Chip Seal Best Practices (2005) / Chapter Skim
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From page 25... ...
This is especially critical when using emul26 sions, because they routinely come in either anionic or cationic forms. Size and Gradation The aggregate gradation plays a key role in the design, construction, and performance of chip seals.
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reference that furnished the specifications for this type of aggregate that would be used with the racked-in seals described in chapter three. Aggregate Shape The shape of cover aggregate is crucial to the successful performance of a chip seal.
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. That report indicated that lightweight aggregate proved to be a highly successful cover aggregate for chip seals.
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Asphalt Cement Binders Some agencies use hot-applied asphalt cement as the binder for chip seals. Soft asphalt cement grades are recommended for use in chip seal applications (Asphalt Surface Treatments -- Specifications undated)
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. Integrating crumb rubber into chip seal binders has proven successful at mitigating reflective cracking, improving aggregate retention, and reducing noise emissions.
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A fiber-reinforced seal usually involves blowing glass fibers onto an application of a polymer-modified binder, with the aggregate being spread quickly after this application. Fiberreinforced chip seals require special purpose–built equipment to spray and apply the treatment.
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From page 31... ...
5. Use polymer-modified binders to enhance chip seal performance.
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