Aircraft and Airport-Related Hazardous Air Pollutants: Research Needs and Analysis (2008) / Chapter Skim
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Pages 19-26
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4.1 Health Effects Associated with Aviation-Related Hazardous Air Pollutants Chronic exposure1 to many of the aviation-related HAPs has been associated with both cancer and noncancer effects. These health effects have been observed in controlled studies in laboratory animals, and in some cases for individuals exposed to these HAPs in occupational settings.
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. 4.2 Evaluation of Chronic Health Effects for Aviation-Related Hazardous Air Pollutants In order to evaluate both carcinogenic and noncarcinogenic aviation-related HAPs according to their potential to cause adverse health effects, RBCs for both cancer and noncancer endpoints were developed for this report, using toxicity criteria for the HAPs along with standard assumptions for evaluating exposure to carcinogens and noncarcinogens.
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TC (mg/m3) 0.39 Health Canada 2000 Degeneration of olfactory epithelium in rats exposed for four weeks (Appleman et al.
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The CIIT value also accounts for the nonlinear dose-response for nasal cavity tumors as observed by Kerns et al. and others As discussed in a Health Canada priority substances list assessment report on formaldehyde (Health Canada 2001)
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. 23 7 While we believe the Health Canada TC value represents the most current scientific understanding of acetaldehyde's noncancer toxicity for the purposes of establishing a prioritized research agenda, any quantitative health risk assessment of airport exposures should rely on the most appropriate toxicity value for the specific purposes of the risk assessment.
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. In an in vitro study, levels of DNA adducts at equivalent molar concentrations were approximately 20-fold higher for methylglyoxal as compared with acetaldehyde (Vaca, Nilsson et al.
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4.4 Evaluation of Acute Exposures for Aviation-Related HAPs For evaluating acute effects the report researchers identified acute exposure guidelines (AEGLs) , acute minimal risk levels (MRLs)
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. Notes : ppm parts per million HAP hazardous air pollutant REL reference exposure level AEGL acute exposure guideline MRL minimum risk level a Benzene REL is for a 6-hr exposure period, all other RELs are for a 1-hr exposure period.
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