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Engineering and the Advancement of Human Welfare 10 Outstanding Achievements 1964-1989 (1989) / Chapter Skim
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Jumbo Jet
Pages 30-33

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From page 30...
... Since then the combination of rising fuel prices, lower air fares, and economical long-range jumbos has helped triple the annual revenue passen ger miles (one RPM equals one paying I passenger carried one mile) logged by the U.S.
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From page 31...
... Advanced metal alloys, new cooling systems, and the highbypass design help the engines deliver almost twice the thrust per pound of engine weight, while using 20 to 25 percent less fuel per pound of thrust than conventional turbojet engines. The core of a high-bypass engine operates like a pure turbojet, in which whirling compressor blades pull air into the engine's combustion chamber, where the air and fuel are burned.
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From page 32...
... Right: Nickel-alloy turbine blades cast as single crystals have greater strength and durability and higher temperature capability than blades made of earlier materials. The wavelike patterns, enhanced for this photo by chemical processing, are caused by minute chemical differences between parts of the crystal that solidify earlier in the casting process and those that solidify later.
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From page 33...
... The jumbos, in turn, are benefiting from new technologies developed for commercial aircraft in general: composite structural materials, automated landing and flight systems, and "all glass" cockpits in which instrument readings are displayed on color television monitors. Over the next 10 to 15 years, the current family of jumbos will continue to expand in size, range, and capability.
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Key Terms

  • combustion chamber
  • turbine blades
  • jumbo jet
  • directional solidification
  • chill plate

  • relieve air
  • moving air
  • air travel
  • expanding gas
  • traffic congestion

  • air past
  • auxiliary power
  • air traffic
  • compressor blades
  • commercial aircraft

  • external surface
  • tolerance results
  • wavelike patterns
  • crystals start
  • giant air

  • help relieve
  • engine cowlings
  • protective film
  • composite structural
  • advances developed

  • pouring molten
  • increased engine
  • jet lies
  • increased emphasis
  • big planes


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