Guidebook for Managing Small Airports - Second Edition (2019) / Chapter Skim
Currently Skimming:
Pages 297-338
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From page 297... ...
: Altitude expressed as feet above terrain or airport elevation (see mean sea level)
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From page 298... ...
aircraft classes: For the purposes of wake turbulence separation minima, air traffic control classifies aircraft as heavy, large and small as follows: • heavy – Aircraft capable of takeoff weights of 300,000 pounds or more, whether or not they are operating at this weight during a particular phase of flight. • large – Aircraft of more than 12,500 pounds maximum certificated takeoff weight, up to 300,000 pounds.
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From page 299... ...
airline transport pilot (ATP) : The most advanced of all pilot certificates, requiring the highest skill and experience levels.
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From page 300... ...
airport elevation: The highest point of an airport's usable runways, measured in feet above mean sea level. airport hazard: Any structure or natural object located on or in the vicinity of a public airport, or any use of land near such airport, that obstructs the airspace required for the flight of aircraft landing, taking off or taxiing at the airport.
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From page 301... ...
: An FAA facility established to provide air traffic control to aircraft operating on an instrument flight rule flight plan within controlled airspace, principally during the en route phase of flight. air service development (ASD)
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From page 302... ...
approach procedure with vertical guidance (APV) : An instrument approach procedure providing vertical and lateral electronic guidance.
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From page 303... ...
automatic direction finding (ADF) : A basic guidance mode providing aircraft with lateral guidance to an aviation radio station.
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From page 304... ...
building restriction line (BRL) : A line established with respect to the runway centerline to assure that structures will not project above the imaginary surfaces required by Federal Aviation Regulations Part 77, and obstruction clearance criteria.
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From page 305... ...
hub airports, typically to a radius of 20 nautical miles and up to 10,000 feet above ground level. Operations within Class B airspace require an air traffic control clearance and at least a private pilot certificate (local waivers available)
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From page 306... ...
common traffic advisory frequency (CTAF) : The radio frequency, sometimes called the UNICOM (universal communications)
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From page 307... ...
Does not imply that all flight is under air traffic control. Visual flight rule aircraft may operate without air traffic control contact in most controlled airspace, as long as weather conditions will permit them to see and avoid other aircraft.
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From page 308... ...
Program: A federal program developed to ensure qualified firms owned and controlled by minorities may take part in contracts supported with federal funds. discretionary funds: Airport Improvement Program funds remaining within the obligation limitation, after entitlement calculation, subject to restrictions in legislation and available for distribution at the FAA's discretion, per the FAA priority system.
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From page 309... ...
: A flight service station dedicated to providing realtime weather information to airborne flights (rather than for preflight planning) on a single national radio frequency of 122.0 MHz (low altitude)
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From page 310... ...
: An assessment of the environmental effects of a proposed action for which federal financial assistance is being requested or for which federal authorization is required. The EA serves as the basis for the FAA's environmental impact statement or finding of no significant impact.
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From page 311... ...
In addition to regulating airports, aircraft manufacturing and parts certification, aircraft operation and pilot certification ("licensing") , the FAA operates air traffic control, pur chases and maintains navigation equipment, certifies airports and aids airport development, among other activities.
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From page 312... ...
Federal Aviation Regulations (FAR) Parts 121 and 135: Specify certification and operational requirements for commercial operators of large aircraft and air taxis, respectively.
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From page 313... ...
• visual flight rules flight plan: Voluntary filing for crosscountry flights under visual flight rules. For search and rescue use only, with no role for air traffic control.
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From page 314... ...
Activities include general surveillance of operational safety, certification of airmen and aircraft, accident prevention, investigation and enforcement. Flight Watch: (See En Route Flight Advisory Service)
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From page 315... ...
: A system designed to capture, store, manipulate, analyze, manage and present spatial or geographic data. glideslope: An angle approach to a runway utilizing the glideslope antenna of an instrument landing system.
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From page 316... ...
Flights are monitored and traffic is separated by air traffic control. (See also visual flight rules)
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From page 317... ...
. L landing distance available (LDA)
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From page 318... ...
low approach: An approach over an airport or runway following an instrument approach or a visual flight rules approach, including the goaround maneuver in which a pilot intentionally does not make contact with the runway. M magnetic heading: Heading of the aircraft relative to magnetic north; a magnetic heading sensor provides this heading data.
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From page 319... ...
minimums: Weather condition requirements established for a particular operation or type of operation -- e.g., instrument flight rules takeoff or landing, alternate airport for instrument flight rules flight plans, etc. minimum standards: Sponsorestablished minimum service levels and development space requirements for commercial aeronautical activities at the airport.
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From page 320... ...
missed approach point (MAP) : A point prescribed in each instrument approach procedure at which a missed approach procedure will be executed if the required visual reference does not exist.
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From page 321... ...
Examples: instrument landing systems, visual approach slope indicators, precision approach path indicators, wind cones and very high frequency omnidirectional ranges. net lease: A lease in which the payments to the lessor do not include insurance and mainte nance expenses, which usually are separately paid by the lessee.
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From page 322... ...
A nonprecision approach utilizing the global positioning system may also provide vertical guidance, depending on the approach and equipage of the aircraft. nonprecision instrument runway: A runway where the best approach is a nonprecision instrument approach procedure and no precision approach facility or procedure is planned.
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From page 323... ...
: A volume of space above and adjacent to a runway and its approach lighting system, if one exists, free of all fixed objects except FAAapproved frangible aeronautical equipment and clear of vehicles and aircraft in the proximity of an airplane conducting an approach, missed approach, landing, takeoff or departure. obstruction: An object that exceeds a limiting height or penetrates an imaginary surface described by current Federal Aviation Regulations (Part 77)
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From page 324... ...
pavement classification number: A number that expresses the loadcarrying capacity of a pavement for unrestricted operations. pavement management program: Also referred to as pavement maintenance management program or pavement management system.
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From page 325... ...
precision instrument runway: A runway with an instrument approach procedure utilizing an instrument landing system, microwave landing system, precision approach radar or global positioning system providing precision approach minimums. preferential runway use (program)
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From page 326... ...
It is required for architectural, engineering and planning services for Airport Improvement Program grantfunded projects and may be required for non–Airport Improvement Program projects based on state procurement laws. R rates: A fixed price paid for something for which there is value, usually property, buildings or fixed assets.
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From page 327... ...
Privi leges are limited according to flight within 50 nautical miles of base, carrying no more than one passenger; using nontowered airports; and flying during daylight hours only, unless restrictions are removed through further training. A recreational pilot may not share expenses.
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From page 328... ...
rotating beacon: A rotating light providing visual guidance for the airport between sunset and sunrise and during times when the reported ceiling or visibility is below basic visual flight rules minimums. rules and regulations: The document adopted by the airport sponsor to govern the general conduct of the public, tenants, employees and commercial users of the airport.
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From page 329... ...
scheduled operation: Any common carriage passengercarrying operation for compensation or hire conducted by an air carrier, for which the air carrier or its representatives offer in advance the departure location, departure time and arrival location. scoping: An early and open process for determining the scope of issues to be addressed in an environmental assessment or environmental impact statement and identifying the significant issues related to a proposed action.
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From page 330... ...
At many airports, these airlines pay lower rates and charges than nonsignatory airlines. small aircraft: An aircraft with a maximum certificated takeoff weight of 12,500 pounds or less.
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From page 331... ...
standard terminal arrival route (STAR) : A planned instrument flight rules air traffic control arrival route published for pilot use in graphic and/or textual form.
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From page 332... ...
Sublease agreements must also conform to the airport's minimum standards. substantial adverse aeronautical effect: An impact on navigable airspace that necessitates a change to an instrument approach procedure, an approach minimum, an element of an airport or a navigational aid, or a change in a vectoring altitude, so as to meet minimum procedure or facility design standards.
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From page 333... ...
with downwind flown at a specified altitude, usually 1,000 or 1,500 feet above the airport elevation. At airports with a control tower, the pattern may be modified or short cut according to air traffic control instructions.
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From page 334... ...
UNICOM: A common, multipurpose radio frequency used at most nontowered airports as the common traffic advisory frequency. The Aircraft Owners and Pilots Association coined the term (derived from the words "universal communications")
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From page 335... ...
: Procedures for instrument approach and departure of aircraft to and from civil and military airports, defined by FAA Order 8260.3. utility airport: An airport designed, constructed and maintained to serve airplanes having approach speeds less than 121 knots.
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From page 336... ...
• ground visibility: Prevailing horizontal visibility near the earth's surface, as reported by the National Weather Service or an accredited observer. visual approach: An approach to an airport wherein an aircraft on an instrument flight rules flight plan, operating in visual flight rules conditions under the control of a radar facility and having an air traffic control authorization, may deviate from the prescribed instrument approach procedure and proceed to the airport of destination, served by an operational control tower, by visual reference to the surface.
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From page 337... ...
providing greater navigation accuracy and system integrity and permitting GPS to be used for precision instrument approaches to most airports. wildlife: Any wild animal, including without limitation any wild mammal, bird, reptile, fish, amphibian, mollusk, crustacean, arthropod, coelenterate or other invertebrate, including any part, product, egg or offspring thereof.
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From page 338... ...
wildlife strike: A wildlife strike has occurred when • A pilot reports striking one or more birds or other wildlife; • Aircraft maintenance personnel identify aircraft damage as having been caused by a wildlife strike; • Personnel on the ground report seeing an aircraft strike one or more birds or other wildlife; • Bird or other wildlife remains, whether in whole or in part, are found within 200 feet of a runway centerline, unless another reason for the animal's death is identified; or • The animal's presence on the airport had a significant negative effect on a flight, i.e., aborted takeoff, aborted landing, highspeed emergency stop, or aircraft left pavement area to avoid collision with animal. windrow: A long line of piled snow.
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