Optimal Timing of Pavement Preventive Maintenance Treatment Applications (2004) / Chapter Skim
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Appendix E - Example Illustrating the Inclusion of Different Cost Types
Appendix E - Example Illustrating the Inclusion of Different Cost Types
Pages 65-75
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From page 65... ...
APPENDIX D Plan for Constructing and Monitoring Preventive Maintenance Test Sections APPENDIX E Example Illustrating the Inclusion of Different Cost Types Appendixes C and E are accessible on the web at http://trb.org/news/blurb_detail.asp?
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From page 66... ...
Perhaps the best way to evaluate preventive maintenance effectiveness -- and show when it is most effective -- is through monitoring specially constructed test sections. Properly designed, constructed, and monitored test sections would generate data appropriate for the pavement types, traffic loadings, environmental conditions, and maintenance treatments that are typical of an agency's practices and conditions.
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From page 67... ...
Slurry Seal Microsurfacing Ultrathin Friction Course Thin Overlay Diamond Grinding IRI PSI Noise Control Ultrathin Friction Course Slurry Seal Microsurfacing Diamond Grinding dB Increase Surface Friction Chip Seal Slurry Seal Ultrathin Friction Course Thin Overlay Diamond Grinding Skid Number Mean Texture Depth IFI Extend Pavement Life Crack Sealing Fog Seal Scrub Seal Chip Seal Slurry Seal Microsurfacing Thin Overlay Ultrathin Friction Course Joint and Crack Sealing Condition: Cracking Patching Rutting Raveling Faulting Pumping Spalling Potholes Patching Reduce Moisture Infiltration Crack Sealing Scrub Seal Chip Seal Slurry Seal Microsurfacing Thin Overlay Ultrathin Friction Course Joint and Crack Sealing Condition: Cracking Patching Rutting Raveling Faulting Pumping Spalling Potholes Patching IRI = International Roughness Index; IFI = International Friction Index; dB = decibel TABLE D-1 Relationship between performance objectives and preventive maintenance treatments
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From page 68... ...
Treatment Roughness Friction Noise Life Extension Moisture Reduction Bituminous-Surfaced Pavements Crack Sealing X ✓ Fog Seals X ✓ Scrub Seals ✓ ✓ Slurry Seals ✓ ✓ ✓ ✓ X Microsurfacing ✓ ✓ ✓ ✓ X Chip Seals ✓ ✓ ✓ X Ultrathin Friction Course ✓ ✓ ✓ ✓ ✓ Thin Overlays ✓ ✓ ✓ ✓ ✓ PCC Pavements Joint and Crack Sealing X ✓ Diamond Grinding ✓ ✓ ✓ ✓ ✓ = Major effect x = Minor effect TABLE D-2 Primary benefits of different maintenance treatments
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From page 69... ...
If site constraints do not allow this layout, the replicates can be built in the opposing traffic lanes and placed randomly within the project. For multi-lane roadways, replicates can either be con Treatment Recommended Year of Initial Treatment Treatment Timing Cycle Crack Sealing 1 to 3 Annually Fog Seals 0 to 3 Annually Scrub Seals 2 to 6 Annually Slurry Seals 2 to 6 Annually Microsurfacing 3 to 7 2 years Chip Seals 2 to 5 Annually to 2 years Ultrathin Friction Course 2 to 6 2 years B itu m in ou ssu rfa ce d Thin Overlays 5 to 8 2 years Joint and Crack Sealing1 4 to 102 2 years PC C su rfa ce d Diamond Grinding 5 to 10 3 years 1 Refers to joint resealing and crack sealing.
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From page 70... ...
Less substantial preventive maintenance treatments (such as fog seals or crack sealing) will require shorter evaluation periods then those required for treatments such as microsurfacings or thin overlays.
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From page 71... ...
The inspector should be familiar with the project specifications and note the aspects of the project that affect performance, including the following: • Surface preparation – Defects – Overall surface condition 72 – Treatments – Cleanliness • Materials – Constituents – Mix design – Properties • Environmental conditions – Temperature – Humidity – Rainfall • Equipment calibration and performance • Treatment application rates A standard form may be adapted to local conditions and used to record the results of the construction inspection. While the specifications may be fairly detailed, most preventive Two-Lane Roadways Section 1 Section 2 Section 3 Section 4 Section 5 Section 6 Section 7 WB Treatment B Timing X Control Treatment C Timing X Treatment A Timing X Treatment C Timing Y Treatment A Timing Y Treatment B Timing Y EB Treatment C Timing Y Section Treatment A Timing Y Treatment B Timing Y Treatment B Timing X Treatment C Timing X Treatment A Timing X Min 457 m Four-Lane Roadways Section 14 Section 13 Section 12 Section 11 Section 10 Section 9 Section 8 WB Treatment A Treatment C Treatment B Control Treatment A Treatment B Treatment C WB Timing X Timing X Timing X Section Timing Y Timing Y Timing Y Section 1 Section 2 Section 3 Section 4 Section 5 Section 6 Section 7 EB Treatment B Control Treatment C Treatment A Treatment C Treatment A Treatment B EB Timing X Section Timing X Timing X Timing Y Timing Y Timing Y Min 457 m Total Project Length Depending on Number of Treatment/Timing Combinations Total Project Length Depending on Number of Treatment/Timing Combinations Figure D-1.
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From page 72... ...
Surface Friction If improving surface friction is a goal of placing the preventive maintenance treatments, then surface friction should be monitored on an annual basis. Surface friction is generally measured using a locked-wheel skid trailer with either a ribbed or smooth tire; however, the smooth tire correlates better with surface texture and wet-weather accidents.
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From page 73... ...
If controlling noise levels is one of the goals of an agency's preventive maintenance treatments, it should be monitored for consideration in the analysis. Photo and Video Documentation As a final part of the data collection activities, it is recommended that each test section be photographed and perhaps videotaped during each annual inspection to provide a permanent record of the treatment condition over time.
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From page 74... ...
The timing scenario with the largest computed B/C ratio identifies the optimal timing of those application ages investigated. The primary reason for implementing a plan is to collect performance data that can be used to compute benefit values associated with different timing scenarios for a specific preventive maintenance treatment.
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From page 75... ...
The following are the primary steps involved in the analysis: • Condition indicator selection -- Specification of one or more condition indicators used to define pavement performance. • Preventive maintenance treatment selection -- Selection of one preventive maintenance treatment to be analyzed.
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