Effective Methods for Environmental Justice Assessment (2004) / Chapter Skim
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Appendix D - The Decennial Census as a Source of Data for the Analysis of Environmental Justice
Appendix D - The Decennial Census as a Source of Data for the Analysis of Environmental Justice
Pages 325-340
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From page 325... ...
Because of the scope of the census, the wide area of coverage, and large sample size, the decennial census is a very important source of demographic data that can advantageously be used to identify emerging transportation planning concerns, especially those related to environmental justice. This appendix addresses products of the year 2000 decennial census and their application to the analysis of environmental justice.
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From page 326... ...
The important packages containing long form data include Summary File 3 (SF 3) and the Census Transportation Planning Package (CTPP)
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Most of the key census tables useful for an environmental justice analysis are available at the tract, block-group, and TAZ level. Each area, therefore, can be examined in a GIS environment.
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Table D-5, located at the end of this appendix, provides a detailed listing of all standard census products. Table D-1 Key census 2000 products Short form data products (Contents = race, basic housing counts)
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From page 329... ...
contains population and housing characteristics iterated for many detailed race and Hispanic or Latino categories, American Indian and Alaska Native tribes, and ancestry groups. While SF 2 and SF 4 contain more detailed race and ancestry information, the higher-level reporting contained in SF 1 and SF 3 is expected to be sufficient for most analyses of environmental justice.
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From page 330... ...
contains data from the short form and includes population counts by age, race, sex, marital status, ethnic origin, household type, and household relationship.5 In the 1990 file, population items were cross-tabulated by age, race, ethnic origin, or sex. Housing items included occupancy/vacancy status, tenure, units in structure, contract rent, meals included in rent, value, and number of rooms in housing unit.
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In addition there are 59 population tables with detailed race and ethnic origin available at the geographic detail of census tracts (identified with a "PCT") for a total of 286 data tables.
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– Universe: Households with householder of ethnic origin. Population items covered by the 1990 STF3 relevant to environmental justice analysis include age, mobility limitation status, ancestry, occupation, citizenship, place of birth, class of worker, place of work, educational attainment, poverty status, ethnic origin, sex, household type and relations, travel time to work, income in 1989, urban and rural population, industry, veteran/military status, language spoken at home, work disability status, marital status, work status in 1989, means of transportation to work, and workers in the family in 1989.
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From page 333... ...
. Census Transportation Planning Package The CTPP is a set of special tabulations derived from the decennial census designed specifically for transportation planning.
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Universe: Workers 16 years and over The CTPP, combined with SF 3 and SF 1, is a powerful tool to develop significant data capabilities needed for an environmental justice analysis. Worker flows between residence and workplace and the workers' household characteristics and travel behavior are reported in the 10 tables in this group and provide information on household income, vehicle availability, and mode of travel to work.
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This subsection provides an introduction to five potential supplementary data sources: • American Community Survey, • American Housing Survey, • Current Population Survey, • Nationwide Personal Transportation Survey, and 6 A listing of poverty tracts is contained at the Census Bureau Web site, http://www.census.gov/hhes/www/ poverty.html
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Table D-4 Availability of American Community Survey data Area characteristics Expected release date of ACS data What will be released Population greater than or equal to 65,000 2004 Yearly data Population between 20,000 and 65,000 2006 Three-year average Population below 20,000 (e.g., census tracts or block groups) 2008 Five-year average The Bureau of Transportation Statistics (BTS)
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Methods commonly used to iterate the data include IPF and Bayesian techniques. 9 The Census Bureau Web site provides comprehensive information on the American Housing Survey at http://www.Census.gov/hhes/www/ahs.html.
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Timeline for standard census products Release date 100-percent data products Lowest level Media March 2001 Census 2000 Redistricting Data Summary File State population counts for race and Hispanic or Latino Census blocks Internet CD-ROM DVD May-June 2001 Demographic Profile Selected population and housing characteristics in a single table. Places Internet CD-ROM/DVD Paper May 2001 Census 2000 housing unit counts Places Internet May-June 2001 Congressional District Demographic Profile Same as the demographic profile but for Congressional districts Congressional districts of the 106th Congress Internet CD-ROM/DVD Paper June 2001 Race and Hispanic or Latino Summary File Places Internet (FTP)
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From page 339... ...
2001 Final national: May-June 2002 Summary File 1 (SF 1) – Population counts for 63 race categories and Hispanic or Latino – Population counts for many detailed race and Hispanic or Latino categories and American Indian and Alaska Native tribes – Selected population and housing characteristics Census blocks Census tracts Census blocks/ census tracts Internet CD-ROM DVD States: Sept.-Dec.
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From page 340... ...
Population and housing characteristics iterated for many detailed race and Hispanic or Latino categories, American Indian and Alaska Native tribes, and ancestry groups Census tracts Internet CD-ROM DVD June 2002-Feb. 2003 Quick Tables Table shells with population and housing characteristics where the user can specify a geographic area and a population group Census tracts Internet CD-ROM/DVD July 2002-Mar.2003 Geographic Comparison Tables Population and housing characteristics for a list of geographic areas (e.g., all counties in a state)
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