Winter Highway Operations (2005) / Chapter Skim
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Pages 8-20
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From page 8... ...
Respondents reported upgrades to equipment, improved quality of equipment, and better products for anti-icing as the most common changes affecting winter maintenance operations. Specific key changes to winter operations included: • Addition of pre-wetting, • All-liquid trucks, • Cab controls that are easier to use, and • Ground speed controllers for spreader operation to provide calibrated application.
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From page 9... ...
, and • Use of snow fences. SNOW AND ICE CONTROL STRATEGIES The organization of snow and ice control or other winter operation activities by the various agencies follows logical outlines based on the local needs and governmental structure.
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From page 10... ...
Only 50% of the agencies tie the costs and budgets associated with maintenance to specific roadway segments, and only Edmonton and Moncton responded that GIS have been incorporated for snow and ice control budgeting and cost tracking. Four agencies, Edmonton, Idaho, Saskatchewan, and Washington State, noted that they had documented benefits resulting from winter maintenance activities.
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From page 11... ...
Good winter driving conditions are defined to "exist when snow and ice have been removed from the driving lanes and excessive snow has been removed from the shoulders and centre line of the highway. Short sections of ice and Ca lif or ni a Co nn ec tic ut Id ah o Ill in oi s In di an a M ar yl an d M in ne so ta M is so ur i M on ta na N eb ra sk a N ev ad a O re go n W as hi ng to n $0 $500 $1,000 $1,500 $2,000 $2,500 $3,000 $3,500 $4,000 $4,500 $ p er la ne m ile Winter 2002/03 Ten Year Max Ten Year Min NA NANA FIGURE 2 Approximate winter operation costs per lane mile as provided by respondents.
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From page 13... ...
Responding agencies did not single out pavement temperature forecasts in their replies. All state and provincial agencies provide access to weather forecasts for winter operations decision makers.
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From page 14... ...
Traditional activities include classic methods such as snow removal with truck-mounted plows, maintaining the driving surface during storms, storm clean-up, and controlling blowing snow with snow fences. Primary Field Operation Conditions Winter maintenance personnel encounter a variety of adverse pavement conditions that need to be addressed in accomplish14 ing their activities.
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From page 15... ...
Interference by radios with other electronic systems was reported by three agencies. Trucks The common response from agencies in all road weather climate categories indicated the use of a fleet of both two- and three-axle trucks with a gross vehicle weight range of 25,000 to 50,000 lb for snow and ice control.
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From page 16... ...
Computerized spreader controls are typically used on two-thirds of the winter maintenance vehicles by the organizations surveyed. Seventeen of the responding agencies described the use of computerized spreader controls.
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From page 17... ...
Services Maryland State Highway Admin. Minnesota DOT Missouri DOT City of Moncton Montana DOT Ministere des Transports du Quebec New Brunswick DOT Nebraska DOT Nova Scotia DOT Nevada DOT Oregon DOT Saskatchewan Highways and Transportation City of Vancouver Washington State DOT NaCl NaCl Brine CaCl CaCl Inhibited MgCl NaCl CaCl CMA Kac NaCl Inhibited Complex Cl MgCl Inhibited Agency MgCl Notes: NaCl = sodium chloride; CaCl = calcium chloride; CMA = calcium magnesium acetate; Kac = potassium acetate; MgCl = magnesium chloride.
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From page 18... ...
Caltrans has installed jet roofs on ridgelines above selected highways to alter the wind flow and reduce the development of avalanche hazard. ROAD WEATHER INFORMATION SYSTEMS Use of RWIS has become a mainstream technological methodology in the winter operations toolbox.
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From page 19... ...
In 2003, two federally funded projects were begun with regard to siting standards and pavement sensor calibration. Information Access Seventeen of 22 reporting agencies provided first-hand access to roadside weather information and pavement surface conditions for the individual winter operations decision makers.
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From page 20... ...
Key areas identified for improvement that have cross-agency relevance included the following: 20 • Integrating separate systems; • Improving data displays and simplifying use; • Including supplementary weather information such as NEXRAD (Next Generation Radar, which can measure both precipitation and wind) , satellite images, and weather maps; • Making RWIS data and weather information directly accessible in every maintenance station; • Improving site selection procedures; • Providing additional training of maintenance staff; • Providing high-quality weather forecasting services; • Determining adequate sensor selection for recognition of blowing snow conditions; and • Dedicating personnel to manage and maintain the system.
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