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From page 58... ... CAPTool User Guide P A R T I I Read the entire page →
From page 59... ... , the Federal Highway Administration (FHWA) , the Transportation Security Administration (TSA) Read the entire page →
From page 60... ... • Examine the merits of various countermeasure additions and enhancements including capital and operation measures -- both singly and in combination. 62 CAPTool User Guide Costing Asset Protection: An All Hazards Guide for Transportation Agencies (CAPTA) Read the entire page →
From page 61... ... This combination enables decision makers to determine appropriate risk mitigation measures and estimate their costs as a function of the selected consequence threshold. CAPTA may be employed by a range of agencies responsible for risk management across transportation modes in an all-hazards environment: • Regional entities, such as port authorities, toll authorities, and transit authorities; • State agencies, such as departments of transportation and state emergency management agencies; and • Local agencies, such as departments of public works and county highway departments. Read the entire page →
From page 62... ... Several risk management guides were prepared independently and were targeted at state transportation agencies that own, operate, or influence specific assets or specific asset classes within the transportation system. They included guides to assess risk and vulnerability for highway assets, rural transit, ferries, tunnels, and bridges. Read the entire page →
From page 63... ... The consequence threshold may vary from jurisdiction to jurisdiction and among individual managers, depending on individual tolerance. Reasonable ranges of consequences are provided to guide the user in each of the following four consequence areas: • Potentially exposed population • Property loss • Mission disruption • Social/cultural disruption The CAPTA methodology, as implemented in a spreadsheet (CAPTool) Read the entire page →
From page 64... ... In keeping with the above approach, CAPTA uses consequence thresholds (for life, property, and mission) to focus risk management on assets and hazard or threat combinations that merit risk reduction investment at the program planning level. Read the entire page →
From page 65... ... Many are located at www.trb.org/ securitypubs/. The following list contains individual examples of such materials: • TCRP Report 86/NCHRP Report 525, Volume 12: Making Transportation Tunnels Safe and Secure (Parsons Brinckerhoff Quade & Douglas, Inc., Science Applications International Corporation, and Interactive Elements Incorporated; Transportation Research Board of the National Academies, Washington, DC, 2006) Read the entire page →
From page 66... ... The difference rests in the level of detail provided to the user and the requirement for user input. To facilitate ease of use, the User Guide is based on the Basic CAPTool application within the optional Expanded CAPTool explained in the subsequent section. Read the entire page →
From page 67... ... Introduction 69 Basic Step Basic CAPTool Expanded CAPTool Expanded Step 1 Relevant Risk Selection Relevant Risk Selection 1 Threat Hazard Vulnerability 1a 2 Thresholds Thresholds 2 3 Asset /Asset Class Inventory Asset /Asset Class Inventory 3 4 High-Consequence Assets Inventory High-Consequence Assets Inventory 4 Countermeasure Costs 5a Selection of Additional Countermeasures 5b Countermeasure Filter Selection 5c 5 Countermeasure Opportunities (including asset-specific opportunities) Countermeasure Opportunities (including asset-specific opportunities) Read the entire page →
From page 68... ... Example Agency To ease comprehension of the CAPTA methodology, the fictional Apex Transportation Authority is used to illustrate application of CAPTool. The Apex Transportation Authority possesses a normal complement of urban transportation assets, including road bridges and tunnels, transit stations, transit bridges and tunnels, buses, and a single passenger ferry that operates seasonally. Read the entire page →
From page 69... ... The required data are described in Table 3. Data Consistency Asset data should be vetted to ensure that measures of capacity, occupancy, detour length, replacement costs, and other factors are verified and applied consistently. Read the entire page →
From page 70... ... Transit/Rail Tunnels Identification of asset or asset class, quantity, maximum train capacity (occupancy) , replacement cost, length, percentage of total ridership using the bridge. Read the entire page →
From page 71... ... In the event that a user is concerned with a transportation asset class that is not under the control of the agency conducting the analysis, such as when a state DOT might include a privatized ferry service in the analysis, the user may still use CAPTool and the results can be included or excluded from the agency's own budget as appropriate. The user is asked to choose which threats and/or hazards are relevant in the jurisdiction of interest. Read the entire page →
From page 72... ... Criminal Acts -- Any act of civil disturbance that violates local, state, or federal laws. 74 CAPTool User Guide Type Hazard/Threat Unintentional Hazard Fire Structural Failure HAZMAT Natural Hazard Flood Earthquake Extreme Weather Mud/Landslide Intentional Threat Small Explosive (hand carried) Read the entire page →
From page 73... ... Figure 2 shows the input screen from the spreadsheet where the user selects "Y" or "N" (yes or no) , indicating which combination of hazards and threats and transportation asset classes are to be considered. Read the entire page →
From page 74... ... When done, click "Next." Reset Answers to "N" User-Entered On/Off Next Save TimeStamped Copy to Default Folder PreviousExpanded CAPTool Basic CAPTool1 5432 6 1 55c5b4321a 65a Figure 2. Input screen for threat/hazard and asset class. Read the entire page →
From page 75... ... Note that some combinations of threats or hazards and asset classes may not appear on the output table because the rules implemented in the CAPTA reflect judgments regarding whether the hazard or threat could result in the destruction of the asset class in question. ATA Example As shown in Figure 3, the fictional ATA has road, transit, and ferry components and will consider the asset classes and hazards and threats marked with a "Y" in CAPTool. Read the entire page →
From page 76... ... The "Save" button to the right will rename the file as a time and date-stamped copy to your default folder with the filename: "TransRiskManagementYYYY-MM-DD HH.MM.SS.xls" For the asset classes of interest, please indicate the threats/hazards that you wish to include in your analysis by toggling the response from "N" to "Y" for each cell. Threat/hazard and asset combinations that are likely to result in serious loss will be considered in subsequent steps. Read the entire page →
From page 77... ... User Input User inputs in this step establish the consequence thresholds for each of these consequence categories for each asset category (Figure 4) Read the entire page →
From page 78... ... Category Critical Threshold Explanation ROAD BRIDGE Potentially Exposed Population 0 Potentially exposed population threshold Property Loss $5,000 Replacement cost Mission Importance Level I Demand percentile for ADT * Detour Length Level I 29000 Level II 68000 Level III 241000 ROAD TUNNEL Potentially Exposed Population 0 Potentially exposed population threshold Property Loss $5,000 Replacement cost Mission Importance Yes Do you consider all road tunnels to be mission critical? Read the entire page →
From page 79... ... The expression is in millions of dollars across the cost range. • Mission Importance: This category is expressed in terms of loss of function and/or transport delays and is relevant to specific assets or asset classes, including the relative importance of assets to the transportation network as indicated by their system role (e.g., Interstate Highway System, National Highway System designation) Read the entire page →
From page 80... ... Category Critical Threshold Explanation ROAD BRIDGE Potentially Exposed Population 200 Potentially exposed population threshold Property Loss $101,699,661 Replacement cost Mission Importance Demand Percentile II Demand percentile for ADT * Detour Length Level I 29000 Level II 68000 Level III 241000 ROAD TUNNEL Potentially Exposed Population 101 Potentially exposed population threshold Property Loss $101,699,661 Replacement cost Mission Importance No Do you consider all road tunnels to be mission critical? Read the entire page →
From page 81... ... The secondary purpose is to calculate whether an asset or asset class surpasses the consequence thresholds chosen by the user. Definitions Asset Class -- An aggregation of similar transportation assets. Read the entire page →
From page 82... ... User Inputs The user enters all the assets and asset classes to be considered by the CAPTool into the appropriate transportation asset category sheet. The categories are those selected in Step 1, from among the following: • Road Bridge • Road Tunnel 84 CAPTool User Guide Asset Class PEP Equation Property Equation Mission Equation Road Bridges Separated into primary direction and secondary direction -- for each, if vehicles/lane > 2400, assume 40 vehicles/ 1000ft. Read the entire page →
From page 83... ... Instructions for Entering Assets/Asset Classes into CAPTA The specific data needed varies by the asset category. Figure 6 shows the data required for road bridges. Read the entire page →
From page 84... ... Replacement Cost Per Asset(Optional) Potentially Exposed Population Property Loss Mission Importance Manual Override ROAD BRIDGES CRITICALITY Specified Thresholds Potentially Exposed Population Property Loss Mission Importance Manual Override On/Off Calculate Criticality Comments Hide/Unhide Describe Infrastructure Assets (Road bridges) Read the entire page →
From page 85... ... Occupancy (Optional) Potentially Exposed Population Property Loss Mission Importance Manual Override Northern Region TMC 1 4609 Eastern Region TMC 1 12074 Central Region TMC 1 14997 SW Region TMC 1 22000 Y NW Region TMC 1 23011 Y Central Office 1 206000 Y Maintenance Division 1 78000 Y Central Services 1 87000 Y Brighton Office - Materials 1 45000 Y Western District - Administration Building 1 36000 Y Eastern District - Administration Building 1 34000 Y South District - Administration Building 1 56000 Y North District - Administration Building 1 21000 Y ADMIN & SUPPORT FACILITIES CRITICALITY Specified Thresholds Potentially Exposed Population Property Loss Mission Importance Manual Override On/Off Calculate Criticality Comments Hide/Unhide Next Describe Infrastructure Assets (Admin & Support Facilities) Read the entire page →
From page 86... ... The "Y" in the "criticality" table on the right of each figure indicates that the attributes of the asset (or asset class) are such that, if exposed to the previously identified hazards and threats, the result could exceed one or more of the consequence thresholds (E=exposed population, P=property damage, M=mission, MO=manual override) Read the entire page →
From page 87... ... Potentially Exposed Population Property Loss Mission Importance Manual Override Fair St. Bridge 1 1469 2389 76 Yes Y ES Rhodes Bridge 1 9753 3409 54 No Peck Bridge 1 234000 1428 21 No Y Tucker Channel Bridge 1 4967 671 2 89 No Broad Bridge 1 56099 4530 43 No Y Shaw Bridge 4 45032 7927 78 No Y Y I-95 Bridge 2390 801 2 65 No High Bridge 1 1 89345 5609 92 No Y Y Little River Bridge 1 50345 10478 23 No Y Y McDonald Bridge 1 42000 12093 2 2 8 4 4 4 4 6 56 $50,000,000 No Y ROAD BRIDGES CRITICALITY Specified Thresholds Potentially Exposed Population Property Loss Mission Importance Manual Override On/Off Calculate Criticality Comments Hide/Unhide Describe Infrastructure Assets (Road bridges) Read the entire page →
From page 88... ... to which they are vulnerable. Purpose The primary purpose of this step is to identify assets or asset classes that exceed consequence thresholds. Read the entire page →
From page 89... ... Asset Type # of critical assets # of assets considered Road bridges 3 26 Road tunnels 3 11 Stations 13 13 Rail bridges 6 6 4Rail tunnels 4 Facilities 5 12 Ferry 0 2 Fleet 5 Other 0 8 0 YX Total 39 82 Road Bridges Road Tunnels Transit/Rail Station B l u e R i v e r B r i d g e S t a t e L i n e B r i d g e V e t e r a n ' s B r i d g e D o w n t o w n T u n n e l U p t o w n T u n n e l M e m o r i a l T u n n e l N o r t h S t a t i o n S o u t h S t a t i o n B a y S t a t i o n D o w n t o w n S t a t i o n M a r k e t S t a t i o n P a r k S t r e e t S t a t i o n G o v e r n m e n t C e n t e r Potentially Exposed Population Y Y Y Y Y Y Y Y Y Y Y Y Y Property Loss Y Y Y Y Y Y Mission Importance Manual Override Small Explosives X Large Explosives X Fire X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X HAZMAT C R I T I C A L I T Y R E L E V A N T T H R E A T S / H A Z A R D S Identify Critical Assets Across Modes Instructions The following is a list of all critical assets, their thresholds of interest, and their relevant threats or hazards. If you wish to modify the relevant risks for an asset, delete an "X" from any cell to remove that as a risk for the corresponding asset. Read the entire page →
From page 90... ... Failure X X X X X X X X X HAZMAT X Flood Earthquake X X X X X Extreme Weather X X Mud/Landslide X X X User entered threat/hazard 1 X X X X X User entered threat/hazard 2 X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X XXX X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X C R I T I C A L I T Y R E L E V A N T T H R E A T S / H A Z A R D S Identify Critical Assets Across Modes Instructions The following is a list of all critical assets, their thresholds of interest, and their relevant threats or hazards. If you wish to modify the relevant risks for an asset, delete an "X" from any cell to remove that as a risk for the corresponding asset. Read the entire page →
From page 91... ... After the initial choice of countermeasures for the arrayed assets and asset classes, the user may select a specific asset and view the countermeasure choices for that asset as well as the cost of those measures. The user can access asset-specific data and countermeasure options by clicking the mouse on the specific asset listed across the top of the table and then clicking the "Analyze Asset" button at the top of the page. Read the entire page →
From page 92... ... When you are satisfied with your CM allocation, click "Continue." Next Analyze Asset FilterCountermeasures Clear All Countermeasure Quantities Basic CAPTool Expanded CAPTool 1 5432 6 1 55c5b4321a 65a Figure 11. Countermeasure selection. Read the entire page →
From page 93... ... The Basic CAPTool Guide 95 Read the entire page →
From page 94... ... Alternatively, the "Analyze Asset" sheet also has a field for adding units of countermeasure. When you are satisfied with your CM allocation, click "Continue." Next Analyze Asset FilterCountermeasures Clear All Countermeasure Quantities Basic CAPTool Expanded CAPTool 1 5432 6 1 55c5b4321a 65a Figure 12. Read the entire page →
From page 95... ... User Inputs and Actions No user input is required in this step. Based upon the results shown in the summary, the user has the option to return to the beginning and • Repeat the process using different threshold values; or • Use the Enhanced CAPTool, which allows the user to enter cost and other data and set countermeasure filters to limit the countermeasures considered. Read the entire page →
From page 96... ... $4,040.1 $2,050.4 $0.0 $0.0 $0.0 $0.0 $0.0 $0.0 $0.0 Physical Security Countermeasures $700,600 Access Control Countermeasures $330,000 Design/Engr Countermeasures $5,059,912 Operational Countermeasures $0 Other Countermeasures $0 Overall Total $6,090,501 R e l e v a n t R i s k s Potentially Exposed Population Property Loss T o t a l s # of Unique Critical Assets Mission Importance T h r e s h o l d s E x p e n d i t u r e s C o u n t s 7 00 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0104 Road Bridges Transit/Rail Stations Transit/Rail Bridges Admin & Support Facilities Other Save Time-Stamped Copy to Default Folder Ferries Fleets Summary Report Click Heading for Detailed Expenditure Report Return to Beginning Road Tunnels Transit/Rail Tunnels Edit Countermeasure Selection Save Results Only Basic CAPTool Expanded CAPTool 1 5432 6 1 55c5b4321a 65a Read the entire page →
From page 97... ... Expenditures by Asset Class 66% 34% 0% Road Bridges Road Tunnels Transit/Rail Station Transit/Rail Bridges Transit/Rail Tunnels Admin & Support Facilities Ferry Fleet Other Expenditures by CM Type 12% 5% 83% 0% 0% Physical Security Countermeasures Access Control Countermeasures Design/Engr Countermeasures Operational Countermeasures Other Countermeasures Read the entire page →
From page 98... ... This spreadsheet will allow the user to adjust the hazard/threat to asset combinations. The Basic CAPTool uses default assumptions to match hazards and threats to the asset classes. Read the entire page →
From page 99... ... Potentially Exposed Population Property Loss Mission Importance Manual Override Potentially Exposed Population Property Loss Mission Importance Manual Override Potentially Exposed Population Property Loss Mission Importance Manual Override Small Explosives X Large Explosives X Fire X X X X X HAZMAT X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X Road Bridges Transit/Rail StationRoad Tunnels Verify High Consequence Threats and Hazards Instructions For each asset class, indicate which threats or hazards could cause unacceptable consequences for exposed population, property damage, or loss of mission capabilities by placing an "X" in the appropriate square. Additionally, if you plan to manually mark certain assets as critical (manual override) Read the entire page →
From page 100... ... Assumptions The user desired to apply local cost figures using the Enhanced CAPTool. User Inputs The user manually enters cost data for selected countermeasures (Figure 16) Read the entire page →
From page 101... ... Deploys one FT traffic engineer, 1 PT carpenter, 1 PT operating engineer, $9,000 fixed cost - $211,000 per year 31 Public Information and Dissemination $150.00 1 PIO, 1 web technician. 2FT employee per year Physical Security Countermeasures Access Control Countermeasures Asset Design/Engineering Operational Countermeasures Reset Next Review Countermeasure Unit Costs Instructions If you wish to modify any of the per-unit countermeasure costs, please do so below by entering the new value into the appropriate field. Read the entire page →
From page 102... ... Assumptions The user desires to consider additional countermeasures in the CAPTA process that are not already contained within the CAPTool countermeasures database. User Inputs The user enters the additional countermeasures to be included in the Enhanced CAPTool, as shown in Figure 17. Read the entire page →
From page 103... ... $0.0 $0.0 $0.0 $0.0 $0.0 $0.0 $0.0 $0.0 $0.0 $0.0 Area-Wide Asset Specific Temporary/Redeployable Multipurpose Potential Basic Enhanced Threat Responsive Small Explosives M Large Explosives M Chemical/Biological/Radiological M Criminal Acts M Lighting M Struct. Failure M HAZMAT M Flood M Earthquake M Extreme Weather M Mud/Landslide M M M M M M M M M M M M M M M M M M M M M M M M M M M M M M M M M M M M M M M M M M M M M M M M M M M M M M M M M M M M M M M M M M M M M M M M M M M M M M M M M M M M M M M M M M M M M M M M M M M M F u n c t i o n s C o s t I m p l e m e n t a t i o n P a c k a g e R o a d B r i d g e s Next PreviousClear Entries on SheetIdentify and Describe Additional Countermeasures Instructions If you wish to add additional countermeasures, select "ON" to turn on each CM column. Read the entire page →
From page 104... ... Assumptions The user chooses to screen the display of CAPTool countermeasures. User Inputs The user will manually enter cost data to the desired countermeasure as in Figure 18. Read the entire page →
From page 105... ... The Enhanced CAPTool G uide 107 Road Bridges Road Tunnels Transit/RailStation Transit/Rail Bridges Transit/Rail Tunnels Admin & Support Facilities Ferry Fleet Other Is prediction a desirable countermeasure function? Y Y Is deterrence a desirable countermeasure function? Read the entire page →
From page 106... ... CAPTA combines a transparent means to capture management judgments on consequence thresholds with the objective characteristics of the assets analyzed to produce a list of high-consequence assets that merit further examination. CAPTool identifies high-consequence assets and links them to objective data and user choices. Read the entire page →
From page 107... ... 109 A P P E N D I X A Countermeasure Unit Costs and Descriptions Read the entire page →
From page 108... ... 110 CAPTool User Guide Measure Estimated Per-Unit Cost (x1000) Description Unit of Measure Lightinga $11.30 One per 100 ft of road or perimeter. Read the entire page →
From page 109... ... Countermeasure Unit Costs and Descriptions 111 Measure Estimated Per-Unit Cost (x1000) Description Unit of Measure Seismic Retrofittinge $10,000.00 Estimates must be changed to reflect local variation. Read the entire page →
From page 110... ... b $15,600/lf User input percentage of ridership that regularly use this transit/rail transportation asset Transit/Rail Tunnel 2 (maximum capacity of rail cars) b $40,000/lf User input percentage of ridership that regularly use this transit/rail transportation asset Administrative & Support Facilities 1 person/175 sq ftc $210/sq ft Never critical unless so designated by user Ferries Maximum capacity of ferry User input of cost Never critical unless so designated by user Fleets Maximum occupancy of one fleet vehicle (Average cost per vehicle) Read the entire page →
From page 111... ... Getting Started with the Tool STEP 1: Save the Microsoft® Excel file named "Costing Asset Protection Tool.xls" to your computer. STEP 2: Open the file. Read the entire page →
From page 112... ... Countermeasures Attributes Tables D-1 through D-3 show the attributes of countermeasures in the countermeasures dictionary, organized into countermeasure categories. Baseline Assessment of Relative Value Tables D-4 through D-12 show the baseline assessment of the relative value of each of the countermeasures included in the countermeasures dictionary. Read the entire page →
From page 113... ... $11.3 $3.3 $21 $17.5 $0.9 $30 Area-Wide Asset Specific X X X X X X Temporary/Redeployable X Im pl em en ta tio n Multipurpose Potential X X X X X X Basic X X X X X X Enhanced Pa ck ag e Threat Responsive X Table D-1. Attributes of physical security countermeasures. Read the entire page →
From page 114... ... $10 $50 $57 $138 $18.5 $30 $30 $30 $30 $1.2 $257 $0.1 $0.1 Area-Wide X X X X X Asset Specific X X X X X X X X Temporary/Redeployable X X X X Im pl em en ta tio n Multipurpose Potential Basic X X X X X X X X Enhanced X X X Pa ck ag e Threat Responsive X X Table D-2. Attributes of access control countermeasures. Read the entire page →
From page 115... ... $10,000 $460 $0.6 $30 $100 $100 $1,330 $100 $100 $100 $220 $150 Area-Wide X X X X X X X X X Asset Specific X X X Temporary/Redeployable X X X Im pl em en ta tio n Multipurpose Potential X X X X X X Basic X X X X X X X X X Enhanced X X X Pa ck ag e Threat Responsive X X X Table D-3. Attributes of design/engineering and operational countermeasures. Read the entire page →
From page 116... ... Failure L L L L L H HAZMAT L L L L L H Flood L M L L L H Earthquake L L L L L L Extreme Weather L M L L L H R oa d Tu nn el s Mud/Landslide L M L L L H Small Explosives M L L M M H Large Explosives M M M M M M Chemical/Biological/Radiological M L L L M H Criminal Acts M L L M M M Fire M M L M L L Struct. Failure L L L L L H HAZMAT L L L L L H Flood L M L L L H Earthquake L L L L L L Extreme Weather L M L L L H Tr an si t/R ai l S ta tio n Mud/Landslide L M L L L H Table D-4. Read the entire page →
From page 117... ... Failure L L L L L L L L L L L L L HAZMAT L L L L L L L L L L L M L Flood L L L L L L L L L L L M L Earthquake L L L L L L L L L L L L L Extreme Weather L L L L L L L L L L L L L R oa d Tu nn el s Mud/Landslide L L L L L L L L L L L L L Small Explosives L M L M L H L M M M H H L Large Explosives L M L L M M M M M M H M L Chemical/Biological/Radiological L M L L M H L M M M L M L Criminal Acts L L M L M M M M M H L H M Fire L L L L L L L L L L L H L Struct. Failure L L L L L L L L L L L L L HAZMAT L L L L L L L L L L L M L Flood L L L L L L L L L L L M L Earthquake L L L L L L L L L L L L L Extreme Weather L L L L L L L L L L L L L Tr an si t/R ai l S ta tio n Mud/Landslide L L L L L L L L L L L L L Table D-5. Read the entire page →
From page 118... ... Failure H L H L L L L L H H H H HAZMAT L H L M M L H L H H H H Flood H L L H H L L L H H H H Earthquake H M H M H L L L H H H H Extreme Weather H L H M H L L L H H H H Tr an si t/R ai l S ta tio n Mud/Landslide H L H M H L L L H H H H Table D-6. Relative value of design/engineering and operational countermeasures for road bridges, road tunnels, and transit/rail stations. Read the entire page →
From page 119... ... Failure L L L L L H HAZMAT L L L L L H Flood L M L L L H Earthquake L L L L L L Extreme Weather L M L L L H Tr an si t/R ai l T un ne ls Mud/Landslide L M L L L H Small Explosives M L L M M H Large Explosives M M M M M M Chemical/Biological/Radiological M L L L M H Criminal Acts M L L M M M Fire L L L L L L Struct. Failure L L L L L H HAZMAT L L L L L M Flood L M L L L H Earthquake L L L L L L Extreme Weather L M L L L L A dm in & S up po rt Fa ci lit ie s Mud/Landslide L M L L L L Table D-7. Read the entire page →
From page 120... ... Failure L L L L L L L L L L L L L HAZMAT L L L L L L L L L L L M L Flood L L L L L L L L L L L M L Earthquake L L L L L L L L L L L L L Extreme Weather L L L L L L L L L L L L L Tr an si t/R ai l T un ne ls Mud/Landslide L L L L L L L L L L L L L Small Explosives L M L M L H L M M M H H L Large Explosives L M L L M M M M M M H M L Chemical/Biological/Radiological L M L L M H L M M M L M L Criminal Acts L L M L M M M M M H L H M Fire L L L L L L L L L L L H L Struct. Failure L L L L L L L L L L L L L HAZMAT L L L L L L L L L L L M L Flood L L L L L L L L L L L M L Earthquake L L L L L L L L L L L L L Extreme Weather L L L L L L L L L L L L L A dm in & S up po rt Fa ci lit ie s Mud/Landslide L L L L L L L L L L L L L Table D-8. Read the entire page →
From page 121... ... Failure H L H L M L L L H H H H HAZMAT L M L L L L H L H H H H Flood H L H L H L L L H H H H Earthquake H L H L H L L L H H H H Extreme Weather H L H L H L L L H H H H A dm in & S up po rt Fa ci lit ie s Mud/Landslide H L H L H L L L H H H H Table D-9. Relative value of design/engineering and operational countermeasures for transit/rail bridges, transit/rail tunnels, and administrative and support facilities. Read the entire page →
From page 122... ... Failure L L L L L H HAZMAT L L L L L M Flood L M L L L H Earthquake L L L L L L Extreme Weather L M L L L L Fl ee ts Mud/Landslide L M L L L L Small Explosives M M M M M M Large Explosives M M M M M M Chemical/Biological/Radiological M M M M M M Criminal Acts M M M M M M Fire M M M M M M Struct. Failure M M M M M M HAZMAT M M M M M M Flood M M M M M M Earthquake M M M M M M Extreme Weather M M M M M M O th er Mud/Landslide M M M M M M Table D-10. Read the entire page →
From page 123... ... Failure L L L L L L L L L L L L L HAZMAT L L L L L L L L L L L M L Flood L L L L L L L L L L L M L Earthquake L L L L L L L L L L L L L Extreme Weather L L L L L L L L L L L L L Fl ee ts Mud/Landslide L L L L L L L L L L L L L Small Explosives M M M M M M M M M M M M M Large Explosives M M M M M M M M M M M M M Chemical/Biological/Radiological M M M M M M M M M M M M M Criminal Acts M M M M M M M M M M M M M Fire M M M M M M M M M M M M M Struct. Failure M M M M M M M M M M M M M HAZMAT M M M M M M M M M M M M M Flood M M M M M M M M M M M M M Earthquake M M M M M M M M M M M M M Extreme Weather M M M M M M M M M M M M M O th er Mud/Landslide M M M M M M M M M M M M M Table D-11. Read the entire page →
From page 124... ... Failure M M M M M M M M M M M M HAZMAT M M M M M M M M M M M M Flood M M M M M M M M M M M M Earthquake M M M M M M M M M M M M Extreme Weather M M M M M M M M M M M M O th er Mud/Landslide M M M M M M M M M M M M Table D-12. Relative value of design/engineering and operational countermeasures for ferries, fleets, and others. Read the entire page →

From page 58...

... CAPTool User Guide P A R T I I

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From page 59...

... , the Federal Highway Administration (FHWA) , the Transportation Security Administration (TSA)

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From page 60...

... • Examine the merits of various countermeasure additions and enhancements including capital and operation measures -- both singly and in combination. 62 CAPTool User Guide Costing Asset Protection: An All Hazards Guide for Transportation Agencies (CAPTA)

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From page 61...

... This combination enables decision makers to determine appropriate risk mitigation measures and estimate their costs as a function of the selected consequence threshold. CAPTA may be employed by a range of agencies responsible for risk management across transportation modes in an all-hazards environment: • Regional entities, such as port authorities, toll authorities, and transit authorities; • State agencies, such as departments of transportation and state emergency management agencies; and • Local agencies, such as departments of public works and county highway departments.

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From page 62...

... Several risk management guides were prepared independently and were targeted at state transportation agencies that own, operate, or influence specific assets or specific asset classes within the transportation system. They included guides to assess risk and vulnerability for highway assets, rural transit, ferries, tunnels, and bridges.

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From page 63...

... The consequence threshold may vary from jurisdiction to jurisdiction and among individual managers, depending on individual tolerance. Reasonable ranges of consequences are provided to guide the user in each of the following four consequence areas: • Potentially exposed population • Property loss • Mission disruption • Social/cultural disruption The CAPTA methodology, as implemented in a spreadsheet (CAPTool)

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From page 64...

... In keeping with the above approach, CAPTA uses consequence thresholds (for life, property, and mission) to focus risk management on assets and hazard or threat combinations that merit risk reduction investment at the program planning level.

Read the entire page →

From page 65...

... Many are located at www.trb.org/ securitypubs/. The following list contains individual examples of such materials: • TCRP Report 86/NCHRP Report 525, Volume 12: Making Transportation Tunnels Safe and Secure (Parsons Brinckerhoff Quade & Douglas, Inc., Science Applications International Corporation, and Interactive Elements Incorporated; Transportation Research Board of the National Academies, Washington, DC, 2006)

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From page 66...

... The difference rests in the level of detail provided to the user and the requirement for user input. To facilitate ease of use, the User Guide is based on the Basic CAPTool application within the optional Expanded CAPTool explained in the subsequent section.

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From page 67...

... Introduction 69 Basic Step Basic CAPTool Expanded CAPTool Expanded Step 1 Relevant Risk Selection Relevant Risk Selection 1 Threat Hazard Vulnerability 1a 2 Thresholds Thresholds 2 3 Asset /Asset Class Inventory Asset /Asset Class Inventory 3 4 High-Consequence Assets Inventory High-Consequence Assets Inventory 4 Countermeasure Costs 5a Selection of Additional Countermeasures 5b Countermeasure Filter Selection 5c 5 Countermeasure Opportunities (including asset-specific opportunities) Countermeasure Opportunities (including asset-specific opportunities)

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From page 68...

... Example Agency To ease comprehension of the CAPTA methodology, the fictional Apex Transportation Authority is used to illustrate application of CAPTool. The Apex Transportation Authority possesses a normal complement of urban transportation assets, including road bridges and tunnels, transit stations, transit bridges and tunnels, buses, and a single passenger ferry that operates seasonally.

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From page 69...

... The required data are described in Table 3. Data Consistency Asset data should be vetted to ensure that measures of capacity, occupancy, detour length, replacement costs, and other factors are verified and applied consistently.

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From page 70...

... Transit/Rail Tunnels Identification of asset or asset class, quantity, maximum train capacity (occupancy) , replacement cost, length, percentage of total ridership using the bridge.

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From page 71...

... In the event that a user is concerned with a transportation asset class that is not under the control of the agency conducting the analysis, such as when a state DOT might include a privatized ferry service in the analysis, the user may still use CAPTool and the results can be included or excluded from the agency's own budget as appropriate. The user is asked to choose which threats and/or hazards are relevant in the jurisdiction of interest.

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From page 72...

... Criminal Acts -- Any act of civil disturbance that violates local, state, or federal laws. 74 CAPTool User Guide Type Hazard/Threat Unintentional Hazard Fire Structural Failure HAZMAT Natural Hazard Flood Earthquake Extreme Weather Mud/Landslide Intentional Threat Small Explosive (hand carried)

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From page 73...

... Figure 2 shows the input screen from the spreadsheet where the user selects "Y" or "N" (yes or no) , indicating which combination of hazards and threats and transportation asset classes are to be considered.

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From page 74...

... When done, click "Next." Reset Answers to "N" User-Entered On/Off Next Save TimeStamped Copy to Default Folder PreviousExpanded CAPTool Basic CAPTool1 5432 6 1 55c5b4321a 65a Figure 2. Input screen for threat/hazard and asset class.

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From page 75...

... Note that some combinations of threats or hazards and asset classes may not appear on the output table because the rules implemented in the CAPTA reflect judgments regarding whether the hazard or threat could result in the destruction of the asset class in question. ATA Example As shown in Figure 3, the fictional ATA has road, transit, and ferry components and will consider the asset classes and hazards and threats marked with a "Y" in CAPTool.

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From page 76...

... The "Save" button to the right will rename the file as a time and date-stamped copy to your default folder with the filename: "TransRiskManagementYYYY-MM-DD HH.MM.SS.xls" For the asset classes of interest, please indicate the threats/hazards that you wish to include in your analysis by toggling the response from "N" to "Y" for each cell. Threat/hazard and asset combinations that are likely to result in serious loss will be considered in subsequent steps.

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From page 77...

... User Input User inputs in this step establish the consequence thresholds for each of these consequence categories for each asset category (Figure 4)

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From page 78...

... Category Critical Threshold Explanation ROAD BRIDGE Potentially Exposed Population 0 Potentially exposed population threshold Property Loss $5,000 Replacement cost Mission Importance Level I Demand percentile for ADT * Detour Length Level I 29000 Level II 68000 Level III 241000 ROAD TUNNEL Potentially Exposed Population 0 Potentially exposed population threshold Property Loss $5,000 Replacement cost Mission Importance Yes Do you consider all road tunnels to be mission critical?

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From page 79...

... The expression is in millions of dollars across the cost range. • Mission Importance: This category is expressed in terms of loss of function and/or transport delays and is relevant to specific assets or asset classes, including the relative importance of assets to the transportation network as indicated by their system role (e.g., Interstate Highway System, National Highway System designation)

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From page 80...

... Category Critical Threshold Explanation ROAD BRIDGE Potentially Exposed Population 200 Potentially exposed population threshold Property Loss $101,699,661 Replacement cost Mission Importance Demand Percentile II Demand percentile for ADT * Detour Length Level I 29000 Level II 68000 Level III 241000 ROAD TUNNEL Potentially Exposed Population 101 Potentially exposed population threshold Property Loss $101,699,661 Replacement cost Mission Importance No Do you consider all road tunnels to be mission critical?

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From page 81...

... The secondary purpose is to calculate whether an asset or asset class surpasses the consequence thresholds chosen by the user. Definitions Asset Class -- An aggregation of similar transportation assets.

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From page 82...

... User Inputs The user enters all the assets and asset classes to be considered by the CAPTool into the appropriate transportation asset category sheet. The categories are those selected in Step 1, from among the following: • Road Bridge • Road Tunnel 84 CAPTool User Guide Asset Class PEP Equation Property Equation Mission Equation Road Bridges Separated into primary direction and secondary direction -- for each, if vehicles/lane > 2400, assume 40 vehicles/ 1000ft.

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From page 83...

... Instructions for Entering Assets/Asset Classes into CAPTA The specific data needed varies by the asset category. Figure 6 shows the data required for road bridges.

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From page 84...

... Replacement Cost Per Asset(Optional) Potentially Exposed Population Property Loss Mission Importance Manual Override ROAD BRIDGES CRITICALITY Specified Thresholds Potentially Exposed Population Property Loss Mission Importance Manual Override On/Off Calculate Criticality Comments Hide/Unhide Describe Infrastructure Assets (Road bridges)

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From page 85...

... Occupancy (Optional) Potentially Exposed Population Property Loss Mission Importance Manual Override Northern Region TMC 1 4609 Eastern Region TMC 1 12074 Central Region TMC 1 14997 SW Region TMC 1 22000 Y NW Region TMC 1 23011 Y Central Office 1 206000 Y Maintenance Division 1 78000 Y Central Services 1 87000 Y Brighton Office - Materials 1 45000 Y Western District - Administration Building 1 36000 Y Eastern District - Administration Building 1 34000 Y South District - Administration Building 1 56000 Y North District - Administration Building 1 21000 Y ADMIN & SUPPORT FACILITIES CRITICALITY Specified Thresholds Potentially Exposed Population Property Loss Mission Importance Manual Override On/Off Calculate Criticality Comments Hide/Unhide Next Describe Infrastructure Assets (Admin & Support Facilities)

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From page 86...

... The "Y" in the "criticality" table on the right of each figure indicates that the attributes of the asset (or asset class) are such that, if exposed to the previously identified hazards and threats, the result could exceed one or more of the consequence thresholds (E=exposed population, P=property damage, M=mission, MO=manual override)

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From page 87...

... Potentially Exposed Population Property Loss Mission Importance Manual Override Fair St. Bridge 1 1469 2389 76 Yes Y ES Rhodes Bridge 1 9753 3409 54 No Peck Bridge 1 234000 1428 21 No Y Tucker Channel Bridge 1 4967 671 2 89 No Broad Bridge 1 56099 4530 43 No Y Shaw Bridge 4 45032 7927 78 No Y Y I-95 Bridge 2390 801 2 65 No High Bridge 1 1 89345 5609 92 No Y Y Little River Bridge 1 50345 10478 23 No Y Y McDonald Bridge 1 42000 12093 2 2 8 4 4 4 4 6 56 $50,000,000 No Y ROAD BRIDGES CRITICALITY Specified Thresholds Potentially Exposed Population Property Loss Mission Importance Manual Override On/Off Calculate Criticality Comments Hide/Unhide Describe Infrastructure Assets (Road bridges)

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From page 88...

... to which they are vulnerable. Purpose The primary purpose of this step is to identify assets or asset classes that exceed consequence thresholds.

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From page 89...

... Asset Type # of critical assets # of assets considered Road bridges 3 26 Road tunnels 3 11 Stations 13 13 Rail bridges 6 6 4Rail tunnels 4 Facilities 5 12 Ferry 0 2 Fleet 5 Other 0 8 0 YX Total 39 82 Road Bridges Road Tunnels Transit/Rail Station B l u e R i v e r B r i d g e S t a t e L i n e B r i d g e V e t e r a n ' s B r i d g e D o w n t o w n T u n n e l U p t o w n T u n n e l M e m o r i a l T u n n e l N o r t h S t a t i o n S o u t h S t a t i o n B a y S t a t i o n D o w n t o w n S t a t i o n M a r k e t S t a t i o n P a r k S t r e e t S t a t i o n G o v e r n m e n t C e n t e r Potentially Exposed Population Y Y Y Y Y Y Y Y Y Y Y Y Y Property Loss Y Y Y Y Y Y Mission Importance Manual Override Small Explosives X Large Explosives X Fire X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X HAZMAT C R I T I C A L I T Y R E L E V A N T T H R E A T S / H A Z A R D S Identify Critical Assets Across Modes Instructions The following is a list of all critical assets, their thresholds of interest, and their relevant threats or hazards. If you wish to modify the relevant risks for an asset, delete an "X" from any cell to remove that as a risk for the corresponding asset.

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From page 90...

... Failure X X X X X X X X X HAZMAT X Flood Earthquake X X X X X Extreme Weather X X Mud/Landslide X X X User entered threat/hazard 1 X X X X X User entered threat/hazard 2 X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X XXX X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X C R I T I C A L I T Y R E L E V A N T T H R E A T S / H A Z A R D S Identify Critical Assets Across Modes Instructions The following is a list of all critical assets, their thresholds of interest, and their relevant threats or hazards. If you wish to modify the relevant risks for an asset, delete an "X" from any cell to remove that as a risk for the corresponding asset.

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From page 91...

... After the initial choice of countermeasures for the arrayed assets and asset classes, the user may select a specific asset and view the countermeasure choices for that asset as well as the cost of those measures. The user can access asset-specific data and countermeasure options by clicking the mouse on the specific asset listed across the top of the table and then clicking the "Analyze Asset" button at the top of the page.

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From page 92...

... When you are satisfied with your CM allocation, click "Continue." Next Analyze Asset FilterCountermeasures Clear All Countermeasure Quantities Basic CAPTool Expanded CAPTool 1 5432 6 1 55c5b4321a 65a Figure 11. Countermeasure selection.

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From page 93...

... The Basic CAPTool Guide 95

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From page 94...

... Alternatively, the "Analyze Asset" sheet also has a field for adding units of countermeasure. When you are satisfied with your CM allocation, click "Continue." Next Analyze Asset FilterCountermeasures Clear All Countermeasure Quantities Basic CAPTool Expanded CAPTool 1 5432 6 1 55c5b4321a 65a Figure 12.

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From page 95...

... User Inputs and Actions No user input is required in this step. Based upon the results shown in the summary, the user has the option to return to the beginning and • Repeat the process using different threshold values; or • Use the Enhanced CAPTool, which allows the user to enter cost and other data and set countermeasure filters to limit the countermeasures considered.

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From page 96...

... $4,040.1 $2,050.4 $0.0 $0.0 $0.0 $0.0 $0.0 $0.0 $0.0 Physical Security Countermeasures $700,600 Access Control Countermeasures $330,000 Design/Engr Countermeasures $5,059,912 Operational Countermeasures $0 Other Countermeasures $0 Overall Total $6,090,501 R e l e v a n t R i s k s Potentially Exposed Population Property Loss T o t a l s # of Unique Critical Assets Mission Importance T h r e s h o l d s E x p e n d i t u r e s C o u n t s 7 00 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0104 Road Bridges Transit/Rail Stations Transit/Rail Bridges Admin & Support Facilities Other Save Time-Stamped Copy to Default Folder Ferries Fleets Summary Report Click Heading for Detailed Expenditure Report Return to Beginning Road Tunnels Transit/Rail Tunnels Edit Countermeasure Selection Save Results Only Basic CAPTool Expanded CAPTool 1 5432 6 1 55c5b4321a 65a

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From page 97...

... Expenditures by Asset Class 66% 34% 0% Road Bridges Road Tunnels Transit/Rail Station Transit/Rail Bridges Transit/Rail Tunnels Admin & Support Facilities Ferry Fleet Other Expenditures by CM Type 12% 5% 83% 0% 0% Physical Security Countermeasures Access Control Countermeasures Design/Engr Countermeasures Operational Countermeasures Other Countermeasures

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From page 98...

... This spreadsheet will allow the user to adjust the hazard/threat to asset combinations. The Basic CAPTool uses default assumptions to match hazards and threats to the asset classes.

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From page 99...

... Potentially Exposed Population Property Loss Mission Importance Manual Override Potentially Exposed Population Property Loss Mission Importance Manual Override Potentially Exposed Population Property Loss Mission Importance Manual Override Small Explosives X Large Explosives X Fire X X X X X HAZMAT X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X Road Bridges Transit/Rail StationRoad Tunnels Verify High Consequence Threats and Hazards Instructions For each asset class, indicate which threats or hazards could cause unacceptable consequences for exposed population, property damage, or loss of mission capabilities by placing an "X" in the appropriate square. Additionally, if you plan to manually mark certain assets as critical (manual override)

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From page 100...

... Assumptions The user desired to apply local cost figures using the Enhanced CAPTool. User Inputs The user manually enters cost data for selected countermeasures (Figure 16)

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From page 101...

... Deploys one FT traffic engineer, 1 PT carpenter, 1 PT operating engineer, $9,000 fixed cost - $211,000 per year 31 Public Information and Dissemination $150.00 1 PIO, 1 web technician. 2FT employee per year Physical Security Countermeasures Access Control Countermeasures Asset Design/Engineering Operational Countermeasures Reset Next Review Countermeasure Unit Costs Instructions If you wish to modify any of the per-unit countermeasure costs, please do so below by entering the new value into the appropriate field.

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From page 102...

... Assumptions The user desires to consider additional countermeasures in the CAPTA process that are not already contained within the CAPTool countermeasures database. User Inputs The user enters the additional countermeasures to be included in the Enhanced CAPTool, as shown in Figure 17.

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From page 103...

... $0.0 $0.0 $0.0 $0.0 $0.0 $0.0 $0.0 $0.0 $0.0 $0.0 Area-Wide Asset Specific Temporary/Redeployable Multipurpose Potential Basic Enhanced Threat Responsive Small Explosives M Large Explosives M Chemical/Biological/Radiological M Criminal Acts M Lighting M Struct. Failure M HAZMAT M Flood M Earthquake M Extreme Weather M Mud/Landslide M M M M M M M M M M M M M M M M M M M M M M M M M M M M M M M M M M M M M M M M M M M M M M M M M M M M M M M M M M M M M M M M M M M M M M M M M M M M M M M M M M M M M M M M M M M M M M M M M M M M F u n c t i o n s C o s t I m p l e m e n t a t i o n P a c k a g e R o a d B r i d g e s Next PreviousClear Entries on SheetIdentify and Describe Additional Countermeasures Instructions If you wish to add additional countermeasures, select "ON" to turn on each CM column.

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From page 104...

... Assumptions The user chooses to screen the display of CAPTool countermeasures. User Inputs The user will manually enter cost data to the desired countermeasure as in Figure 18.

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From page 105...

... The Enhanced CAPTool G uide 107 Road Bridges Road Tunnels Transit/RailStation Transit/Rail Bridges Transit/Rail Tunnels Admin & Support Facilities Ferry Fleet Other Is prediction a desirable countermeasure function? Y Y Is deterrence a desirable countermeasure function?

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From page 106...

... CAPTA combines a transparent means to capture management judgments on consequence thresholds with the objective characteristics of the assets analyzed to produce a list of high-consequence assets that merit further examination. CAPTool identifies high-consequence assets and links them to objective data and user choices.

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From page 107...

... 109 A P P E N D I X A Countermeasure Unit Costs and Descriptions

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From page 108...

... 110 CAPTool User Guide Measure Estimated Per-Unit Cost (x1000) Description Unit of Measure Lightinga $11.30 One per 100 ft of road or perimeter.

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From page 109...

... Countermeasure Unit Costs and Descriptions 111 Measure Estimated Per-Unit Cost (x1000) Description Unit of Measure Seismic Retrofittinge $10,000.00 Estimates must be changed to reflect local variation.

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From page 110...

... b $15,600/lf User input percentage of ridership that regularly use this transit/rail transportation asset Transit/Rail Tunnel 2 (maximum capacity of rail cars) b $40,000/lf User input percentage of ridership that regularly use this transit/rail transportation asset Administrative & Support Facilities 1 person/175 sq ftc $210/sq ft Never critical unless so designated by user Ferries Maximum capacity of ferry User input of cost Never critical unless so designated by user Fleets Maximum occupancy of one fleet vehicle (Average cost per vehicle)

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From page 111...

... Getting Started with the Tool STEP 1: Save the Microsoft® Excel file named "Costing Asset Protection Tool.xls" to your computer. STEP 2: Open the file.

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From page 112...

... Countermeasures Attributes Tables D-1 through D-3 show the attributes of countermeasures in the countermeasures dictionary, organized into countermeasure categories. Baseline Assessment of Relative Value Tables D-4 through D-12 show the baseline assessment of the relative value of each of the countermeasures included in the countermeasures dictionary.

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From page 113...

... $11.3 $3.3 $21 $17.5 $0.9 $30 Area-Wide Asset Specific X X X X X X Temporary/Redeployable X Im pl em en ta tio n Multipurpose Potential X X X X X X Basic X X X X X X Enhanced Pa ck ag e Threat Responsive X Table D-1. Attributes of physical security countermeasures.

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From page 114...

... $10 $50 $57 $138 $18.5 $30 $30 $30 $30 $1.2 $257 $0.1 $0.1 Area-Wide X X X X X Asset Specific X X X X X X X X Temporary/Redeployable X X X X Im pl em en ta tio n Multipurpose Potential Basic X X X X X X X X Enhanced X X X Pa ck ag e Threat Responsive X X Table D-2. Attributes of access control countermeasures.

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From page 115...

... $10,000 $460 $0.6 $30 $100 $100 $1,330 $100 $100 $100 $220 $150 Area-Wide X X X X X X X X X Asset Specific X X X Temporary/Redeployable X X X Im pl em en ta tio n Multipurpose Potential X X X X X X Basic X X X X X X X X X Enhanced X X X Pa ck ag e Threat Responsive X X X Table D-3. Attributes of design/engineering and operational countermeasures.

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From page 116...

... Failure L L L L L H HAZMAT L L L L L H Flood L M L L L H Earthquake L L L L L L Extreme Weather L M L L L H R oa d Tu nn el s Mud/Landslide L M L L L H Small Explosives M L L M M H Large Explosives M M M M M M Chemical/Biological/Radiological M L L L M H Criminal Acts M L L M M M Fire M M L M L L Struct. Failure L L L L L H HAZMAT L L L L L H Flood L M L L L H Earthquake L L L L L L Extreme Weather L M L L L H Tr an si t/R ai l S ta tio n Mud/Landslide L M L L L H Table D-4.

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From page 117...

... Failure L L L L L L L L L L L L L HAZMAT L L L L L L L L L L L M L Flood L L L L L L L L L L L M L Earthquake L L L L L L L L L L L L L Extreme Weather L L L L L L L L L L L L L R oa d Tu nn el s Mud/Landslide L L L L L L L L L L L L L Small Explosives L M L M L H L M M M H H L Large Explosives L M L L M M M M M M H M L Chemical/Biological/Radiological L M L L M H L M M M L M L Criminal Acts L L M L M M M M M H L H M Fire L L L L L L L L L L L H L Struct. Failure L L L L L L L L L L L L L HAZMAT L L L L L L L L L L L M L Flood L L L L L L L L L L L M L Earthquake L L L L L L L L L L L L L Extreme Weather L L L L L L L L L L L L L Tr an si t/R ai l S ta tio n Mud/Landslide L L L L L L L L L L L L L Table D-5.

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From page 118...

... Failure H L H L L L L L H H H H HAZMAT L H L M M L H L H H H H Flood H L L H H L L L H H H H Earthquake H M H M H L L L H H H H Extreme Weather H L H M H L L L H H H H Tr an si t/R ai l S ta tio n Mud/Landslide H L H M H L L L H H H H Table D-6. Relative value of design/engineering and operational countermeasures for road bridges, road tunnels, and transit/rail stations.

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From page 119...

... Failure L L L L L H HAZMAT L L L L L H Flood L M L L L H Earthquake L L L L L L Extreme Weather L M L L L H Tr an si t/R ai l T un ne ls Mud/Landslide L M L L L H Small Explosives M L L M M H Large Explosives M M M M M M Chemical/Biological/Radiological M L L L M H Criminal Acts M L L M M M Fire L L L L L L Struct. Failure L L L L L H HAZMAT L L L L L M Flood L M L L L H Earthquake L L L L L L Extreme Weather L M L L L L A dm in & S up po rt Fa ci lit ie s Mud/Landslide L M L L L L Table D-7.

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From page 120...

... Failure L L L L L L L L L L L L L HAZMAT L L L L L L L L L L L M L Flood L L L L L L L L L L L M L Earthquake L L L L L L L L L L L L L Extreme Weather L L L L L L L L L L L L L Tr an si t/R ai l T un ne ls Mud/Landslide L L L L L L L L L L L L L Small Explosives L M L M L H L M M M H H L Large Explosives L M L L M M M M M M H M L Chemical/Biological/Radiological L M L L M H L M M M L M L Criminal Acts L L M L M M M M M H L H M Fire L L L L L L L L L L L H L Struct. Failure L L L L L L L L L L L L L HAZMAT L L L L L L L L L L L M L Flood L L L L L L L L L L L M L Earthquake L L L L L L L L L L L L L Extreme Weather L L L L L L L L L L L L L A dm in & S up po rt Fa ci lit ie s Mud/Landslide L L L L L L L L L L L L L Table D-8.

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From page 121...

... Failure H L H L M L L L H H H H HAZMAT L M L L L L H L H H H H Flood H L H L H L L L H H H H Earthquake H L H L H L L L H H H H Extreme Weather H L H L H L L L H H H H A dm in & S up po rt Fa ci lit ie s Mud/Landslide H L H L H L L L H H H H Table D-9. Relative value of design/engineering and operational countermeasures for transit/rail bridges, transit/rail tunnels, and administrative and support facilities.

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From page 122...

... Failure L L L L L H HAZMAT L L L L L M Flood L M L L L H Earthquake L L L L L L Extreme Weather L M L L L L Fl ee ts Mud/Landslide L M L L L L Small Explosives M M M M M M Large Explosives M M M M M M Chemical/Biological/Radiological M M M M M M Criminal Acts M M M M M M Fire M M M M M M Struct. Failure M M M M M M HAZMAT M M M M M M Flood M M M M M M Earthquake M M M M M M Extreme Weather M M M M M M O th er Mud/Landslide M M M M M M Table D-10.

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From page 123...

... Failure L L L L L L L L L L L L L HAZMAT L L L L L L L L L L L M L Flood L L L L L L L L L L L M L Earthquake L L L L L L L L L L L L L Extreme Weather L L L L L L L L L L L L L Fl ee ts Mud/Landslide L L L L L L L L L L L L L Small Explosives M M M M M M M M M M M M M Large Explosives M M M M M M M M M M M M M Chemical/Biological/Radiological M M M M M M M M M M M M M Criminal Acts M M M M M M M M M M M M M Fire M M M M M M M M M M M M M Struct. Failure M M M M M M M M M M M M M HAZMAT M M M M M M M M M M M M M Flood M M M M M M M M M M M M M Earthquake M M M M M M M M M M M M M Extreme Weather M M M M M M M M M M M M M O th er Mud/Landslide M M M M M M M M M M M M M Table D-11.

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From page 124...

... Failure M M M M M M M M M M M M HAZMAT M M M M M M M M M M M M Flood M M M M M M M M M M M M Earthquake M M M M M M M M M M M M Extreme Weather M M M M M M M M M M M M O th er Mud/Landslide M M M M M M M M M M M M Table D-12. Relative value of design/engineering and operational countermeasures for ferries, fleets, and others.

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