Traveler Response to Transportation System Changes Handbook, Third Edition: Chapter 5, Vanpools and Buspools (2005) / Chapter Skim
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Pages 7-19
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From page 7... ...
Transit provider vanpool programs often make use of external funding sources for capital costs, and then, in several reported instances, achieve cost recovery ratios that approach or even exceed full operating cost recovery. Known buspool cost recovery ratios for transit operators are 60 to 80 percent.
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From page 8... ...
The firms responding to the survey came from diverse industries and were dis5-7 Table 5-1 Effectiveness of the 3M Company Employer Vanpool Program Over Time
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From page 9... ...
Of the 160 firms that responded, 58 were actually operating employer vanpool programs, and another nine provided certain vanpool services to their employees. Before including administrative costs, 50 percent of the vanpool programs were operating at a financial break-even point or better.
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From page 10... ...
Third-Party Vanpool Demonstration Programs Four pioneer third-party vanpool programs were created in Knoxville, Tennessee; Norfolk, Virginia; San Francisco, California; and Minneapolis, Minnesota, between 1975 and 1977 under the Urban Mass Transportation Administration's Service and Methods Demonstration program. The four programs had significant differences, which provided a unique opportunity for study.
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From page 11... ...
. The program is described further in the case study, "Connecticut's Easy Street® Vanpool Program." 5-10 Knoxville Norfolk Golden Gate Corridor Minneapolis Operational program vans at close of demonstration 51 46 86 62 Vanpool occupancy Year 1 10 6-8 9.4 Year 2 11 8-10 10.2 8 10.2 Vanpool mode split 2.1% 3.4% 0.5-1.0% 0.3-0.7% Average round trip distance 61 miles 54 miles 56 milesa 54 miles Note: a Figure is for year 2.
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From page 12... ...
The operation was brought in-house in 1998, with the city of Austin providing a 2⁄3 subsidy to supplement fares. Average weekday deployment of vanpools stood at 111 in 2001–2002, serving some 1,000 daily and 260,000 annual unlinked trips (National Transit Database, 1997, 2001, and 2002; Higgins and Rabinowitz, 2002)
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From page 13... ...
. 5-12 Table 5-4 Selected King County Metro Vanpool and "Custom Bus" Statistics Weekday Averageb, c Average Trip Length Year Maximuma or Average Vehicles in Service Annual Unlinked Passenger Trips Trips per Vehicle Vehicle Loadingsd One Way Miles Round Trip Miles 1985 127 vans 231 vans 520 vans 526 vans 643 vans 691 vans 686 vans 720,500 22.8 11.4 n/a n/a 1989 1,251,000 21.7 10.9 26.2 52.5 1994 2,100,700 16.2 8.1 28.7 57.4 1996 1,873,100 14.3 7.2 27.1 54.2 1998 1,987,500 12.4 6.2 25.9 51.7 2000 2,019,800 12.0 6.0 24.9 49.8 2002 1,749,200 10.5 5.2 24.6 49.1 1998 41 busese 434,300f 52.5g 26.3g n/a n/a Notes: a Maximum for 1985-1996, average weekday for 1998-2002 vanpools (average deployments)
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From page 14... ...
of Vanpools Average Weekday Passenger Trips Annual Unlinked Passenger Trips Implicit Annualization Factor Average Weekday Vehicle Loadings Average One-Way Passenger Miles King County Metro, Seattle, WA 686 7,199 1,749,200 243 5.2 24.6 Pace, Cook County (Chicago) , IL 422 4,678 1,192,900 255 5.5 24.2 CT, Snohomish County, WA 243 2,557 652,000 255 5.3 26.3 Valley Metro, Phoenix, AZa 209 2,945 753,900 256 7.0 27.0 Pierce Transit, Tacoma, WA 204 2,379 594,750 250 5.8 34.2 Notes: Excludes Connecticut's Easy Street® program, which would rank ahead of Community Transit (CT)
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From page 15... ...
Space Coast reported having, on the average 2002 weekday, 32 vanpools deployed, 495 unlinked passenger trips, and a 52.3 mile average oneway passenger trip length. The Hampton Roads system reported 39 vanpools, 564 passenger trips, and a 50.6 mile average one-way trip length (National Transit Database, 2002)
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From page 16... ...
5-15 Table 5-6 Transit Provider Vanpool Program Survey Results, Circa 2001 Primary Customer Base Vanpool Service Provider, Location Number of Vanpools No. of Riders per Day "8 to 5 " C om m u te rs A lt .-S h if t C om m u te rs A D A C om m u te rs W el fa re -t oW or k N on C om m u te rs Santa Cruz County RTC, CA n/a n/a Space Coast Area Transit, Brevard Co., FL 100 860*
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From page 17... ...
Kitsap Transit itself is a multiservice operator with fixed routes, paratransit, buspooling, vanpooling, ride-matching, and contract passenger ferries serving Kitsap County, across Puget Sound from Seattle. The buspooling started 5-16 3 A 1970 survey indicated that the market penetration to employment areas directly served may have been 2.0 to 2.5 times greater than for the Washington commute as a whole.
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From page 18... ...
King County Metro then required a guarantee of 40 passes per month from the employer/subscriber to operate a Custom Bus. Fares in 1999 ranged from $50 to $90 per month, depending on travel time, and were designed to achieve an 80 percent cost recovery ratio.
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From page 19... ...
A monthly fare of $75 to $94 was charged. The mix of fixed route, subscription bus, and vanpool services was successful in retaining a 30 to 35 percent share following the move, compared to 92 percent transit at the Sears Tower site.
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