident in the military departments because of both the classified nature of the original offensive program and specialized aspects of the problem. While key competencies and special facilities in the laboratories and test ranges remain important to the program, most of the expertise in relevant science and engineering now lies outside of DoD.
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The stated mission of CBDP is to "Provide global chemical, biological, radiological, and nuclear defense capabilities in support of National Strategies." The mission statement is large enough to allow for a wide variety of interpretations, making it challenging for both the customers of the program and the facilities that support its work to understand the program priorities. The CBDP has responsibilities that span missions from protecting the warfighter and providing support to the warfighter, to defending the United States from attack (i.e., Homeland Defense)
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, Joint Science and Tech nology Office for Chemical and Biological Defense (JSTO-CBD) , and Joint Program Executive Office for C hemical and Biological Defense ( JPEO-CBD)
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Tech Watch and Adopt Finding 3.3: There is the potential to significantly improve chemical and biological defense capabilities by using existing technology. Despite the nation's superb biomedical research establishment and the explosive growth of biological and biomedical science that is relevant to DoD as well as the public health community, relatively little of this broad competency has been applied to problems relevant to chemical and biological defense.
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should give priority to the active development and production of realistic and relevant threat agent simulants for both outdoor and large-chamber tests. A single simulant, especially for chemical agents, is unlikely to possess all of the same physical, chemical, and/or transport properties of an actual agent; therefore, multiple simulants may be required to fully stress critical design parameters during T&E.
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Moreover, the perceived goal of "100% protection" appears to impact all aspects of the program such that few products reach the field in a timely manner, especially in the medical countermeasures part of the program. Recommendation 4.1: The Office of the Secretary of Defense (through the Assistant Secretary of Defense for Nuclear, Chemical, and Biological Defense Programs)
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For the medical countermeasures program, however, FDA regulatory requirements must be considered early enough to influence product development decisions. The current management structure within the CBDP is not well suited to the task because of the lack of a whole-process, integrated view of product development.
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should formally review alternative laboratory management models, taking advantage of the numerous prior studies, reviews, and evaluations of laboratory and large facility management of S&T organizations. A principal objective is to define the level of stewardship that the program should provide to the principal RDT&E in-house facilities and laboratories.
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