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The Competitive Status of the U.S. Pharmaceutical Industry The Influences of Technology in Determining International Industrial Competitive Advantage (1983) / Chapter Skim
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4. New Developments Affecting the Industry
Pages 72-76

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From page 72...
... SCIENTIFIC ADVANCES Co ntinued pharmaceutical innovation requires persistent expansion in the underlying- scientific base. This expansion has so dramatically occurred in medicine, pharmacology, and chemistry that, according to numerous reports, the ethical drug industry verges on a burst of significant new products.
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From page 73...
... Tagamet was designed using these new procedures, having been developed atom by atom to affect specific physiological processes. If the cumulative industrial effects of improved pharmacy tical research increase productivity, this will serve to decrease the average cost of new drug discoveries and increase the earn ings potential for these discoveries, thus indirectly encouraging additional research expenditures.
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From page 74...
... But safety in the sense of freedom from the occasional potentially serious adverse reaction, a problem which does arise although infrequently in broader usage, is the frontier which now limits pharmaceutical innovation. Of course only a minority of new product candidates survive the preceding animal toxicology tests.
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From page 75...
... This growth has been encouraged by a major revision of Japanese patent law in 1975, extending coverage from "process" to 'substance." Prior to this change, domestic Japanese firms could legally produce imitations of drugs sold by other firms so long as a unique process for production could be found, a relatively easy task. The new patent policy protects investments in research by preventing ready imitation.
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From page 76...
... . J 1 he long lags between strategic action by firms and governments and actual market impact in the pharmaceutical industry provide a substantial cushion for established American and European firms against any Japanese competition.
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  • provide underestimation

  • favor innovative
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